Displaying items by tag: PPC

Lots to mull over in LafargeHolcim’s third quarter results this week. Not least that the new guy is now in charge. Former Sika boss Jan Jenisch took over officially in September 2017. In his first financial statement, he said that the results did not represent the company’s ‘full potential.’ He then said that he had hit the reboot button to reset the group’s expectations to reflect the current market.

The group’s forecast for cement demand globally remains at an increase by 1 – 3% on average for 2017. This is no change from LafargeHolcim’s forecast in mid-2017. What has changed though is the anticipated growth in operating earnings in 2017 revised down to 5 – 7% year-on-year from 10% or higher. Expected measures of earnings per share and leverage have also been reduced. Underpinning this is a change to some of the volume and pricing assumptions for 2018. The group also said it was conducting a business review, including country strategies and a focus on simplification, cost discipline and performance management.

As any IT manager will tell you, when you have a problem with a computer you reboot the machine in the first instance as an easy fix. Jenisch’s version of this strategy will hopefully buy him some time to try and take charge of the company.

Previous chief executive officer (CEO) Eric Olsen was doing similar things since the formation of LafargeHolcim in 2015 to downsize the company into profitability whilst coping with too much cement production capacity worldwide. However, the on going Syria legal investigation forced the company to publicly accept some level of wrongdoing and it cost Olsen his job despite him having zero involvement or even knowledge of the affair. Meanwhile, rumours of continued boardroom clashes between major shareholders that have existed since even before the formation of the company resurfaced with the announcement in mid-October 2017 that chief financial officer (CFO) Ron Wirahadiraksa was leaving after less than two years in the role. As this column noted in May 2017 Jenisch might be exactly the right man for this particular job given his battles at Sika with that company’s controlling family’s wish to sell its stake and majority voting rights to Saint-Gobain.

Moving on, the group’s cement market outlook makes for sobering reading with growth above 2% only expected for Latin America and Asia Pacific regions in 2017. Even North America, the great white hope of cement industry growth in recent years, only has a forecast of 0 - 2%. Actual cement sales volumes in this region fell by 1.6% to 5.9Mt on a like-for-like basis so far in 2017 due to hurricanes and other bad weather events, with ‘cautious’ private and public investment giving an effect too. Incidentally, the Portland Cement Association (PCA) downgraded its assessment of US growth this week too in its latest forecast. Worse still the Middle East Africa region is expected to drop by 2 – 4% due to poor economies in various local markets, notably in Algeria and Egypt. All of this pretty much fits the like-for-like growth of cement sales of 1.8% to 156Mt in the first nine months of 2017 that LafargeHolcim has reported. The surprise though is that Latin America is growing despite on-going problems in Brazil.

This then leaves the surprise message on the same day as the third quarter results release that LafargeHolcim is in talks with the board of South Africa’s PPC. Buying a major African cement producer like PPC doesn’t quite sit with the image of a company whittling itself down into profitability. Instead, it gives the impression that LafargeHolcim wants to dominate the African market ahead of the anticipated demographic cement consumption wave. PPC for its part, after flirtations with other bidders such as Dangote Cement, may simply be trying to raise its price in a bidding war.

Boardroom battles, sluggish global cement consumption, the Syrian legal probe, potential expansion plans in Sub-Saharan Africa and efficiency drives. And these are just the issues we know about! Jan Jenisch has a lot on his plate whatever happens next. Let’s just hope that when the reboot process finishes he doesn’t find himself looking at the construction company version of the ‘blue screen of death.’

There have been sounds of discontent coming out of South Africa this week, as AfriSam and PPC continue to (apparently) fail to come to an agreement on the terms of their long-discussed proposed merger. The pair have formally been in discussion since February 2017 but the situation now looks precarious. AfriSam has cancelled the heads of terms that had stood since that month. PPC has now hit back by giving AfriSam until this Friday (1 September 2017) to come up with a new and ‘sufficiently interesting’ deal for it and its shareholders. AfriSam’s acting Chief Executive Rob Wessels said, "AfriSam remains firm that a transaction between AfriSam and PPC will greatly benefit the stakeholders of both companies.” However, PPC’s chairperson Peter Nelson said that his shareholders were ‘frightened about the prospect’ of the merger.

