Displaying items by tag: data

Renewables reportedly generated more power than coal in the first half of 2025. Energy think tank Ember put out a report this week, which showed that solar and wind generation also grew faster than the rise in electricity demand in the first half of 2025. Global electricity demand rose by 2.6% year-on-year, adding 369TW. Solar increased by 306TW and wind by 97TW. Both coal and gas generation fell slightly, although a rise in other fossil fuel generation slowed the decline further.

Tellingly, fossil fuel generation fell in both China and India. Indeed, China added more solar and wind than the rest of the world combined, cutting its fossil fuel generation by 2% or by 58.7TWh. In India, renewables grew at the expense of fossil fuels, but demand growth was relatively low at 12TWh. In the US and the European Union (EU) fossil fuel generation actually increased. In the US, this was due to demand growth outpacing new renewable power. In the EU, weaker wind and hydroelectric output led to a greater reliance on coal and gas.

Meanwhile, a separate report by the International Energy Agency (IEA), also out this week, predicts that installed renewable power is likely to more than double by 2030 even as the sector navigates headwinds in supply chains, grid integration and financing. The IEA forecasts that global renewable power capacity will increase by 4600GW by 2030, roughly the equivalent of adding the total power generation capacity of China, the EU and combined. Solar photovoltaic (PV) will account for around 80% of the global increase in renewable power capacity over the next five years, followed by wind, hydroelectric, bioenergy and geothermal. Solar PV is expected to dominate renewables’ growth between now and 2030, remaining the lowest-cost option for new generation in most countries. Wind power, despite its near-term challenges, is still set for considerable expansion as supply bottlenecks ease and projects move forward, notably in China, Europe and India. However, the IEA’s outlook for global renewable capacity growth has been revised downward slightly compared to 2024, mainly due to policy changes in the US and in China.

This is all very well but what does it mean for the cement sector? At face value, possibly not much anytime soon. Both Ember and the IEA are talking about domestic electricity generation, not industrial. Ember reckons that half the world’s economies may have already peaked in fossil fuel power generation, but usage rates are still high. Prices of fossil fuels may even subsequently come down - to the benefit of industrial users such as cement plants. Yet, carbon taxes should, in theory, discourage increased usage - if they are working correctly.

Market distortions should not be discounted though. Some readers may recall what happened with carbon credits in the earlier stages of the EU emissions trading scheme. Free carbon allowances, calculated during the boom years of 2005-2007 when production was maxed out, were far too much to cover production during the resulting economic crisis. The sale of extra allowances provided many plants with a nice little earner and did little to encourage decarbonisation. Carbon capture is likely to require large amounts of electricity, but cheaper energy from renewables may help.

However, take a look at renewable energy stories in the Global Cement website news so far in 2025 and there are nearly 30 solar-related and seven wind-related ones. Cement companies are busily adding renewable capacity to reduce the cost of their electricity. This week, for example, Equator Energy commissioned a 10MW captive solar power plant at Mombasa Cement’s Vipingo plant in Kenya. Last week, Southern Province Cement in Saudi Arabia signed a 25-year solar energy power purchase agreement for its Bisha cement plant. Lest one forget, Saudi Arabia was the largest exporter of crude oil among Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) members in 2023 at 6,659,000 barrels/day. If a cement plant in Saudi Arabia is investing in renewables, then one might suspect a change in the global energy mix is occurring.

Electricity accounts for around 12% of the energy demand at a cement plant. Nearly two-thirds of that demand comes from either grinding raw materials or cement. Then, as mentioned above, carbon capture is expected to increase the demand for electricity. One estimate reckons it will increase electricity consumption by 50 - 120%. Renewables are expected to bring down the price of electricity but demand will also grow.

So… expect more renewable projects linked to cement plants.

Vietnam: Cement production reached 137Mt in the first nine months of 2025, marking a 15% year-on-year increase, according to data from the National Statistics Office (NSO).

In September 2025, output totalled 16.2Mt, up by 28% compared to the same month in 2024. The NSO’s revised figures show that Vietnam produced 184Mt of cement in 2024, a 3.5% increase year-on-year.

Argentina: Cement dispatches in September 2025 reached 0.92Mt, a 0.5% increase compared to September 2024 and up by 3% from August 2025, according to data from the AFCP. Domestic shipments in September 2025 totalled 0.92Mt, while exports amounted to 5166t. Cumulative cement deliveries from January to September 2025 reached 7.5Mt, representing a 7% increase compared to the same period in 2024.

Morocco: Cement deliveries reached 1.22Mt in September 2025, up by 12.5% year-on-year, according to figures reported by L’Economiste newspaper. Cumulative deliveries for the first nine months of the year stood at 10.9Mt, marking an 11% increase compared to the same period in 2024, data from the Ministry of Regional Planning, Urban Development, Housing, and Urban Policy showed.

The ministry said the results reflect ‘robust domestic demand, stimulated by major infrastructure projects, public housing programs, and the recovery of private investment in the real estate sector.’

