Displaying items by tag: Plant

Zimbabwe: Huaxin Cement has invested US$15m in a new manufacturing plant in Zimbabwe, according to Bulawayo 24 News. The company has set up a subsidiary Huaxin Zimbabwe, to oversee operations. Huaxin Zimbabwe director Clemence Gomba said that the initial capacity will be 300,000t/yr, potentially increasing to 1Mt/yr if lime reserves are accessed, adding that he wanted “Zimbabweans to get cement at their doorsteps.” The plant will serve both local and export markets. Huaxin plans to employ five Chinese nationals and 200 local people.

Company CEO Mr Chen said “We started construction of the site last month [September 2024] and we hope to finish by the end of November 2024. In December 2024, we will start the production of cement. The plant will start with a production capacity of 25,000t/month of cement, we will mainly be manufacturing 32.5 and 42.5 cement. We hope to satisfy the local market so that we can reduce our imports. We hope to find some limestone reserves so that we will not be importing any clinker.”

Industry and Commerce Minister Mangaliso Ndlovu toured the site, saying that Zimbabwe is experiencing a surge in imports mainly from Zambia and South Africa, a reflection that local production is ‘not satisfying’ the market.

Saudi Arabia: Eastern Province Cement Company has secured US$226m through a credit facilities agreement with Saudi National Bank. Arab News Releases has reported that Eastern Province Cement Company will use the funds for an upcoming new 10,000t/day line at its Al Khursaniyah cement plant in Eastern Province.

The on-going construction of the Al Khursaniyah cement plant’s new line has a budget of US$271m and was first announced on 7 January 2024.

Philippines: The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) of the Philippines government has welcomed Thailand-based Shera’s upcoming US$50.4m Mabalacat fibre cement board plant in Pampanga. The DTI expects the plant to help to reduce the Philippines' reliance on imported fibre cement boards from 100%. The Manila Bulletin newspaper has reported that the plant, scheduled for commissioning in early 2025, is also expected to create 300 new jobs.

The Philippines’ trade secretary Cristina Roque said "This investment aligns perfectly with our strategic goals of becoming a global hub for manufacturing. By leveraging state-of-the-art technologies such as AI and Internet of Things, Shera is setting a new standard for innovation in the Philippines.”

Adani Group’s latest target for acquisition in the cement sector was revealed this week to be Heidelberg Materials’ India-based business. The Economic Times newspaper reported that talks have started between the companies with a tentative value of US$1.2bn. As might be expected, Adani Group is said to be keen to close the deal down quickly. It wants to avoid an auction situation where it might face competitors. However, there may be some disagreement about the actual production capacity of Heidelberg Materials’ companies in India. If a deal were finalised, it might be completed by early 2027.

Heidelberg Materials’ capacity in India was listed as 14Mt/yr by the press but this could include the company’s grinding plants as well as its integrated ones. Heidelberg Materials, itself, says it has a capacity of 12.1Mt/yr from three integrated cement plants, four grinding plants and a terminal across 12 states. Data from the Global Cement Directory 2024 suggests that this refers to the group’s integrated cement capacity. The plants are roughly split equally between subsidiaries Heidelberg Materials India and Zuari Cement. Heidelberg Materials entered the Indian market in 2006 when it acquired Mysore Cement, Cochin Cement and established a joint-venture with Indorama Cement. It later added Zuari Cement to its portfolio when it bought Italcementi in 2016. The group used to run four integrated plants in India until in May 2024, when it shut down clinker production at its Ammasandra plant in Karnataka, although grinding activity has continued at the site.

Back in 2021 Heidelberg Materials’ CEO Dominik von Achten said that the group had considered selling anything following a business review. "There are no sacred cows. Everything was on the table." Indonesia was generally perceived by analysts as a likely sale target in the developing markets but nothing happened in the end. India wasn’t mentioned at this time, although no doubt it was being considered. Yet Holcim divested its businesses there in 2022. These were picked up by Adani Group for US$6.4bn. This, in turn, kicked off the rivalry in the Indian cement sector between market leader UltraTech Cement and Adani Group. Both companies are now in a race to build production capacity through expansion, new plants and acquisitions.

