Displaying items by tag: Australia

Australia: The government has begun consultations with affected parties over the possible implementation of a carbon border tax on imports of goods from heavy industries, including cement production. The Herald Sun newspaper has reported that manufacturers’ associations in Australia have welcomed the possible change to emissions laws.

Australia/New Zealand: Belgium-based Etex has signed an agreement with building materials company BGC to acquire the latter’s gypsum and fibre cement businesses. The fibre cement business includes the Canning Vale fibre cement boards plant in Western Australia. BGC also operates nine warehouses across Australia and New Zealand. Etex says that the deal expands its activities in the ‘attractive’ local market, with significant growth opportunities. Finalisation is expected in early 2024.

Etex CEO Bernard Delvaux said “This deal is a strategic opportunity for Etex to complement our footprint in Australia and further increase the accessibility of our products and services for customers. This will both reinforce our gypsum wallboard offering and position us well in the growing fibre cement activities through a broad product range and good channel access.”

Australia: Boral has been halting production at its various production plants when the cost of electricity becomes too high. “At a certain point during the day, when the price goes up to a certain level, our manufacturing stops,” Chief executive officer Vik Bansal told the Australian Financial Review energy and climate summit. He added that the company had assessed that it was cheaper to have “thousands of people waiting idle for the prices to come down than actually do the work.” Additional reporting by the Sydney Morning Herald newspaper revealed that Boral’s staff had been working overtime and in night shifts to manage energy costs and to maintain the supply of building material products to its customers. Bansal told the summit that the company’s electricity costs rose by 54% in the 12 months to the end of June 2023.

However, Bansal was not clear whether all or just some of Boral’s plants have been stopping production temporarily due to peak daily electricity prices. The company produces cement, lime, concrete, asphalt and aggregates at 360 locations.

Boral has signed a fixed-price, 10-year power purchase agreement that will cover 19% of its renewable electricity needs to 2035, but is reportedly struggling to find other cost-effective options. In August 2023 it also reduced its emissions reduction target to 2025 from 2019 figures to up to 14% from 19% previously. It blamed this on “external factors” such as delays in securing the required regulatory approvals for the next phases of an alternative fuel program.

Australia: Cement Australia has signed a new three-year rail haulage agreement with Pacific National to transport shipping containers of cement, sand, fly ash, slag and lime. This will also includes the interstate and inter-city transport of cement and supplementary cementitious materials between large cities and throughout North Queensland. Cement Australia and Pacific National have a partnership that dates back over five years.

Pacific National is Australia’s largest private rail freight operator.

Denmark: FLSmidth has signed a deal with Australia-based FCT ACTech to provide a new product for the online analysis of raw materials. Under the agreement, FLSmidth will incorporate FCT ACTech’s X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-Ray diffraction analysis (XRD) analysers in its new QCX Cube products. The partnership was formalised in August 2023.

Jens Asbjørn Pedersen, Global Product Manager for Sampling, Preparation and Analysis at FLSmidth, said “We are very pleased to be able to integrate FCT ACTech analyser units in our new QCX Cube analysis solutions for cement plants.” He continued, “We are starting with the launch of QCX Cube X10, which primarily targets raw meal applications, but it is our ambition to utilise FCT ACTech's innovative range of analyser units to also deliver advanced online XRD analysis solutions for clinker and cement.” He added that the company believes that such integrated solutions will provide ‘critical’ support for cement plants during the green transition, as alternative fuels and new secondary cementitious materials drive a need for further process and chemistry optimisation.

The QCX Cube X10 online elemental analyser is FLSmidth's newest analysis product for cement raw meal. Offering plug-and-play functionality, it includes sampling components, an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) analyser and a fully programmed local control system that are delivered pre-assembled in an air-conditioned container. Analysis results for calcium, silicon, aluminium and iron are provided as standard. Sodium and magnesium analysis can be provided with the addition of a helium purge, while other elements are available on request after a site-specific evaluation. The product is designed to be integrated with FLSmidth’s optimisation software QCX/BlendExpert.

FCT ACTech is the analytical instruments division of FCT International. It has developed and supplied a continuous on-stream analyser for more than two decades with products now covering raw mix, clinker quality and cement blend control.

Australia: Adbri has awarded ABx Group a contract to supply 90,000 – 120,000t of bauxite to its Birkenhead, South Australia, cement plant over a five-year period from early 2024. Business News has reported a ‘conservative’ estimated value for the contract of US$5.4m. ABx Group will supply bauxite from its DL130 mining project. The project commands 13.7Mt-worth of bauxite reserves across three deposits. Mining is due to begin in October 2023. The parties have agreed an undisclosed price for the first shipment of bauxite under the contract.

ABx Group managing director and CEO Mark Cooksey said "This represents a significant milestone for ABx and endorses the suitability of our bauxite for the broader cement industry. It enables both parties to plan for ongoing supply with confidence. Importantly, regular mining operations to supply Adbri will increase ABx's ability to secure additional customers, for which there are active discussions."

Australia: Germany-based Flender has opened a new production and services centre in Sydney, New South Wales. Its product offering will include Flender’s gearboxes and couplings range for industrial applications, including cement plants.