If you think all of this to-and-fro sounds a bit familiar, that’s because it should. AfriSam and PPC have been courting not just since February 2017, but since December 2014. At that time, following the surprise resignation of CEO Ketso Gordhan, discussions lasted until the end of March 2015 before fizzling out. PPC’s (then) new CEO Daryll Castle confirmed that neither party could agree on terms. The two parties were also able to save some face by pointing out that the merged entity would have had around 60% of all South African cement capacity. While this is a pretty big potential stumbling block, it would been pretty obvious before discussions started and is by no means insurmountable. One gets the feeling that, given more enthusiastic partners, the discussions might have found a way forward.

At the time PPC and AfriSam played their cards close to their chests and we can’t be sure quite why the discussions really broke down. However, regardless of what happened last time, there do appear to be a lot of parallels with the current situation.

Firstly, PPC is, once again, in a state of transition. CEO Darryll Castle announced in July 2017 that he would be leaving to ‘pursue other interests,’ although neither an exact departure date nor destination was provided. Johan Claassen, the current managing director of PPC, has been appointed to the role, but only on an interim basis, presumably in anticipation for the expected merger. Other positions in the group’s executive team were reshuffled in the past couple of weeks and there was also the resignation of Tito Mboweni, a non-executive director, rumoured to be over a difference of opinion regarding the merger. On top of this, AfriSam’s CEO Wessels is also on a short-term contract. Could all of these pre-merger moves now be in vain?

Secondly, PPC continues to suffer from a combination of a poor domestic construction market and increasing competition and from imports coming in from rampantly over-productive markets across the Indian Ocean. Arguably both of these effects are now worse than they were in 2015, although PPC did recently say that the second quarter of 2017 had been a lot better across South Africa than the first. However, PPC saw its full-year earnings collapse by 93% year-on-year in the first quarter of 2017, after it was awarded ‘junk’ status in May 2016 by credit-rating agencies. Is it this result alone that has gotten AfriSam thinking? Despite this, PPC remains the larger of the two parties. It certainly wants to be seen to be calling the shots with its 1 September ultimatum.

However, the two producers now share less than 50% of the integrated cement capacity in South Africa, not 60% as in 2015. According to the Global Cement Directory 2017 they share around 7.8Mt/yr of integrated capacity against 8Mt/yr in the hands of others. This is due to the commissioning of the monster 3.5Mt/yr Anganang clinker plant and associated Delmas grinding plant by Sephaku Cement (Dangote Cement) and the full commissioning of Mamba Cement, part of Jidong Development. Could this smaller combined market share make it easier for PPC and AfriSam to identify those assets that can be sold to appease the competition authorities? Could this yet save the discussions?

Whatever happens after Friday, it is apparent that some form of consolidation is essential for PPC (and the wider southern African market) if the industry is to ‘right-size’ for the future. The region is awash with cement. News from PPC Zimbabwe this week even hinted that the effects of imports are now so strong in that country that it is considering shutting down clinker production at its Colleen Bawn plant, which has operated for more than 70 years. This effect is in play all the way down the coast from the Horn of Africa to Capetown and has been discussed previously with reference to Kenya, Tanzania and Mozambique.

Even if it doesn’t get the ‘right answer’ from AfriSam this week, PPC may still stand to gain from the merger, even if it’s only in the short term. In March 2015 its shares jumped up 5% on the news that the merger talks had collapsed. Given its recent performance, another 5% boost would probably not be turned down.

South Africa: PPC has appointed Njombo Lekula as the managing director of its Sothern Africa Cement division. The appointment is part of a number of changes to the cement producer’s executive team that have been announced in an operational update for its first financial quarter that ended on 30 June 2017. Mokate Ramafoko has also been appointed as the managing director of the Rest of Africa Cement division and Matodzi Mukwevho has been appointed as the group executive finance and business support officer in support of the chief finance officer.