Pakistan: Cement despatches, including both domestic despatches and exports, rose by 16% year-on-year to 12.2Mt in the first quarter of the 2026 financial year, up from 10.5Mt in the same period in 2024, according to data from the All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association (APCMA). Domestic sales grew by 15% to 9.57Mt, compared to 8.32Mt in 2024, while exports jumped by 21% to 2.59Mt, up from 2.14Mt.

On a monthly basis, dispatches surged by 31% in July and 13.5% in August 2025, before moderating to 7% growth in September 2025, when volumes reached 4.25Mt compared with 3.97Mt a year earlier. In September 2025, local sales rose by 14% to 3.42Mt, up from 2.99Mt in September 2024, while exports dropped by 15% to 0.83Mt, against 0.98Mt a year earlier.

Switzerland: Cement deliveries in the second quarter of 2025 reached 0.99Mt, an increase of 3% compared with the same period in 2024, according to Cemsuisse. The positive trend that began at the end of 2024 has reportedly continued, supported by low interest rates that have boosted construction activity.

The construction sector is expected to remain resilient over the coming quarters, allowing for positive forecasts for cement deliveries. Rail transport of cement, however, continued to decline, with just 35% of Swiss cement volumes shipped by train, down by 3% from the same quarter in 2024. This drop was attributed to the persistent deterioration of rail freight conditions. Meanwhile, low-clinker cements with reduced CO₂ emissions accounted for nearly 98% of all deliveries.

China: Data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China shows a 5% year-on-year decline in cement production in the first eight months of 2025, to 1.11Bnt. Production was 148Mt in August 2025, down by 6% year-on-year but up by 1% month-on-month. In the previous month, July 2025, the country produced its lowest monthly volume of cement since 2009, at 146Mt. Market research agency S&P Global has reported that the decline was due to reduced domestic demand, precipitated by a prolonged real estate sector downturn and sluggish infrastructure investment.

A representative of a local cement retail company reportedly said "We expect a similar trend in 2026, with full-year cement production likely declining by another 5 – 8% year-on-year."

US: Total shipments of Portland and blended cement, including imports, were an estimated 9.16Mt in June 2025, a 2% decrease from 9.40Mt in June 2024, according to the latest US Geological Survey data. Shipments for the first six months of 2025 reached 47.0Mt, down by 5.3% year-on-year. The leading cement-consuming states were, in descending order, Texas, California, Florida, Ohio, and Illinois, which together accounted for 38% of total shipments in June 2025.

Clinker production, excluding Puerto Rico, was estimated at 6.29Mt in June 2025, down by 2% from 6.40Mt in the same month of 2024. For the first half of 2025, clinker output reached 30.8Mt, an 8% decline from 33.6Mt in the same period of 2024. Cement and clinker imports, including those through the San Juan customs district in Puerto Rico, totalled 2.61Mt in June 2025, an 11% increase compared with June 2024. Imports for the year to June 2025 reached 12.4Mt.

Spain: Cement consumption rose by 8% year-on-year to 10.5Mt in the first eight months of 2025, an increase of 0.8Mt compared to the same period in 2024, according to data from the Spanish Cement Manufacturers Association (Oficemen). Growth accelerated over the summer, with July and August 2025 registering double-digit increases of 12% and 13%, to reach 1.52Mt and 1.17Mt respectively. July 2025 marked the highest monthly consumption since September 2011. In total, an additional 0.29Mt were consumed in July and August 2025 compared to the same period in 2024.

On a rolling annual basis, consumption reached 15.7Mt between September 2024 and August 2025, up by 9% year-on-year, equivalent to 1.31Mt more. Ricardo de Pablos, newly elected president of Oficemen, said “As we progressed before the summer, all indicators point to our performance this year being more positive than expected. In this context, in which sustainability and decarbonisation are major challenges, the improvement in our results, despite the difficulties the sector has experienced due to the impact of recent crises, contributes to continuing to advance toward our goal of net-zero emissions.”

Exports fell by 6% in the first eight months of 2025, totalling 3.06Mt, down by 0.18Mt from the same period in 2024. Oficemen noted a 20% decline in July 2025 exports that was only partially offset by 14% growth in August 2025. Imports continued to rise, up by 12% year-on-year to 1.11Mt of cement and clinker through August 2025, 0.12Mt more than in the same period in 2024.

Pakistan: Cement sales in September 2025 are projected to reach 3.9Mt, reflecting a 1% year-on-year decline but a 2% increase compared to August 2025, according to Pakistan Business News. Local cement shipments are expected to grow by 3% year-on-year to 3.08Mt, despite a 1% month-on-month fall. Analysts attributed the decline to ongoing flood impacts, though sales rebounded in the third week of September 2025.

Cement exports are forecast to fall by 15% year-on-year but rise by 11% month-on-month, with flood-related disruptions continuing to weigh on annual comparisons. For the first quarter of the 2026 financial year, total cement sales are projected to rise by 12% year-on-year, supported by a 10% increase in domestic sales and a 21% rise in exports. Capacity utilisation in September 2025 is estimated at 55%, the same as the same month in 2024 but slightly below the 56% recorded in 2023. Analysts continue to forecast 8% year-on-year growth in local shipments, underpinned by increased construction activity and a more relaxed monetary policy.