CEO Andreas Evertz said “For both our wind [turbine drives] and industrial business we see enormous growth potential on the continent. To reach the goals of the Paris climate agreement we must not only ramp up renewable energy capacities, but also transform our industries towards sustainability. This includes recycling and establishing a circular economy. Our workshops are perfectly equipped for servicing and refurbishing the existing installed base, not only for our own fleet but all gearbox types in the market.”

Australia: Cockburn Cement has mounted a successful appeal against a US$187,000 fine for odourous emissions from its Munster cement plant in Western Australia in 2019. Business News Western Australia has reported that the company had been found guilty of six charges related to emissions violations. In its latest judgment, the court revised the company’s fine to US$159,000. It also granted the company leave to further appeal.

Australia: Adbri recorded sales of US$599m during the first half of 2023, up by 14% year-on-year. Its net profit grew by 13%, to US$33.7m. The producer noted continued ‘solid’ demand, and traction on its price increases. It faced high capital requirements for its on-going upgrade of its Kwinana grinding plant to consolidate its Western Australian operations there. The company expects its second-half 2023 earnings to rise ‘moderately’ due to the effects of its cost discipline and price increases, as well as sustained levels of cement demand.

Australia’s Climate Change Minister announced plans this week to look at a potential carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM). Chris Bowen told an Australian Business Economists forum in Sydney that policies were needed to ensure a level playing field for Australian firms. Mentioning the European Union’s (EU) CBAM by name, he said that his department would prepare a review to assess carbon leakage risks, develop policy options and look at the feasibility of an Australian CBAM, particularly in relation to steel and cement.

The Antipodean nation has past form when it comes to carbon legislation. Back in 2012 it introduced the Clean Energy Act under the Gillard administration. The legislation was intended to introduce an emissions trading scheme with a carbon pricing scheme. However, it faced opposition from rival political parties and the Cement Industry Federation warned that the local cement sector was vulnerable to overseas competitors outside of the scheme. Job losses followed and Adelaide Brighton appeared to react by focusing more on imports. The Abbott administration then abolished the act in 2014 putting forward its Clean Energy Future package instead, which focused more on investing towards change. Jump forward nearly a decade and the Albanese government passed its Climate Change Bill in 2022. This set legally binding targets, including a commitment to cut CO2 emissions by 43% from 2005 levels by 2030. Bowen’s look at a CBAM is an obvious next step from here, addressing one of the main criticisms of the previous Clean Energy Act.

Local building materials company Boral reacted positively to a CBAM in its annual results released earlier this week with chief executive officer Vik Bansal saying that the company was “...advocating for an effective Carbon Border Adjusted Mechanism for Australia.” He also reconfirmed the group’s commitment to a target of net zero emissions by 2050. However, at the same time, Boral also reduced its emissions reduction target to 2025 from 2019 figures to up to 14% from 19% previously. This was blamed on “external factors” such as delays in securing the required regulatory approvals for the next phases of an alternative fuel program. Mining company Rio Tinto also warned in late July 2023, as part of its half-year financial results, that it might potentially miss its emissions target for 2025 unless it resorted to buying carbon credits.

CBAMs became serious in 2023 when the EU passed its own scheme into law in May 2023. The EU CBAM will now enter into a transitional phase from 1 October 2023 until the end of 2025. During this period importers of goods covered by the legislation will be required to report greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) embedded in their imports (direct and indirect emissions) but they will not have to make any financial payments or adjustments. The system will then enter its full format from 1 January 2026, with affected importers being forced to purchase and surrender CBAM certificates, which will be priced at the EU emission trading scheme (ETS) rate, currently at around Euro88/t. Other CBAMs have also been mooted in Canada and the US. In Canada the government ran a consultation on border carbon adjustments in 2021. It is currently considering its next steps. The US meanwhile has had both Republican and Democrat party senators make separate suggestions for a CBAM since at least 2021.

Just because the EU is set to implement its CBAM and other countries are considering their own versions doesn’t mean that they are necessarily a good idea. Cembureau, the European cement association, has been steadily lobbying on the details such as indirect emissions and waste incineration in the EU CBAM for years. Criticisms of CBAMs in general include potential clashes with World Trade Organisation rules, accusations of protectionism, triggering inflation, not being equitable to less developed nations and even failing to stop carbon leakage in the first place. The EU CBAM has also linked itself to the local ETS price. So, even after the transitional period, the carbon price may start to jump about in unpredictable ways once the system fully goes live in 2026.

The game-changer in recent years for international carbon emissions reduction legislation though was arguably when the US government introduced its Inflation Reduction Act in 2022. This is because it served both sustainability and self-interest on a grander scale than seen previously. The act promised US$369bn in subsidies for companies to invest in low carbon technology. However, the catch was that the investment tied supply chains to the US market, much to the ire of some of the US’ trade partners such as the EU. CBAMs offer a similar opportunity to governments around the world if they choose. They can be used to protect domestic carbon emission reduction effects in heavy industry but they can also be used for protectionism. Hence Bowen was due to say during his speech that the Inflation Reduction Act and other policies elsewhere “mean that Australia needs to act to stay in the game.” Australia has the advantage that it can watch how the EU CBAM pans out before it implements its own version.