One reason why Heidelberg Materials may have decided now in particular to talk to Adani Group can be seen in its recent financial reports. In 2023 it said that its “cement and clinker deliveries increased moderately, as massive excess capacities persist in our core markets.” It then followed this up in 2024 by noting that deliveries were slightly down year-on-year in the first half of the year. It blamed this on excess capacity in South India. The subsidiary reported a net loss of €6.3m in 2023. An article by Holtec Consulting in the October 2023 issue of Global Cement Magazine implied that capacity utilisation was 56% in 2023, the lowest of the country’s regions. This is a particular problem for the company given that Zuari Cement is based in the south.

Funnily enough, a sale of 12.1Mt/yr capacity for US$1.2bn suggests a price of US$99/t, a similar figure to what Adani Group paid to buy Holcim’s assets in India in 2022. This may explain why Adani Group is trying to avoid an open sale for the Heidelberg Materials assets. Then again, maybe the market in southern India really is suffering. By comparison, when Adani Group concluded a deal to buy Penna Cements in August 2024 it paid US$1.2bn for an integrated capacity of about 7Mt/yr or around US$170/t. Factor in the low capacity utilisation rate in south India and this potential Adani-Heidelberg Materials deal ends up at roughly the same price.

Something that may help Adani Group reach its goal might be a formal merger between its two main cement companies, Ambuja Cements and ACC. The Mint newspaper reported on it this week, saying that Jefferies and Axis Capital has been hired as an advisor. This certainly makes sense in synergy savings but moving all the mining and leasing rights around might prove cumbersome. Regardless, Adani Group is on an expansion drive, with a capacity of 140Mt/yr targeted by 2028. All the smaller cement companies in the country are potentially targets.

Zimbabwe: Bulawayo City Council has granted approval for China-based Labenmon Investments to establish a grinding plant, expected to employ over 500 people, at Umvumila Industrial Park. Once operational, the facility will produce 900,000t/yr of cement, and plans to export to regional markets including Zambia, Botswana, and Mozambique. The grinding plant was previously planned for Cowdray Park, also in Bulawayo, but the application was rejected in July 2024.

The council report reads “The establishment of a cement mixing plant is expected to benefit Bulawayo Metropolitan Province and other provinces in many ways, such as increased supply of cement, employment for more than 500 local people, increased export earnings for the province, enhanced technology and better equipment for the domestic cement industry in Zimbabwe.”  

Energy has been the theme for a couple of cement news stories of note from Egypt this week. The first concerns the government’s impending plan to centralise distribution of mazut (heavy fuel oil) to cement plants to help them cope with ongoing power shortages. Earlier in the week Cemex signed a deal with the Assiut Governorate to operate a second municipal solid refuse processing unit in the country. The company’s first Regenera facility, in Mahala, started operations in May 2024. Another story from mid-September 2024, along the same theme, covered the inauguration of an 18MW waste heat recovery (WHR) unit at Heidelberg Materials Egypt's Helwan Cement plant.

The wider story is that the country has faced so-called load shedding, or power rationing, since mid-2023 due to falling gas production, rising energy demand and negative currency exchange effects making it harder to buy fuel imports. The power cuts were extended in duration in July 2024 due to a heat wave. The government then said in late September 2024 that it is making investments to prevent domestic power cuts in 2025.

The cement stories mentioned above show some of the ways cement companies cut their energy costs. Two potential ways of doing this are to increase the use of alternative fuels (AF), such as municipal solid waste, or to install a WHR unit. Titan Cement, for example, reported AF thermal substitution rates of above 40% in Alexandria and above 30% in Beni Suef in the first half of 2024. The local press hasn’t reported power shortages amongst the country’s cement producers, but the plans to control the distribution of mazut suggest that either ‘something’ has happened or the government is trying to avoid ‘something.’ Readers may recall that producers have periodically faced step changes in power supplies over the years. In the mid-2010s, for example, lots of plants switched from heavy fuel oil and gas to coal. The energy price fluctuations following the start of the Russia - Ukraine war in 2022 then saw the price of coal rise.