Previously, Lekula was the managing director for PPC Zimbabwe following his appointment in 2013. An engineer by profession he studied chemical engineering and holds a Masters in Business Administration from the University of Stellenbosch Business School.

Ramafoko holds over 23 years of experience in the cement in the cement manufacturing, quality assurance and cement process optimisation industries. He has held various leadership positions in PPC, including working for Cimerwa in Rwanda, as well positions with Holcim South Africa. He holds a Master’s degree in Business Administration, a BSc and BSc (Hons) Metallurgy.

Mukwevho has held various positions including that of chief finance officer (CFO) at Sasol International Energy responsible for South Africa, Nigeria, Qatar, India and Uzbekistan. He also held the position of CFO at Sasol Polymers in South Africa, Iran, Malaysia, China, Hong Kong and UAE. Matodzi holds a Master’s of Business Administration and is a chartered accountant.

South Africa: PPC has announced that its CEO Darryll Castle will be stepping down to pursue other interests. In a statement PPC said that Castle will remain ‘available’ to the group for six months to ensure a smooth handover. Johan Claassen, the current managing director of PPC, has been appointed as the interim CEO.

PPC reported a 93% fall in full-year earnings in June 2017 due to a liquidity crisis precipitated by the cut in its credit rating to junk status.

Meanwhile, the resignation of Tito Mboweni, one of PPC’s independent non-executive directors has fuelled speculation in the South African press about the ongoing merger discussions between PPC and Afrisam. Some believe that there may be ‘irreconcilable disagreement’ between Mboweni and the wider board about the strategic direction of PPC with respect to Afrisam.

South Africa: AfriSam is preparing to replace its chief executive officer (CEO) to aid its merger discussions with PPC. Rob Wessels, a former chief investment officer at AfriSam’s black empowerment partner Phembani Group, is set to replace current Stephan Olivier on a short-term contract, according to sources quoted by Boomberg. The personnel manoeuvring would also potentially place PPC’s current CEO Darryll Castle in a strong position to become the merged company’s new leader. PPC and AfriSam announced that they had resumed merger talks in February 2017 after a previous attempt stalled in 2015.

The merger between South Africa’s larger cement producers, PPC and AfriSam, is back on this week. PPC issued a statement advising its shareholders that the board of directors of both companies were about to enter formal talks to thrash out a potential deal. Issues such as the merger ratio, black economic empowerment and local competition concerns are all on the agenda.

The resumption of merger talks follows the cancellation of the previous round in mid-2015. No reason for the breakdown was publicly released but possible factors may have included the fallout at PPC from the resignation of its chief executive officer (CEO) Ketso Gordhan and competition concerns. Given the investigations by the South African Competition Commission from around 2008 to 2012 these may have been very real concerns. At this time the two companies held about a 60% share of the country’s cement production capacity.

Events have changed since then with the opening and ramp-up of Sephaku Cement’s cement plant at Aganang and its grinding plant at Delmas since late 2014. Today, PPC and AfriSam control just under 50% of the cement production capacity in South Africa and PPC’s current CEO Daryll Castle remains in post since early 2014. What a difference a year or so can make.

PPC moved its financial year end from September to March in 2016 making it hard to compare like with like. However, its revenue appears to have grown by 10% year-on-year to US$396m for the six months to 30 September 2016. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA), a measure of operating performance, fell by 7.5% to US$80m at the same time. Since then PPC notified markets with a trading statement saying that its sales volumes in South Africa had risen by 4% in the nine months to the end of December 2016 but that its prices had fallen by 4%. It also noted that its local cement sales volumes declined marginally when compared to the same quarter in the previous year, with the exception of the Western Cape region.

