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Eagle Materials has picked up two cement plants in the US from Lafarge with a combined capacity of 1.6Mt/yr for US$446m. The deal also included six distribution terminals, two aggregates quarries, eight ready-mix concrete plants and a fly ash business.

Following our column in August 2012 following an acquisition in India we decided to ask a similar question: how much are American cement plants worth?

Eagle's acquisition now increases its presence in the Midwest and South Central regions of the US, giving it a rough line of plants across the country nearly connecting Lake Michigan to the Gulf of Mexico. As shown in our industry report on the US between 2005 and 2011 cement consumption fell in both the states the plants are located in. Missouri's consumption fell by 45% from 2.82Mt to 1.56Mt, just above the US national average. By contrast Oklahoma's consumption only fell by 11%, from 1.6Mt to 1.43Mt, the fourth smallest decline in the country.

However, Eagle has demonstrated financial health in contrast to the US sector as a whole, reporting a 21% rise in total revenue in the quarter to 30 June 2012 and a 60% rise in operating earnings year-on-year in the quarter to 31 March 2012. The combined operations at the two plants generated about US$178m in revenue during the year ending in June 2012. By contrast Eagle Materials' revenue totalled US$529m during the same period. The plants' additional capacity will increase Eagle's total by about 60%.

Lafarge are still thinking big though, with the proviso that Eagle will supply certain Lafarge operations with cement for four to five years, as well as an agreement with a Lafarge affiliate to supply low-cost alternative fuels to the acquired operations. According to its 2011 annual report North America comprised 11% of Lafarge's cement sales. Lafarge's sales in the US remained flat in 2011. In that year the company's capacity was 12.8Mt with a 12% market share. This picture has started to change in 2012 with a reduced loss in earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) in the first quarter followed by volume and sales increases of above 10% in the second quarter.

Back in June 2011 Cementos Argos picked up two plants from Lafarge in Roberta, Alabama and Harlyville, South Carolina for US$760m with a combined capacity of 2.7Mt/yr. As with the Eagle deal the sale included a number of peripheral assets including a clinker mill, cement mixer lorries and a marine port.

Cementos Argos recently put the world average at US$250m/t when publicising the expansion of its Rioclaro plant. The European Cement Association reports the figure at being above US$200m/t on its website. In August 2012, at the time of the potential CRH acquisition in India, the cost of Indian cement production capacity was placed at US$110/t-US$120/t.

Perhaps the question we should ask is how much is a US cement plant worth when it used to belong to Lafarge. Both the Cementos Argos sale and the Eagle deal worked out at US$280/t including all the ancillaries. The actual question we should ask is why has Lafarge chosen these specific plants to sell to a competitor in the US market?

Germany: Loesche has announced that Andreas Huster has joined Loesche Automatisierungstechnik GmbH (LAG) in Luenen as its sales director. He joined Loesche in July 2012.

Huster is 37 years old, married and was formerly responsible for distribution, sales and marketing of automation technology at Miebach group in Dortmund. At Loesche Huster will take over the responsibility for all clients and develop new market potential for LAG. Huster will also support projects for Loesche GmbH in Duesseldorf and their subsidiaries worldwide.

France: Carlos Espina has been appointed as director of research and development for the Lafarge Group, with effect from 1 October 2012. Espina was previously the chief executive officer at ArcelorMittal Méditerranée, a position he had held since July 2009.

He began his career in the UK as a researcher at AEA Technology. In 1995 he joined the research and development (R&D) Centre of Aceralia Corporación Siderúrgica as manager of the product applications engineering department, before becoming vice president of intellectual property, knowledge management and artificial intelligence upon the merger with Arcelor in 2002. Within the Arcelor Mittal Group, he successively held the positions of vice-president in charge of R&D, Europe, and vice-president in charge of R&D, automotive.

Carlos Espina will be based at Lafarge's Research Centre near Lyons, with more than 250 researchers of 12 different nationalities. He holds a degree from Oviedo College of Mines in Spain.

Indonesia: Chinese producers are expected to increase their capacity in Indonesia to 65Mt/yr from 60.56Mt/yr, according to an Indonesian industry official.

"Production will increase by 7% because the capacity of the factories will be ramped up and there will be additional investment in the cement business as well," said Director General for Basic Manufacturing Industry, Panggah Susanto. The plans for investment have been approved by the Capital Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM).

Chinese producer Anhui Conch Cement Co Ltd has said that it will will build a 10Mt/yr plant in either South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, West Kalimantan or West Papua.

China Trio Bit Engineering Co Ltd will build a 1.5Mt/yr plant in Subang, West Java. Another Chinese firm, State Development and Investment Corperation (SDIC), will build a 1.8Mt/yr plant in Papua. In addition, Siam Cement, the largest cement producer in Thailand, has also expressed interest in building a 1.8Mt.yr plant in West Java.

Saudi Arabia: Box International Consulting LP, a US-based cement industry consulting firm, has been issued with a Grant of Authorisation by Al Jouf Cement Company in Saudi Arabia to provide a variety of services to Al Jouf's plant in Turaif.

