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One of the surprises from the recent round of half-year results has been HeidelbergCement’s struggle to grow its sales so far in 2017. Part of this has been down to a variable market in Indonesia where the German cement producer runs the second largest player, Indocement.

Cement consumption for the country as a whole dropped by 1.3% year-on-year to 29Mt in the first half of the year, according to Indonesian Cement Association figures. This appears to be due to a particularly poor month in June 2017 where local consumption fell by 27% to 3.7Mt. Prior to that, consumption was actually showing 4% growth up until the end of May.

Fairly reasonably HeidelbergCement blamed the decline in part on this year’s timing of Ramadan. Unfortunately this could not explain everything, as its total sales volumes including exports fell by 2.4%. Remove the exports and its sales volumes fell by 4.4%, more than the national average. It said this was due to its concentration in weaker markets in Jakarta, Banten, and West Java where competition pressures had forced prices down ‘significantly.’

They weren’t alone in feeling the pain in June 2017 with both Semen Indonesia and LafargeHolcim reporting reduced sales. However, LafargeHolcim also raised the issue of production overcapacity creating increased sales volumes and pushing down prices. This was reflected in lower earnings for its Asia Pacific division. HeidelbergCement too saw its earnings crumble.

Graph 1: Cement production capacity and consumption. Source: Semen Indonesia investor presentation, March 2017.

Graph 1 shows quite nicely the fix the Indonesian cement market is in at present. Consumption surpassed production capacity in the early 2010 before incoming capacity jumped ahead again around 2013. You can also view Global Cement’s version of this graph here. Even at an optimistic annual growth rate of 8%, consumption won’t get close to capacity until 2020. Yet before the market collapsed in June, consumption was growing at 4%, which is the weakest of Semen Indonesia’s growth scenarios.

Admittedly the graph is in an investor document so we can forgive ebullience but they are going to need a magic bullet to dodge this one. Lucky then that the graph also has infrastructure highlighted. The cement producer says that the Indonesian government earmarked US$26bn for infrastructure spending in 2017 and that this spending campaign can be seen in the changing ratio of bulk to bagged cement it has been selling. Independent of Semen Indonesia, the Fitch credit rating agency was also predicting rising consumption off the back of infrastructure plans in a report it put out in June.

However, as more cement plants are being built, cement plant utilisation rates seem destined to stay subdued for the foreseeable future unless the government seriously ups its infrastructure investment or unless the economy goes into overdrive. Unsurprisingly exports have shot up so far in 2016, by 74% to 1.14Mt. Cement producers in neighbouring countries beware!

Nigeria: Brian Egan has been appointed as an executive director to the board of Dangote Cement. Currently the company’s Chief Financial Officer, he has worked for the cement producer since 2014. Previous to this he worked as the executive director and chief financial officer of Petropavlovsk and of Aricom. He has also held senior finance positions at Gloria Jeans Corporation, Georgia – Pacific Ireland and Coca-Cola HBC-Russia. He trained with KPMG and is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland.

India: Manoj Agarwal has resigned as the company secretary and compliance officer of Star Cement, with effect from 2 August 2017. His successor is Debabrata Thakurta, a member of the Institute of Company Secretaries of India.

Japan: Taiheiyo Cement has announced its summary financial results for the first quarter of its 2017-2018 fiscal year, which ended on 30 June 2017. During the quarter the group took US$1.82bn in revenue, leading to an operating profit of US$80.5m and a net profit of US$42.1m.

The group forecast that it would see revenues of US$7.76bn for the fiscal year ending 31 March 2018, with a net profit of US$318.5m.

Belarus: Construction Minister Anatol Chorny expects that Belarus will export 0.3 - 0.4Mt of cement to Ukraine in 2017 and to then increase cement exports to that country to 1Mt in 2018. Speaking in Minsk, Chorny was responding to ‘efforts’ by the Association of Cement Producers of Ukraine and certain high-ranking Ukrainian government officials that had earlier tried to ‘force’ Belarusian producers out of the Ukrainian market, by accusing them of providing false quality certificates. The dispute has since been settled.