PPC also has various projects underway in sub-Saharan Africa, including plant builds in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Ethiopia. Of note to any potential merger with AfriSam are its plans to build a new 3000t/day production line at its Slurry plant in Lichtenburg. The project was reported 54% complete in early February 2017 with first clinker production scheduled for the first half of 2018. CBMI Construction, a subsidiary of China’s Sinoma, is the main contractor for the upgrade project. Once complete the new line will add about 1Mt/yr to the plant’s cement production capacity. One implication of this project is that it will push PPC and AfriSam’s market share over 50% that may have consequences with the local competition body.

For its part AfriSam appears to be suffering financial problems according to local press. The Public Investment Corporation (PIC), a government investment body, revealed in late 2016 that it had invested over US$100m in the cement producer since 2008. The PIC holds a controlling share of AfriSam with a 66% stake in the group. Other than this, solid facts about the state of AfriSam’s business are thin on the ground. However, competition in South Africa’s cement sector has certainly increased in recent years both within and without, from the import market.

As this column has said a few times merger and acquisitions seem to be the way to go for cement producers in weak markets. However, as annual results from Cementir and HeidelbergCement show this week, the initial boost from new asset and business purchases may not be so rosy when viewed in a pro-forma basis or when taking into account new units’ past performance. A lot here rides on these companies being able to take advantage of synergy effects and to make crucial savings. The big example of this in the global cement sector is LafargeHolcim. It will announce its financial results for 2016 on 2 March 2017. It also operates a cement plant in South Africa and the results may have implications for the PPC and AfriSam merger.

In other news, the European Union parliament has voted today, on 15 February 2017, to amend its Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) in line with a proposal made by the European Commission. This is unlikely to impress the environmental lobby or users of secondary cementitious materials in cement production, amongst other parties. More on this topic next week.

Rwanda: Bheki Mthembu has been appointed the chief executive officer of Cimerwa, PPC’s subsidiary in the country. Mthembu has been in post since December 2016, according to the Business Day newspaper. Mthembu holds a degree in chemistry from the University of KwaZulu-Natal. He has worked for PPC since 1995.

South Africa: PPC has appointed Peter Nelson as its permanent board chairman following his interim tenure in the role following the retirement of Bheki Sibiya. The appointment took affect from 24 October 2016. Other recent appointments include the proposal to elect Nicky Goldin as the third member of the audit committee following the retirement of Bridgette Modise and the appointment of Timothy Leaf-Wright as chairman of the risk and compliance committee with immediate effect

Nelson was appointed to the board as an independent non-executive director on 25 January 2015. His experience covers manufacturing, mining, telecommunications, healthcare, leisure, property, packaging and the motor industry in listed and private entities in South Africa, the UK, Zimbabwe and Nigeria. He has served as chief financial officer on several boards including Telkom, Netcare, Mondi and he was the financial director of PPC from 2000 to 2003.

Goldin was appointed to the board as an independent non-executive director in January 2015 and currently serves on the Remuneration and
Investment sub-committees of the board. She holds a B.Com (Hons) from the University of the Witwatersrand and obtained an MBA from the University of Illinois. She has held senior positions at Deloitte Consulting, BHP Billiton, Anglo American, Standard Bank and ANZ Bank (Australia).

Leaf-Wright is a chartered secretary and was appointed to the board as an independent non-executive director in January 2015. He currently serves as a member of the risk and compliance, social, ethics and transformation and investment committees. His career with Nampak Limited spanned 41 years prior to early retirement in 2014. During the last 11 years, he was seconded to Mozambique, Nigeria and Angola to spearhead negotiations and subsequently construction and managing of both brown and greenfield plants in those countries.

News from the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) this week: Lucky Cement has nearly finished its new 1.2Mt/yr cement plant. The US$270m project is due to start commercial operation in October 2016, according to a report by Bloomberg. The news is fascinating because it marks the opening up of central sub-Saharan Africa to the cement industry and it puts the boots of Pakistan’s Lucky Cement on the African continent in a big way.

