Displaying items by tag: Government
All the coal board’s men…
01 October 2014Energy costs for cement producers in India are set for volatility following the Supreme Court's decision this week to cancel the vast majority of allocated coal blocks. After ruling that the allocation process by the Indian government was illegal and arbitrary the court stopped 214 out of 218 coal blocks. The affected operators working on the blocks have six months until 31 March 2015 to wind down production. At this point the government intends to auction off the blocks.
The background to this decision lies in the so-called coal allocation scam or 'Coalgate.' Over 80% of coal in India is produced by the state owned company Coal India. Since 1993 though the Indian government has been allocating coal blocks or leases to mine coal for captive use by industries such as cement, steel and power generation.
However, the allocation process was accused of lacking transparency compared to an open bidding process. The Comptroller and Auditor General of India estimated the loss to the government was an incredible US$30bn. The allocation process received further scrutiny as Indian coal imports rose leading to accusations of inefficiency on the Coal India side and corruption on the coal block side. Meanwhile, major power cuts such as those in the summer of 2012 focused both domestic and industrial users' minds on the state of the country's coal industry.
Following the power cuts in 2012, an inter-ministerial panel recommended the de-allocation of two coal blocks held by five companies, including Gujarat Ambuja Cement, Grasim Industries and Lafarge India.
India's coal imports started to increase rapidly around 2009 with an annual growth rate of around 5% and a demand growth of 25% from 2009 – 2014. The majority of its imported coal comes from Indonesia, Australia and South Africa. In 2012 its coal imports were over 150Mt.
With Indian cement producers facing production overcapacity and falling profit margins in recent years, any disruption to input costs such as power is bad news. The growing import rates point to an increasing supply-demand mismatch. A more open process for the allocation of India's vast coal reserves should be good news for industrial users in the medium to long term. However, in the meantime they may face a jolt.
Himachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board orders Jaypee Cement to halt over-production
11 June 2014India: The Himachal Pradesh State Pollution Control Board (HPSPCB) has ordered Jaypee Cement to halt its over-production immediately, according to local media. In order to ensure that the directive is followed the board has asked the electricity provider to limit the power supply that is provided to the cement plant.
Vietnam: Larger cement producers in Vietnam have failed to build government mandated waste heat recovery (WHR) systems. Under Vietnam's cement industry development plan until 2020 with a vision towards 2030, all cement plants with a clinker production capacity of 2500t/day or above have to implement a WHR system to save at least 20% of their electricity consumption by 2015. However, local media has reported that only Holcim and Ha Tien 2 have invested in the technology. Other cement producers have been prevented from investing in their plants by high debt and poor local demand for cement.
Nguyen Quang Cung, chairman of the Vietnam Cement Association admitted to the delayed investment in the WHR systems. "However, there won't be an extension. The cement makers will be forced to implement this on time," said Quang Cung.
Nguyen Cong Minh Bao, director of Sustainable Development of Holcim Vietnam, which invested US$18m in a WHR system in 2012, said that Vietnam should not extend the deadline. According to Bao 60% of Chinese firms apply the system in China and WHR is an intrinsic component of any new project.
Holcim Vietnam's WHR system has an output capacity of 44MkWh/yr. It will be enough to serve the firm's Hon Chong Cement Factory for 88 days of operation, meaning Holcim Vietnam will save 9000t of coal and reduce 25,300t of CO2 per year.
Vietnam's cement sector is considered as one of the country's most energy-intensive industries. Under the third draft of the retail pricing scheme conducted by the state-run Electricity of Vietnam in 2013, steel and cement producers using power voltages of 110kV or higher during peak hour would pay 10% than the asking price for their normal power. Overall, the draft would dish out a power tariff hike of 2 - 16% to steel and cement producers.
Egypt: Minister of Trade and Industry Mounir Abdel Nour has announced that cement companies can start using coal from September 2014. He added that using coal will save 12.7Mm3/day of natural gas.
In a separate announcement, an official source at the Petroleum Ministry said that the amount of natural gas supplied to cement factories during January and February 2014 dropped by 35% from contracted levels. Total natural gas and mazut (heavy duty fuel oil) levels fell by 23% during the same period. During the second half of 2013 the amount of natural gas supplied fell by 17% from contracted levels with compensation from the use of mazut.
