Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW368 / 29 August 2018

Headlines


The world’s largest cement producer China National Building Material (CNBM) released its half-year results this week and the figures were generally good. Despite falling production, the state-owned company has managed to raise its prices year-on-year to generate significant sales revenue and earnings increases. As usual the level of detail was fairly light, although not much lighter than some non-Chinese producers on the international market. The key point was that cement production fell by 5% year-on-year to 143Mt. This was due to poor demand, mounting environmental regulations and rising input costs.

The half-year report was significant because it is the first financial report from the company since its merger with China National Materials (Sinoma) completed in early May 2018. Just like the reports of LafargeHolcim and HeidelbergCement following mergers or acquisitions, CNBM has seen a boost to its performance. Further gains from scale and synergy are expected. The union has indisputably created the world’s biggest cement producer, putting aside any European or American cries of over-calculation of production capacity on the part of their Chinese rivals. However, size comes with particular problems.

Placed in a wider context CNBM and its owners, the Chinese government, are attempting to manage a wind-down from the biggest construction boom in human history. National Bureau of Statistics data show that sales of cement fell by 10% to 984Mt in the first half of 2018 from 1.1Bnt in the same period in 2017. So, falling cement production volumes are not a surprise. What is curious, though, is how cement prices have appeared to rise in a country with massive production overcapacity. Each of CNBM’s cement producing subsidiaries reported that its average selling price of cement grew year-on-year.

 Graph 1: Sales of cement in China, 2014 – 2018. Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China.

Graph 1: Sales of cement in China, 2014 – 2018. Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China.

Regional variation could explain some of this in a country as large as China and similar trends can be observed in India with its own diverse internal markets. The local focus on environmental regulations offers another explanation. In June 2018 the government’s State Council issued regulations to reduce the production capacity of construction materials, set up emission limits for pollution, implement peak shifting of production and to establish a ‘strict’ accountability mechanism for all of this. CNBM has followed these directives with its ‘Price – Cost – Profit’ (PCP) strategy and all of its subsidiaries have conformed to this. What is not covered in the report is whether there is a negative financial effect of peak shifting and other environmental regulations and how bad this is.

It’s easy to dismiss the performance of a state-controlled company but the enlarged CNBM is facing a unique set of challenges. It appears to be off to a great start but both its scale and its challenges are unprecedented. In its outlook for the second half of 2018 it said that the, “contradiction of overcapacity in the industry has not been changed fundamentally.” This suggests that, although cement prices and profits have held up so far, there is no guarantee that this situation will continue.


UK: The Global Cement and Concrete Association (GCCA) has appointed Claude Loréa as Cement Director. She will take up the role in early November 2018 and will be based at the association’s offices in London. Loréa joins the GCCA from European cement industry body, Cembureau where she is Deputy Chief Executive and Industrial Affairs Director. Loréa will report to incoming GCCA chief executive, Benjamin Sporton and will be a member of the executive team.

Loréa will lead all aspects of GCCA work related to cement, calling for a practical understanding of its chemistry, production, co-processing, data collection, standards as well as international climate policy, regulatory requirements and trends. With sustainability a key priority of the GCCA, she will also oversee the smooth transition of the activities of the Cement Sustainability Initiative to the GCCA.

Over her career Loréa has built up knowledge of the cement industry including the sector’s sustainability agenda where, among other achievements, she has led the development of the European Cement Industry Low Carbon Economy Roadmap. A Belgian national, she holds a degree in Civil Engineering from the University of Brussels and has worked as an environmental consultant and auditor. She gained her first hands-on experience of the cement industry as an environmental engineer with Cimenteries CBR in Belgium, in time moving to Cembureau where she was appointed technical director and subsequently deputy chief executive.


Malaysia: Lafarge Malaysia has allocated US$19.5m to spend on efficiency upgrades, including installing bag filters at its three plants. The project has started already with the commissioning of a new bag filter at its Kanthan plant for an investment of around US$5m. The upgrade to its Kanthan plant follows the installation of a vertical cement mill in 2016 at a cost of US$44m.


Uganda: Simba Cement has opened a new 1Mt/yr grinding plant in Tororo. The unit had an investment of US$45m, according to the Daily Monitor newspaper. The plant was built by Mepani Technical Services and construction started in early 2016. Simba Cement Uganda is a subsidiary of National Cement Kenya, which is part of Devki Group.


