Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW455 / 13 May 2020

Headlines


Many of the first quarter financial results are in from the multinational cement producers and a few points are worth discussing. As usual a few caveats are worth mentioning such as seasonal and geographical variations between companies, such as producers in the northern hemisphere experiencing a generally slower period. It’s also worth noting that this is a selective look at some of the larger cement producers as not all of them release detailed figures at this stage and others have been delayed. However, the economic effects of the coronavirus lockdowns are clearly showing an effect in a kind of wave as the pandemic has spread.

Graph 1: Sales revenues in the first quarter of 2020 from selected cement producers. Source: Company financial reports.

Graph 1: Sales revenues in the first quarter of 2020 from selected cement producers. Source: Company financial reports.

Graph 1 above shows the effects of the earlier lockdown in China upon the results of the Chinese producers like CNBM, Anhui Conch and China Resources Cement (CRC). What’s interesting with these companies is that they have all suffered revenue hits of 20 – 25%. Huaxin Cement, a producer based in Hubei province near Wuhan where the Chinese lockdown was strictest, is not shown in Graph 1 but its revenue fell by 35% in the first quarter. See GCW452 for more on coronavirus effects on the Chinese cement industry.

Looking more widely, both LafargeHolcim and HeidelbergCement suffered declines of around 10%. This is somewhat misleading as both companies are constantly selling assets making the like-for-like results not quite as bad, particularly in the case of LafargeHolcim with its South-East Asian divestments. Although note this week that LafargeHolcim’s deal to sell its majority stake in Holcim Philippines lapsed this week due to the local competition regulator not granting permission in time. Yet, they are also beneficiaries and victims to an extent of their wide geographical spread with worse performance in Asia and better results in North America. For a fuller look at LafargeHolcim’s first quarter results see last week’s column. The rest of the producers featured generally reflect their tighter market spread with Buzzi Unicem particularly benefiting from the relatively untouched market in the US. Shree Cement, an Indian producer, escaped relatively unscathed, possibly as the Indian lockdown only started in late March 2020. All eyes will be on the results of UltraTech Cement, the largest producer in India, when they finally emerge.

Graph 2: Cement sales volumes in the first quarter of 2020 from selected cement producers. Source: Company financial reports.

Graph 2: Cement sales volumes in the first quarter of 2020 from selected cement producers. Source: Company financial reports.

Cement sales volumes tell a similar story, although a few different companies are featured in Graph 2. Note CRC’s year-on-year fall of 26% to 11.2Mt in the first quarter. It’s the only larger Chinese cement producer that we’ve found so far that has released sales volumes. Semen Indonesia is interesting too because its figures jumped in January 2020 as its acquisition of Holcim Indonesia only went on the books in February 2019. It’s February and March sales volumes have each been 4 - 5% down year-on-year but it’s far from clear whether this is due to general production overcapacity in the country or from the global health crisis. Despite this, its export volumes from both the mainland and its TLCC subsidiary in Vietnam have held up well. Unfortunately though, its performance in Vietnam may be an outlier if data from the General Department of Vietnam Customs is to be believed this week. It indicated that overall cement exports from the country fell by 9.7% year-on-year to 7.73Mt in the first quarter of 2020. Cementos Argos is also worth looking at as it suffered from the government lockdown in Colombia despite having an international presence in the Caribbean and the US.

Most of the world’s largest cement producers are preparing for the economic shockwaves from lockdowns to hit balance sheets in the second quarter of 2020. Many have said exactly this and have paraded their liquidity levels in preparation. Alongside this the results of the Chinese producers in the next quarter may offer some light on what kind of recovery is possible from easing lockdown measures. Yet the risk of second waves of infections from coronavirus potentially jeopardises any kind of fast or easy recovery without a vaccine. Today’s news that Cemex is considering mothballing its integrated plant at South Ferriby in the UK has been blamed on an analysis of the company’s European cement supply chain. The company says it is not related to coronoavirus but it does suggest the company is making savings.

This week has seen international press coverage return to Wuhan, China and South Korea where small numbers of infections have started to build despite being thought mostly eradicated. No one wants the so-called ‘W’ economic recovery with its rollercoaster ride of crests and dips or indeed the ‘L’ with its slow tail of recovery. Yet, for better or for worse, some form of normality has to return after the lockdowns end. The UK, for example, the country with the worst death rate from coronanvirus in Europe, has allowed its construction workers to pick up tools this week. If and when they can do so in the UK and everywhere else without causing the basic reproduction number (R0) to rise then the future starts to look a little brighter.