Belarusian exports of building materials rose by 29% year-on-year between 1 January 2017 and 31 July 2017, noted Chorny, adding “We managed to reduce production costs and therefore the profitability of sales increased by 25-30%.”

Italy: Italcementi, part of Germany’s HeidelbergCement, has said that charges brought by Italy's antitrust authority are unfounded and it would appeal against the sanction at the Lazio court. Italcementi, along with other leading cement producers, is accused by the regulator of allegedly breaching competition rules for the period from June 2011 to January 2016.

In particular, Italcementi has said that it believes that the commercial decisions taken by the previous management to propose nominal price increases to its customers were dictated by autonomous, solid and logical business motives.

Italcementi also considers that the Euro84m fine, one of the highest ever imposed by the authority, is completely disproportionate to the turnover generated by the company in Italy.

Saudi Arabia: Cement sales of companies operating in Saudi Arabia recorded an increase of 11.5% in July 2017. Sales rose to 3.49Mt in July 2017, compared to 3.13Mt during July 2016. Cement production in Saudi Arabia grew by 5% year-on-year to 3.37Mt in July 2017 from 3.2Mt, according to Yamama Cement Company.

Southern Province Cement topped the sales list with 409,000t sold in July 2017, although this was 5.32% less than the 432,000t that it sold in July 2016. Yamama Cement was the second most prolific seller, with a year-on-year sales growth of 17.5% to 369,000t from 314,000t in July 2016. Meanwhile, Tabuk Cement registered the lowest sales of 61,000t in July 2017, a 17.6% fall from 74,000t in the year-ago period.

In June 2017 cement companies’ sales in Saudi Arabia dropped by 40.6% year-on-year to 2.08Mt from 3.5Mt in June 2016. This is likely due to the earlier timing of Ramadan combined with temperatures of up to 45°C (113°F), both of which will have significantly reduced demand for building materials.

Vietnam: Thailand’s Siam City Cement Group wants to expand investment in the production and supply of construction materials and waste treatment in Vietnam’s southern Dong Nai Province, according to its local CEO Philippe Richart.

At a working session with the provincial People’s Committee in Dong Nai on 8 August 2017, Richart noted that the group has invested in the former Holcim cement plant in Nhon Trach district and will expand the plant in the future. He added that the company will also invest in an industrial dry mortar plant and a transit station for construction materials in Dong Nai. It is also focusing on waste treatment, he said, adding that the group is using the latest technologies in this field.

Vice Chairman of the provincial People’s Committee Nguyen Quoc Hung cited a number of key projects being carried out in the locality such as major expressway projects and the Long Thanh airport, which will be launched in 2019. It is expected that cement demand will increase significantly in the local area due to these and smaller developments.

Australia: James Hardie has announced its financial results for the quarter ended 30 June 2017. The group’s adjusted net operating profit was US$61.7m, a decrease of 7% compared to the same period of 2016. Group adjusted earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) came to US$88.3m, a fall of 10% year-on-year, although net sales rose by 6% year-on-year to US$507.7m. James Hardie’s North American fibre cement segment saw its sales volume increase by 2% year-on-year, with nets sales up by 6% to US393.1m.

Group CEO Louis Gries said, "Our North America fibre cement segment results reflect top line growth of 6%, including volume growth below our market index. Additionally, manufacturing inefficiencies and production costs led to a decrease in EBIT margin of 5.2 percentage points compared to the prior corresponding period. Within our international fibre cement business, net sales increased 8% due to volume increases in our Asia Pacific market, and EBIT increased by 10%, driven by the strong performance of our Australian and New Zealand businesses."

Belarus: The construction ministry has asked Alyaksandr Lukashenka to provide a fresh portion of government aid to Belarus’ three cement plants. Minister Anatol Chorny confirmed this on 7 August 2017, adding that the government was also considering selling stakes in the companies to investors that ‘could take over the financial burden.’ Chorny explained that the companies were struggling because of the need to pay off massive loans taken out to cover modernisation projects several years ago.