Unfair competition in Canada
05 February 2014On 31 January 2014, the Québec government announced that it would invest US$350m in a new US$1bn, 2.2Mt/yr cement plant and port facility, to be operated by McInnis Cement at Port-Daniel. To say that this has prompted outrage in the industry is an understatement. Rival cement producers, including Lafarge and Ciments Québec have been unanimous in condemning the funding, which they see as an unjustified affront to fair competition in the province's cement industry. There was an angry response on the Global Cement LinkedIn Group, with dissatisfaction on a number of levels.
Firstly, established manufacturers highlight that the Québec cement market is in a slump, with 100-150 members of Métallos, the United Steelworkers union, currently on rolling temporary furloughs at any one time. There is over-capacity as it is. How will another cement plant help this situation? One contributor to the Global Cement LinkedIn Group said that the funding was like, "Taking the money I pay as taxes to break my legs." Another said, "Imagine our tax dollars heavily subsidising our direct competitor - totally unacceptable!"
Secondly, the government will have a direct interest in the cement industry, diverting public funds to a sector that (in the West) is traditionally left to its own devices. What does the government have to gain from this move? Well, there are suggestions that the awarding of future government cement and concrete contracts can no longer be fair due to the rather obvious conflict of interest. Could the government effectively award contracts to itself? Arguments from the government and McInnis that its distribution will be outside the areas served by the other plants don't seem to wash with the established producers.
Thirdly, there are fingers pointed at the Gaspasia paper mill project, a failed government-funded installation that was not established in the 1990s at a cost to the taxpayer of US$300m. It is unlikely that any of the parties involved would like to see a repeat at Port-Daniel.
Finally, the Canadian government appears to have turned its back on its own 'Wood First' policy, signed in April 2013, which stated that wood should be preferred in construction over cement and steel due to environmental concerns over embodied CO2. At the time Canadian cement manufacturers were at pains to point out that cement and concrete constructions were actually sustainable in comparison to many other building materials, especially with repect to long-term use and minimisation of energy consumed during a building's lifespan. At worst this seems to be a government U-turn but it could yet get more ugly. Now, with funding for new cement capacity, Québec appears to have 'listened' to the cement producers. How long before some cynics point to this change as evidence that the government wanted McInnis Cement to happen all along?
Whether a gross miscalculation or a deliberate ploy by the government, the McInnis Cement saga will not be going away. Ciments Québec and Lafarge will line up to fight the decision and, in litigation-heavy North America, this story could run and run.
Competition regulator recommends Naikuni removal from East Africa Portland Cement Company
05 February 2014Kenya: The Competition Authority of Kenya (CAK) has recommended that Titus Naikuni stops chairing the Technical Committee of the East Africa Portland Cement Company (EAPCC) board, citing the risk that his position poses to the firm's strategic leadership in light of the fact that he represents Lafarge, which has a controlling stake in the rival Bamburi Cement.
The competition watchdog says that Lafarge's two board seats and control of strategic committees at the EAPCC amounts to anti-competitive behaviour that needs to be reviewed. Naikuni chairs the Technical Committee of the Portland board while lawyer Hamish Keith, another representative of Lafarge, is the chair of the Tender and Procurement Oversight Committee.
The authority has concluded that Lafarge's sizeable shareholding in Kenya's leading cement makers, Bamburi and the EAPCC gives it control of more than half of Kenya's cement market and amounts to monopolistic behaviour and undue concentration of economic power.
"The authority was of the view that this high market share and directorship of Lafarge in key strategic committees (tender and procurement and technical committees) at EAPCC exhibited features of unwarranted concentration of economic power," said the CAK in its 2013 annual report. The regulator made the recommendation in response to Industrialisation principal secretary Wilson Songa's December petition over Lafarge's dominance of Kenya's cement market that is linked to the French firm's multiple ownership of cement makers and its representation on Bamburi and EAPCC boards.
The move follows Songa's previous attempt to investigate directors at the EAPCC following a chaotic annual general meeting in late 2013.
East African Portland Cement Company asks Kenyan government to renew CEO Kephar Tande
02 October 2013Kenya: The East African Portland Cement Company (EAPCC) has asked the Kenyan government to renew the term of its CEO, Kephar Tande, whose current three year term is set to end in October 2013. Tande's re-appointment presents a test to the new Kenyan government, elected in March 2013, which may follow its predecessors and attempt to influence the composition of the cement producer's management board.