The Nyumba Ya Akiba plant is a 50:50 joint venture between Lucky Cement and a local conglomerate Groupe Rawji, with financing supplied from a group of international development agencies. Originally proposed in 2013 the plant is located in Kongo Central province in the far west of the country between Kinshasa and the port of Matadi near to the connecting main road and railway line. The kit for the plant was ordered from FLSmidth in 2014 for Euro68m, including crushers, pyro processing equipment and vertical mills for raw meal, coal and cement grinding. An overview from the International Finance Corporation also added that the plant intended to cut a deal to import South African coal via the railway from the coast. Limestone and clay will come from a captive quarry. Incidentally, FLSmidth reckoned in 2015 that the project was the first new cement plant in the country in 40 years.

From Lucky Cement’s perspective the project makes sense given the bad reaction it has had trying to import its cement into western and southern Africa. Local producers recoiled from cheap imports along the coast and then lobbied their governments to block them. So, putting down manufacturing roots in a target country with a local partner makes it that much harder to block additional imports. It may or may not be importing its own clinker from somewhere else to supplement local demand but it is definitely providing local jobs and supporting local development. Lucky Cement’s previous international adventure of this kind was the opening of a cement grinding plant in Iraq in 2014.

Naturally, like buses, one waits ages for a cement plant to be built and then two turn up at the same time. South Africa’s PPC is also building an integrated cement plant in the DRC at Kimpese, in the same province as Lucky Cement’s plant. PPC’s half year report to March 2016, released in September 2016, mentioned that its 1Mt/yr plant was 83% complete with all civic and structural work complete. Commissioning was intended for the end of 2016 with cement ready for sale in early 2017. It is being built by Sinoma. The cement producer already has a sales depot in Kinshasa and it exports 32.5N and 42.5N cement from South Africa to the territory. Given PPC’s falling revenues from cement in South Africa and growing revenue elsewhere in Africa the opening of this plant will be keenly awaited.

The local demographics may answer whether the DRC can support two new cement plants. The country’s cement consumption was just 24kg/capita with a gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of US$490 in 2015. These are some of the smallest figures in the world. A feasibility study ahead of the Nyumba Ya Akiba plant estimated that the country would have a demand of 1.8Mt/yr by 2015 compared to a local production capacity of under 1Mt/yr. Nature, and markets, abhor a vacuum. Lucky Cement and PPC are about to fill it.

Kenya: ARM Cement has appointed John Ngumi, Pepe Meijer and Ketso Gordhan as non-executive directors of the company. They replace Atul Mathur, Michael Turner and Daniel Ndonye, who have resigned as directors following an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders held on 26 August 2016.

John Ngumi holds a BA degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics from the University of Oxford, UK. He started his banking career at National Westminster Bank, London and has since worked variously for Grindlays Bank, Barclays Bank, Citibank and CfC Stanbic Bank/Standard Bank of South Africa. In between he also co-founded one of Africa's first indigenous investment banking groups, Loita Capital Partners. Ngumi left CfC Stanbic Bank in 2015 upon his appointment by President Uhuru Kenyatta as non executive chair of the Board of Directors, Kenya Pipeline Company Limited.

Pepe Meijer is a Commonwealth Development Corporation (CDC) Advisor and former Managing director for PPC International up-to November 2015. During his PPC tenure Meijer also held various Executive, General, Senior and Middle management positions across PPC’s cement operations that spanned over 28 years. Prior to joining PPC, he worked in the gold mining industry as section engineer and in the fishing/processing /frozen-food industry as group projects manager.

Ketso Gordhan joined CDC in April 2016 as the Head of Africa. He previously spent several years as Chief Executive Officer of PPC Cement, South Africa’s largest cement company. At PPC, Gordhan led the expansion of the company into sub-Saharan Africa, helping build the footprint outside South Africa into Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, Ethiopia and Zimbabwe. Before PPC, Gordhan spent almost 10 years leading RMB’s private equity business. He has also held a number of public sector roles, including City Manager of Johannesburg and Director General of the Ministry of Transport, where he led major infrastructure projects, such as the South Africa’s N4 Toll Road.