Rwanda: Construction work has started on Prime Cement’s new grinding plant in Musanze District. The subsidiary of Milbridge Group plans to complete the unit by mid-2019, according to the New Times newspaper. The plant is expected to have a cement production capacity of 0.7Mt/yr, with plans to expands this to 1.2Mt/yr. Denmark’s FLSmidth signed a deal with Prime Cement in 2017 to supply equipment for the plant. Once finished the plant is expected to create 600 jobs.


Tanzania: Charles Mwijage, the minister for Industry, Trade and Investment, has threatened to cancel the licences of so called cement ‘super-dealers’ if they fail to curb rising prices. Super-dealers are middlemen who acquire cement directly from the producers for sale to distributors, according to the Citizen newspaper. Mwijage made the comments on a tour of the Tanzania Portland Cement Company. He called on the management of the cement company to intervene in order to hold prices down for ends users. However, the cement company wants the government to take action itself against traders.


Ivory Coast: LafargeHolcim Ivory Coast has launched Bélier SuperBric. The 52.5N strength cement product is being marketed for its fast setting time, strength and economic advantages. The subsidiary of Switzerland’s LafargeHolcim is also using the product launch to promote its online sales platform, which offers delivery timing and tracking.

At the launch ceremony for the new product Felix Anoblé, the secretary of the state to the Minister of Commerce, Industry and Promotion of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises, said that local cement producers had invested US$130m on inreasing production capacity between 2015 and 2017. Production capacity rose to 7.2Mt/yr in 2018 from 2.9Mt/yr in 2015.


China: China National Building Material’s (CNBM) cement production volume fell by 5% year-on-year to 143Mt in the first half of 2018 from 150Mt in the same period in 2017. It has attributed this decrease to ‘flat’ demand, increased pressure on environmental protection and rising costs of fuel and raw materials. As part of its ‘Price – Cost – Profit’ (PCP) initiative the group has focused on reducing production capacity and output, implementing peak shifting production and eliminating old production facilities.

Despite the headwinds, the group’s sales revenue from its cement division rose by 22% to US$7.41bn from US$6.06bn. Its adjusted earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) increased by 38% to US$2.08bn from US$1.51bn. Average cement prices also rose year-on-year. External sales from its engineering companies increased by 13% to US$2.18bn from US$1.92bn. Overall, group sales revenue rose by 22% to US$14bn from US$11.5bn.

CNBM completed its merger with China National Materials Company (Sinoma) on 2 May 2018. Its cement producing subsidiaries include China Untied, South Cement, North Cement, Southwest Cement, Sinoma Cement, Tianshan Cement, Ningxia Building Materials and Qilianshan. Its engineering subsidiaries include Sinoma International, China Triumph and Sinoma Milling.


China: Huaxin Cement’s sales rose by 27% year-on-year to US$1.75bn in the first half of 2018 from US$1.38bn in the same period in 2017. Its net profit nearly tripled to US$304m from US$107m. Its cement and clinker sales volumes grew by 1.13% to 32.2Mt.

The cement producer said that it had been challenged by raw materials and fuel price rises and kiln suspensions due to government-mandated peak shifting production during the reporting period. However, measures such as higher alternative fuels co-processing rates and efficiency gains helped to bolster its financial performance. Its kiln waste processing volumes increased by 18.4% to 0.68Mt.

The company added that its Tibet Shannan 3rd Phase 3000t/day clinker production line was ‘proceeding smoothly’ and was scheduled to start operation by the end of August 2018. Its 4000t/day Yunnan Luquan clinker line and 2.85Mt/yr Huangshi clinker replacement line projects have started construction. In Nepal a 2800t/day clinker line is scheduled to start construction by the end of the year. It is also working on municipal solid waste (MSW) projects in Wuhan Changshankou and Lijiang.


Malaysia: Repair costs at Cahya Mata Sarawak’s (CMS) Kuching cement plant have reduced the profits of the company’s cement division. The planned maintenance period in January and February 2018 was the first major shutdown carried out by the group since it purchased the integrated unit in 2007. The division’s performance was also hit by an increase in the price of imported clinker due to a reported ‘tight supply’ in the international market. The division’s profit before tax fell by 17% year-on-year to US$9.56m in the first half of 2018 from US$11.5m in the same period in 2017. However, its revenue grew by 8%.