"Box International is very pleased to work with Al Jouf Cement regarding its plant expansion and to support its vision of furthering the construction sector and cement market in Saudi Arabia," said Thomas D Box, president of Box International.

Box International will assist Al Jouf Cement in developing a third line at the plant with an intended capacity of 5000t/day. This will involve providing consultation and recommendations regarding plant layout and design, process upgrades, equipment, plant and facility specifications and recommendations of vendors, along with the considerations regarding integration of the plant and infrastructure.

Box International will also manage the proposal and bidding process, propose training programmes for staff, manage financing for the expansion and propose an operation and management plan for the completed plant. Currently Al Jouf Cement's plant has one line with a capacity of 5000t/day with a second line under construction with the same capacity.

Russia: RATM Holding's Iskitimcement Cement Plant has reported a rise in its output by 23.1% year-on-year to 1.12Mt for January to September 2012. Deliveries rose by 28.9% to 1.29Mt in the same period.

In July to September 2012 Iskitimtsement produced 535,000t of cement and sold 579,369t. In September 2012 the company's output reached 168,000t and sales were 187,434t. Iskitimtsement has said that it plans to boost 2012 production by 9.4% year-on-year to 1.4Mt/yr.

Nationally, cement production in Russia to expected to reach 61Mt in 2012 as the construction industry continues to drive growth. During the first half of 2012, construction output managed to maintain a growth pace above that of the gross domestic product (GDP), recording a 5.4% expansion in year-on-year terms while GDP managed to expand by only 4.5% for the same period. At the same time, the production of cement in Russia totalled nearly 27.8Mt in the first half of 2012, representing a 14.1% annual increase. The sector is expected to further intensify in the near future due to large investments by public authorities in construction projects.

Lithuania: Akmenes Cementas, Lithuania's biggest cement producer, is operating almost at full capacity as its strategy to push exports has provide successful. For 2012 Akmenes Cement is aiming for at least a 10% increase in annual sales and a rise of around 15% in revenues thanks to growing exports.

"Today we rely on exports for growth," said Akmenes Cementas CEO Arturas Zaremba. He added a forecast that cement consumption in Lithuania will decline by 5% in 2012.

Akmenes Cementas expects that its Euro101.4m modernisation project will further aid its efforts to gain a foothold in export markets. A new dry production line increasing the plant's capacity to 1.5Mt/yr is due to be completed in mid-2013. This line should reduce fuels costs by almost one third. Two existing lines, with a capacity of over 1Mt/yr, will then be decommissioned.

Kyrgyzstan: A rally against the Aravan Cement Plant had been held in the Aravan district of the Osh region in southern Kyrgyzstan.

Protestors demanded that cleaning filters be installed at the plant, funds be allocated to the local budget and local infrastructure be improved. In addition, they demanded that the plant owners sell cement to residents of the Aravan district at discounted prices.

The protesters have vowed to block the Aravan-Osh road if the plant's management ignores their demands. Additionally they have threatened to revoke the mandate of member of parliament Azamat Arapbaev, who is one of the plant's owners. The rally follows a residents meeting held on 12 September 2012 where similar demands were raised.

Critics of the protest have blamed professional agitators seeking money. In May 2012, a special commission conducted analysis of the air, water and soil at the plant and concluded that all the data met the required standards.

The Aravan Cement Plant started operation in September 2008 with a capacity of 200,000t/yr. About 380 people work at the site. The Aravan Cement Plant is a Kyrgyz-Chinese company.

Belarus: Belarusian President Alyaksandr Lukashenka has ordered the Homel Regional Executive Committee to cancel an investment agreement under which Iran's Azarab Industries Company was to build a cement plant in the Vetka district.

Under the agreement, signed in May 2010, the Iranian company was to invest at least US$200m dollars in the project and complete the plant within three years. The Belarusian authorities hoped that the plant would be put into operation within 24 months. The investor was also to be granted the right to develop two chalk deposits near Vetka for a period of 50 years and export up to 70% of the output of the 1Mt/yr plant.

Uladzimir Dvornik, head of the Homel Regional Executive Committee, said in March 2011 that although the first stage of the project was to be completed on 7 February 2011, Azarab Industries Company had not submitted an implementation report. Instead, in January 2011, the regional government received a draft lease agreement for land plots from the company, which contained provisions contravening Belarusian regulations. In March 2011 the Homel Regional Executive Committee sent a letter to the Iranian company to assure it of a favourable decision on its suggestions with regard to a fixed lease rate for 50 years.

"There has yet been neither reply nor action from the Iranian company, which does not contribute to the implementation of the investment project," said Dvornik. The regional government is now looking for new investors for the plant.

Venezuela: Managing Director of the Organization for Development and Renovation of Mines and Mining Industry, Majid Tooklani, has said that Iran is constructing a 1Mt/yr cement plant in Servasul, Venezuela.

"The first phase of the project is underway and the second phase will begin within four months," Tooklani said. He added that the project is a joint investment venture by Iran and Venezuela with 30 Iranian companies providing the host country with technical and engineering services.