Displaying items by tag: Plant

Rwanda’s newest cement grinding plant is set to start commissioning at a great time. Last week Milbridge Group subsidiary Prime Cement said that its 0.6Mt/yr grinding plant in Musanze, Northern Province was preparing to start up in August 2020. This week the main local producer, Cimerwa, announced that it was setting standardised cement prices in an attempt to control speculation in the market following a shortage. According to local press, spikes in prices have been caused by an urgent supply tender from the Ministry of Education, which has started a large-scale project to build over 20,000 classrooms. Prime Cement is unlikely to make a difference to this particular shortage but its timing is spot on.

Graph 1: Cement production capacity/population of East African countries. Source: Global Cement Magazine & Global Cement Directory 2020.

Cement price surges in land-locked African countries crying out for construction materials are not new but it’s always illuminating to review how the situation is changing. Rwanda’s sole 0.6Mt/yr integrated plant is run by Cimerwa, a subsidiary of South Africa-based PPC, near Bugarama in the south-west of the country, close to the borders with Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Burundi. The new grinding plant is located in the north-west near the borders with DRC and Uganda. It will join another grinding plant run by Kenya’s ARM Cement at Kigali.

PPC’s operation in Rwanda has performed well in comparison to a poor market back home in South Africa. For its financial half year to September 2019 Cimerwa reported revenue growth of 28% year-on-year to US$31.2m due to a 20% increase in sales volumes. Earnings rose even more in percentage terms due to higher volumes and an improved cost per tonne performance, likely due to a debottlenecking project. More recently, PPC said that its operations in Rwanda were disrupted in April 2020 due to a coronavirus lockdown that started in late March 2020. It partially resumed operations in the second half of April 2020 with cement sales volumes for the month expected to be 15 - 20% of those in April 2019. The other point of note is that the Rwandan government was trying to sell its minority share in Cimerwa in mid-2019 but nothing has been publicly announced since then. However, Cimerwa was reported as being in the process of listing on the Rwanda Stock Exchange in May 2020.

Rwanda’s other grinding plant at Kigali has had problems with its parent company in Kenya. ARM Cement went into administration in mid-2018 and its assets have gradually been sold off since then amidst legal wrangling. It has also had ongoing operational issues with interrupted production due to clinker and coal shortages caused by import issues with Tanzania. An attempt to sell the 0.1Mt/yr grinding plant in September 2018 failed when an auction didn’t even reach one tenth of the estimated market value of US$1.4m. The plant was still reportedly on sale in May 2020.

The new Prime Cement grinding plant will have a production capacity of 0.6Mt/yr. It has been supplied by Germany-based Loesche, who installed a Loesche Jumbo CCG (Compact Cement Grinding plant) with mill type LM 30.2. The project has been reported to have a cost of around US$65m. A second phase was also mentioned at the time of the initial announcement that might include upgrading the grinding plant to a fully-integrated one at a later stage. Time will tell. In the meantime though it will be interesting to see whether the new plant has the same raw material issues that ARM’s Kigali Cement has had. One potential source of clinker is the integrated Hima Cement at Kasese in Uganda. Bamburi Cement reported in May 2020 that its Hima Cement subsidiary in Uganda was unable to ‘access’ the market in Rwanda in 2019 due to ongoing trade problems across the Rwanda-Uganda border.

Rwanda’s cement consumption has been reported to be 0.7Mt/yr so a new combined national production capacity of 1.4Mt/yr seems likely to create significant exports. Other countries in the region have also noticed what’s going on in Rwanda and want to do likewise. In June 2020 DRC’s Industry Minister Julien Paluku talked up plans of reviving the 0.3Mt/yr state-owned National Cement Plant (CINAT) in Kimpese. He noted that DRC has been partly reliant on cement produced by Cimerwa in Rwanda, which has been serving a combined demand of 900,000t/yr in DRC and Burundi.

A statistic that received a fresh airing this week was one from the World Bank in 2016 that worked out that the price of cement in Africa was on average 183% higher than the global average. It popped up in a news article about the expanding Nigerian cement industry but it applies to the whole continent. While it continues to hold true, exports will boom and plants will keep being built in the places that exports can’t reach.

Democratic Republic of Congo: The Council of Ministers has approved a proposal of the Ministry of Industry to appoint auditors to perform an inventory and evaluation of the 0.3Mt/yr integrated Cimenterie Nationale (CINAT) Kimpese cement plant in Kinshasa Province with a view to re-launching cement production there. Current estimates place the cost of reopening the plant at US$82,000. CINAT is 92% state-owned.

The government established the Kimpese plant in 1974 and production ceased in 2011 due to a fuel shortage. It has resumed since. CINAT employees have kept the plant in working order and guarded it in order to prevent it from being salvaged for scrap.

Uruguay: The Federación Administación Nacional de Combustibles, Alcohol y Portland (FANCAP) and Construction Union (SUNCA) have rejected plans for the privatisation of the Administación Nacional de Combustibles, Alcohol y Portland’s (ANCAP) 0.3Mt/yr integrated Paysandú cement plant in Paysandú Department, according to the La Diaria newspaper.