"The board is satisfied with Tande's work and we have asked the Cabinet secretary to offer him another term," said the chairman of EAPCC, Mark ole Karbolo, in an interview with Kenyan newspaper Business Daily. He added that the EAPCC will announce a profit of nearly US$12m for the year ending June 2013.
In 2012 the government unsuccessfully attempted to oust eight EAPCC directors including the chief executive, accusing them of poor governance. The directors, including Karbolo, Kenya Airways CEO Titus Naikuni and lawyer Hamish Keith, moved to court to block the move following the state's directive to disband the cement maker's board. The court reinstated them in a legal battle that also saw former President Kibaki's appointment of Karbolo's replacement revoked.
MPA calls for UK government to ‘Cement the Future’
23 September 2013UK: The Mineral Products Association (MPA) today, which promotes the interests of the cement industry in the UK, has today launched a landmark document for the UK cement industry, 'Cementing the Future – Sustaining an Essential British Industry'. The new publication sets out to explain the importance of cement and concrete to the UK economy and society and draws attention to the vulnerability of the industry to overseas competition unless the government acts to create a level playing field in terms of the cost of regulation and unilateral 'green taxes' that overseas competitors do not face.
"Cement is a key constituent in concrete, the most widely used man made substance on the planet , and underpins our economy and everyday life," said Dr Pal Chana, Executive Director of the MPA. "Our shops, factories, offices, homes, schools, hospitals and much more all depend on this critical material yet the industry is struggling to compete in the face of ever increasing costs, some of which are centrally imposed by government. Our strategic significance to the economy cannot be overstated."
"The government's own economic growth plans are predicated on a substantial increase in the construction of infrastructure and housing and cement and concrete are going to be needed for both," continued Chana. "We cannot allow the supply of this essential material to be left to the vagaries of the international trading markets, especially not when we have a deep rooted industry here in the UK with factories in mainly rural locations providing much needed jobs."
'Cementing the Future' calls on the government to: recognise the industry's strategic significance and potential to generate economic growth; acknowledge the industry's role in delivering a low-carbon future for the UK; deliver an economic climate of investment security and reduce regulatory uncertainty in the industry; reduce the cumulative cost burden on the industry and; lift unilateral green taxes. In return, the industry will deliver: a secure supply of quality-assured cement made in the UK; commitment to the UK government's infrastructure and built environment programme; continued investment in the future of a healthy domestic cement industry; sustained employment at our network of UK cement plants and the supporting supply chain and; a planned reduction of 81% in greenhouse gases as detailed in our Carbon Roadmap to 2050.
"The UK cement industry has provided an essential material for the built environment for over 100 years. Working with government, we can continue to make a vital contribution to development and cement the future of an essential British industry", concluded Chana.
President approves creation of Belarusian Cement Corporation
19 August 2013Belarus: President Alyaksandr Lukashenka has approved the creation a new cement company, the Belarusian Cement Corporation. The new holding company is expected to control three cement manufacturers: Belarusian Cement Plant in Kastsyukovichy, Mahilyow region, Krasnaselskbudmateryyaly in Vawkavysk, Hrodna region, and Krychawtsementnashyfer in the Mahilyow region, as well as a transport and logistics company.
The Belarusian Cement Corporation is to be established in 2014 and attract a strategic investor in 2015. The establishment of the corporation is intended to decrease production costs, increase profits and raise exports. After project capacity is achieved in 2015, the company will have a cement production capacity of 9.5Mt/yr.
Ethiopia overestimates cement demand in 2012 - 2013
13 August 2013Ethiopia: Ethiopia has produced 12Mt of cement, double its domestic demand, in the fiscal year that ended on 7 July 2013, according to a report released by Ministry of Industry (MoI). The country's current domestic demand for cement is estimated to be around 5.4Mt/yr.
The government expected a significant rise in cement demand in its Growth & Transformation Plan (GTP) that plans for per capita consumption of cement to increase from 35kg to 300kg. It had predicted that the demand would grow to 27Mt/yr, exceeding the 12Mt/yr cement production capacity of the country's 18 plants in the 2014 – 2015 fiscal year.