Overall, CMS reported revenue growth of 15% to US$183m and a pre-tax profit increase of 32% to US$42.9m. It attributed the strong performance to its other subsidiaries.


India: OCL India has held a stone-laying ceremony for its third integrated cement plant at its Rajgangpur site in Odisha. Naveen Patnaik, chief minister of Odisha state, attended the event along with the management of OCL India and its owners, Dalmia Cement (Bharat). The new unit will be known as Dalmia DSP.

The new plant will have a 2.25Mt/yr cement and 3Mt/yr clinker production capacity. Once it becomes operational it will increase production at the Rajgangpur site to 6.25Mt/yr of cement and 5.9Mt/yr of clinker.

The project has an investment of US$356m and it is expected to be commissioned by early 2020. As part of the project the cement producer also plans to build a 2.5Mt/yr cement plant with an investment of US$57m at Biswali near Cuttack.


Kenya: Any potential financial recovery of ARM Cement could be threatened by the loss of its mining licences. Local legislation lists insolvency as a condition that could trigger suspension or revocation of a mining licence, according to the Business Daily newspaper. The cement producer was placed into administration by UBA Bank in mid-August 2018, with PricewaterhouseCoopers staff appointed as administrators. PWC’s Muniu Thoithi said that the company was approaching the government on the issue.


Zimbabwe: Sino-Zimbabwe Cement (SZC) has been granted certification by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). The company says that ISO certification will make its products attractive to compete on the international market, according to the Herald newspaper. SCZ produces three types of cement: MC 22.5 X, PC 32.5 N and 42.5N. Most of the cement is consumed by the Zimbabwean market, with a small amount exported to neighbouring countries. The company plans to produce PC 42.5R later in 2018 to target local infrastructure projects.

The cement producer’s 0.3Mt/yr Gweru plant was built in the 1990s in a joint-venture between China National Building Material Company (CNBM) and the Industrial Development Corporation of Zimbabwe.


Germany: The German Cement Works Association (VDZ) says that cement consumption grew by 4.8% year-on-year to 28.8Mt in 2017. It has attributed this boost to higher investments in new construction work and acknowledged the benefits of good weather. However, the association expects much less growth in 2018.

Data from the German Federal Statistical Office indicates that domestic demand for cement was almost completely covered by German-based producers in 2017. Only 1.6Mt of cement or 5.4% had to be imported. This figure has increased slightly compared to the preceding years. The same applies to cement exports, which rose by 1.6% to a total of around 6.2Mt.

"Potential for growth is still evident in certain construction sectors. However, it is becoming increasingly difficult to exploit this as we are reaching capacity limits in the construction industry," said VDZ president Christian Knell.


Bosnia & Herzegovina: Austria’s Asamer Baustoff plans to force a buyout of Fabrika Cementa Lukavac to acquire the remaining 0.46% share of the cement producer it does not already own. The building materials company intends to use its right to transfer voting shares from minority shareholders to itself, according to SeeNews. The move follows a previous move to increase its share in the cement producer in June 2018.


Turkey: Greece’s Titan Group has reached an agreement to increase its share in its joint venture, Adocim Çimento Beton Sanayi ve Ticaret. At present the cement producer is a 50-50 joint-venture operated with Cem Sak Group since 2008. The arrangement will see it buy an additional 25% share in Adocim and dispose of its 50% share of a grinding plant. The transaction is conditional upon approvals by regulatory authorities and is expected to be concluded by the end of November 2018.

Adocim owns an integrated cement plant with a production capacity of 1.5Mt/yr, a grinding unit with a production capacity of 0.6Mt/yr and three ready-mix concrete units.


Ireland: CRH has said that is looking to build up a ‘cash pile’ of Euro7bn. It says it will use the funds for anything from acquisitions to share buybacks. Finance director Senan Murphy said the company was showing the market that it is ‘not just a one-trick pony that just does acquisitions.’ The money will be the cash left over after spending on capital expenditure, interest, tax and other payments.

"There are a number of options where that money can be deployed, and we will deploy it wherever it creates the most value for shareholders," said Murphy. "We can reinvest it in our business, we can invest it in acquisitions, we can continue on with buybacks or we can increase the level of dividends."

The company posted a 1% rise in revenue and earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) year-on-year in the first half of 2018. It expects EBITDA in the second half to be ahead of that seen in the second half of 2017.