However, what the foreign-owned producers have complained about in the first half of 2024 is the declining exchange rate of the Egyptian Pound. Cementir, Cemex and Titan Cement all noted this. However, Titan reckoned that International Monetary Fund and European Union investment had actually eased the economic situation in the first half of the year leading to an increase in the number of large construction projects.

One effect of the currency problems upon the cement market has been a focus on exports. At the start of September 2024 the Federation of Egyptian Industries said that national cement consumption in 2024 was expected to drop by 4% year-on-year to 45Mt. However, exports were projected to rise to 15Mt. The first and second most popular destinations so far in 2024 have been the Ivory Coast and Ghana. Yet, exports to Libya, the third biggest external market, may have had the biggest effect. These have been blamed for creating a shortage of trucks that was causing delays to the local construction sector. The round-journey from Egypt to Libya can take up to 12 days. This has left building sites bereft of raw material deliveries because all the trucks are elsewhere! Vicat acknowledged the growing importance of imports for its business in Egypt in its half-year report for 2024. It said that ‘sluggish’ domestic market conditions “were more than offset by growth in cement and clinker volumes for export to the Mediterranean and Africa regions.”

The wider picture of the cement sector in Egypt remains one of overcapacity with integrated capacity estimated above 70Mt/yr. The government introduced cement production quotas in mid-2021 and this stabilised prices (and profits). The recent state of the local economy may have strained this, but the latest round of external investment appears to have buoyed things for now. Although the effects of the Israeli military action in Lebanon may have unforeseen consequences upon neighbouring markets. In the meantime, cutting energy costs and growing exports offer two ways for producers to raise their profits.

Saudi Arabia: Turboden, a subsidiary of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, has announced its first project in Saudi Arabia — a 13MW organic rankine cycle (ORC) power plant at Riyadh Cement Company. This marks the first ORC plant in the Kingdom and the largest globally.

The plant will capture residual heat from the cement plant's clinker coolers and pre-heaters (2 kilns of 5000t/day each), offering high energy efficiency and eliminating water consumption. Sinoma Energy Conservation serves as the project's engineering, procurement and construction contractor.

General manager Andrea La Gioia said "Turboden is honoured to spearhead this groundbreaking project in collaboration with Riyadh Cement Company. With around 460 ORC plants in 52 countries, 50 in ‘waste’ heat recovery application, our ORC technology represents a game-changer in the global energy landscape, and we are proud to support the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in its transition towards cleaner, more sustainable energy sources."

Ethiopia: Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed has inaugurated the Lemi National Cement Factory, built by a joint venture between West International Holding, the African arm of West China Cement, and East African Holding Company. With a production capacity of 15,000t/day, this facility is now reportedly the largest in Ethiopia, according to Xinhua news. Located 150km north of the capital city of Addis Ababa in the Lemi Building Materials Industrial Park, the project cost US$600m.

Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed said "The project exemplifies the swift and efficient delivery of crucial infrastructure. Congratulations to all those involved in realising this important project, which now produces 50% of the cement made by plants across the country."

India: Ambuja Cement has proposed the establishment of a cement plant at Ramannapet, eliciting concerns from local residents over potential environmental impacts. The proposed plant is intended to be built on 70 acres initially designated for a dry port, and involves an investment of US$167m, according to the Deccan Chronicle. The River Musi, located 14km from the proposed plant, is expected to be at risk, as well as local residents living near the site. The Pollution Control Board is scheduled for a public hearing on 23 October 2024 regarding this matter.

Rythu Sangam district president Meka Ashok Reddy highlighted the community's concerns, noting that fertile agricultural fields within a 14km radius could be turned into ‘wastelands’, and crop yields along the River Musi might drop by 30% due to water contamination. He said that 10 villages around Ramannapet would be affected by pollution from the proposed plant.

France: F Scott, a French group based in Switzerland, is set to construct a new grinding plant in Montoir-de-Bretagne, Loire-Atlantique, by 2027. The €55m investment is expected to create 50 jobs, according to API agency. The plant will import 300,000t/yr of blast furnace slag and a similar amount of clinker by ship, with plans to potentially switch to calcined clay for producing low-carbon cement. F Scott's proposal was approved in mid-late 2023 following a call for expressions of interest by the major maritime port of Nantes-Saint-Nazaire for a bulk products storage and industrial processing unit.