ANCAP Coordinator of Trade Unions Gerardo Rodríguez said, “Any change in the cement industry must leave cement production in public hands and keep all three ANCAP cement plants open, as well as keeping all jobs. Management must provide the necessary levels of investment to complete upgrades to the Paysandú plant and the personnel necessary for its operation.” He added, “In the face of adversity, we show more unity, solidarity and struggle and in the face of an attempt to close Paysandú we will respond with more organisation and more struggle.” He said that an occupation of all workplaces would follow the closure of any plant.

Argentina: Employees of two companies hired by LafargeHolcim subsidiary Holcim Argentina to carry out maintenance work at its suspended 2.4Mt/yr integrated Malagueño plant in Córdoba Province have taken up residence at the Hotel Uruguay in the resort town of Villa Carlos Paz, causing the hotel to lock down because they did not have the proper certification from the Centro de Operaciones de Emergencias (COE) provincial coronavirus lockdown authority.

The El Diario de Carlos Paz newspaper has reported that the workers, from Olavarría and San Nicolás, Buenos Aires Province, planned to remain locked down in the hotel for fourteen days. Due to their lack of COE certification, Villa Carlos Paz security locked down the hotel while coronavirus tests are carried out. Holcim Argentina manager of corporate affairs Belén Dagher said, “Following our application in June 2020, the COE and the Municipality of Malagueño gave us the authorisation for the arrival of the workers. The companies hired the hotel, and negative coronavirus tests for all workers were sent to the relevant authorities.” He added, “We are making a special space for them to stay at the plant.”

Holcim Argentina is carrying out essential maintenance work on the Malagueño plant, which is scheduled to reopen in mid-to-late 2020.

Turkmenistan: Construction firm Turkmen Enjam has begun the second stage of construction of the 1Mt/yr Lebap plant in the Lebap region with the laying of foundation of several auxiliary facilities. The Zolotoy Vek newspaper has reported that development of the 370,000m² site is scheduled for completion in 2022 and will produce cement using gypsum and porphyritic basalt from the Ufra deposit in the Balkan region.

South Africa: Cement plants were working at roughly 50% of the capacity utilisation level in June 2020 compared to that in June 2019 following the restart of production due to the relaxing of the coronavirus lockdown to Level 3 from Level 4 on 1 June 2020. The Sunday Tribune newspaper has reported that a construction slowdown is behind the decision to scale down production.

PPC head of inland business Bheki Mthembu said, “Demand is less than the supply. Most of our cement goes to retailers and then local builders, but we still cater to larger companies when bulk deals are required. The lack of large-scale construction projects has left the industry heavily dependent on residential construction. Government needs to support us through infrastructure maintenance and other projects. We were already in survival mode; Covid-19 has almost been the final nail in the coffin.”

UK: Mexico-based Cemex has confirmed its decision to mothball the 0.8Mt/yr integrated South Ferriby, Lincolnshire cement plant following a consultation period with employee and union representatives. The company estimates that the majority of redundancies of the plant’s 110 staff will happen in July 2020.

It said, “Cemex customers will be supplied from the company’s existing cement network. Cemex’s supply chain plan and commercial management will ensure that customer service will be maintained at all times. Cemex remains committed to the UK and will continue to have a strong national presence.”

Germany: HeidelbergCement has reported the successful resurfacing of a section of Federal Motorway 5 (BAB 5) between Karlsruhe and Frankfurt using a concrete made from low-alkali cement produced at its 1.4Mt/yr-capacity Schelklingen, Baden-Württemberg integrated cement plant. The company used over 3600t of cement to produce the 12,000m³ of concrete required for the 3.2km stretch of road. Traffic infrastructure product manager Klaus Felsch said, “The cement’s low alkali content significantly reduces the risk of an alkali-silica reaction and maximizes the durability of the concrete.”

Mozambique: Dugong Cimentos says that construction of its new 1.8Mt/yr integrated cement plant in Matutuíne District, Maputo Province, is 90% complete. The Noticias newspaper has reported that the plant cost US$330m and was paid for by private Chinese investors. It will permanently employ 500 people, including 400 Mozambicans, when operational. The plant will consume 400,000t/yr of coal and produce cement as well as clinker for grinding at other Mozambique plants that currently import it.

India: Ambuja Cement has modernised its logistics operations by digitising its supply chain to “improve visibility, deliver quality customer service and optimise cost.” The Economic Times newspaper has reported that the company has integrated all aspects of raw material, fuel and equipment supply and product deliveries on a single online platform in order to “enhance overall efficiency and productivity.” Company director Martin Kriegner said additionally that the digitisation will aid in, “fuel mix optimisation and strategic sourcing, helping to mitigate rising input costs.”

Ambuja Cement’s 3.0Mt/yr greenfield expansion to its integrated 1.5Mt/yr Marwar Munda, Rajasthan plant is scheduled for commission by 1 January 2021. The company has a master supply agreement with ACC aimed at maximising the consistency of cement supply to the Rajasthan market once the new 4.5Mt/yr plant becomes operational.