India: UltraTech Cement has received approval from the Competition Commission of India (CCI) for the acquisition of the cement business of Century Textiles and Industries. The company has given its approval for the share swap deal between the companies.

The transaction will provide UltraTech an opportunity to further strengthen its presence in the east and central markets, extending its footprint in the Western and Southern markets of India.


Israel: Danny Tal, the commissioner for trade levies at the Israeli Ministry of Economy and Industry, will recommend duties on cement imports from Greece and Turkey. Nine different manufacturers will be affected by anti-dumping duties of 7-20%.

Tal drew up the duties following a complaint by cement maker Har-Tuv, which said continued cheap imports would lead to its closure. The complaint was also supported by Nesher Cement, Israel’s only clinker producer.

Tal concluded that the Greek and Turkish companies had violated fair trade rules, with the Greek companies generally ‘dumping’ at lower prices than the Turkish ones.

"We welcome the decision to protect the local industry from illegal imports and to maintain the industry and fair competition over time, and we hope that the recommendation will be adopted and implemented by all relevant levels as soon as possible," said Har-Tuv.


Uzbekistan: The largest cement plant in Central Asia has been commissioned in the Sherabad district of the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan. Construction of the Sherabad cement plant has been carried out by Almalyk Mining and Metallurgical Combine (AMMC) JSC. The cost of the project was US$212.8m and its capacity is 1.5Mt/yr. The majority of the cement produced will be directed toward domestic demand. The Turkish DAL Teknik Makina Ticaret ve Sanayi AS company also participated in the construction of the plant.

The project was paid for by AMMC's own funds (US$24.4m), a loan issued by the Fund for Reconstruction and Development of Uzbekistan (US$90m) and loans from commercial banks (US$110.6m).

There are currently five large cement plants in Uzbekistan: Kyzylkumcement, Akhangarancement, Kuvasaycement, Bekabadcement, Jizzakh cement plant, as well as a number of small enterprises. Their total capacity exceeds 8.5Mt/yr. Over the next five years, Uzbekistan plans to increase its national capacity to 17Mt/yr, double the current level.

Companies with projects under construction or in the planning process include Russia’s Eurocement Group, which is building a US$220m dry process plant with a capacity of 2.4Mt/yr. Two more cement plants will be built with funds from Chinese investors. The first is being built by the Xin Lei enterprise in the Akhangaran region. It will have an annual capacity of 1.0Mt/yr at cost of US$108m. The other will be established by Akhangaranshifer at a cost of US$100m, also with a capacity of 1.0Mt/yr.


Ireland: CRH’s financial results for the first half of 2018 have been negatively affected by poor weather in Europe and North America. Its sales revenue rose by 1% year-on-year to Euro11.9bn in the reporting period. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) increased by 1% to Euro1.13bn from Euro1.12bn.

“We have had a good first half, despite significant weather disruption in Europe and North America in the first quarter. Construction markets continued to recover and pricing gathered momentum in key European markets, while there was solid volume and price growth against a positive economic backdrop in the Americas,” said chief executive Albert Manifold. He added that the company was experiencing ‘challenging’ conditions in the Philippines.


India: Prism Johnson, formerly known as Prism Cement, has received a letter of intent from the state government of Madhya Pradesh allocating it a mining lease for limestone. The agreement lasts 50 years for a site at Bairiah and Chormari villages and it includes approximately 77Mt of reserves.


China: Dongwu Cement turnover has been boosted by rising cement prices in the first half of 2018. Its sales revenue rose by 60% year-on-year to US$31.9m in the first half of 2018 from US$19.9m in the same period in 2017. Its profit more than doubled to US$4.18m from US$1.47m. Its sales volumes of cement grew by 11% to 0.67Mt from 0.6Mt.


South Africa: Bearing International has supplied a large order of Köbo chains to cement producers in the North West and the Western Cape. This consisted of 80m of coal reclaimer chain, 93m of bucket elevator chain, 90m of elevator chain, and 120m of hot pan conveyor chain. The bucket elevator chain was supplied to cement producers in both the Western Cape and the North West, while the pan conveyor chain and reclaimer chain were supplied exclusively to its Western Cape client.

Bearing International has been the exclusive distributor of Köbo chains in Southern Africa since early 2017. Germany company Köbo produces chains to order and it has manufacturing plants in Germany, Poland, and China.