Nigeria: Lafarge Africa has appointed Adebode Adefioye as its new chairman with effect from 4 June 2020. He succeeds Mobolaji Balogun, who has decided to retire from the role.

Adefioye, a non-executive director of the company, is the chairman of the board finance and strategy committee, chairman of the board property optimisation committee and a member of the nominations, governance and remuneration committee. He has also served on the statutory audit committee and the risk management and ethics committee.

Adefioye holds over 32 years experience in different industries and is a graduate of the University of Lagos with Masters of Science degree. He is a member of the Institute of Directors and the Institute of Public Analysts of Nigeria. He was appointed to the board of directors in late 2012 and currently sits on the boards of Wema Bank and Eterna. He also resides on the governing council of Bank Directors Association in Nigeria. Adefioye will step down from all board committees of Lafarge Africa on assumption of the role as chairman of the board.

Balogun has worked for Lafarge Africa for over 15 years, having joined the board in 2005. He served for the first 10 years as a non-executive director and was appointed chairman in mid-2015.


India: KCP has appointed Indira Dutt as its chairperson and managing director following approval by its shareholders. She succeeds V L Dutt, who died in February 2020, according to the Press Trust of India.

Indira Dutt holds a B.A. in economics from Madras University. She holds a number of directorships including Fives Cail - KCP Limited, Velagapudi Foundation, KCP Vietnam Industries Limited and V Ramakrishna Sons Private Limited. She was also the chairperson (CSR) member of finance committee and risk management committees of KCP. She is the president of the World Telugu Federation and Chairperson of Andhra Chamber of Commerce.

KCP is a conglomerate with businesses in the cement, heavy engineering, sugar and power industries. It operates two integrated cement plants in Andhra Pradesh.


UK: Cemex has announced the proposed mothballing of the 0.8Mt/yr South Ferriby integrated plant in Lincolnshire. It says that the move would lead to the redundancy of all staff employed at the plant except cement delivery drivers in the third quarter of 2020. A review of the optimal haulage provision will follow. Cemex says that the proposal is the outcome of ‘an analysis of the company’s European cement supply chain.’ Its final decision will follow ‘a process of collective consultation with affected employees.’ It says that the decision was unaffected by the coronavirus outbreak.

The group said that, “Cemex remains committed to the UK and its European business.” It added that the mothballing of the South Ferriby plant will ‘optimise the network it has available across the region.’ Cemex will continue to supply customers from its existing cement network, maintaining customer service and ‘high-quality products in line with customer expectations.’ Its strategic growth will focus on ‘larger metropolitan markets where demand and profitability will be strongest.’


India: Construction work has yet to return to normality following the easing of the coronavirus lockdown in Uttar Pradesh as cement and other materials have not reached building sites. The Hindustan Times has reported that restrictions to the movement of goods across state and district borders have caused extensive disruption of supply chains. The website for travel permits needed by workers who do not live at the site at which they are employed has reportedly crashed multiple times due to oversubscription, leading to some staffing issues. Confederation of Real Estate Developers Association of India (CREDAI) deputy chair Uttar Pradesh West Amit Modi said, “We can only resume work once these things get back to normal."


Uzbekistan: South Korea-based Hwachon Plant Construction Company has shared plans for an integrated cement plant in Karauzyak, Karakalpakstan Autonomous Republic. Uzbekistan Daily News has reported the value of investment in the project as US$380m. Hwachon Plant Construction Company chair Sin Cheol Sik met with Uzbekistan Council of Ministers deputy chair Bakhitzhan Habibullayev via videoconference to discuss funding for the project, which will commence at the earliest possible date.

Sik said that he was hopeful of, “a speedy resolution to the coronavirus pandemic and resumption of regular flights between Uzbekistan and South Korea, whereupon Hwachon Plant Construction Company will start work. Both parties agreed that until that time planning will continue via videoconference.”


Argentina: The Portland Cement Manufacturers Association (AFCP) has reported that cement dispatches in the period between 1 January 2020 and 30 April 2020 were 2.3Mt, down by 36% year-on-year from 3.6Mt in the corresponding period of 2019. Between March and April dispatches fell by 20% to 408,000t, down by 55% year-on-year from 907,000t in April 2019. The El Economista newspaper has reported that the decline ‘reflects the worsening of the fall in the private and public demand for housing, road, public works and infrastructure in all the districts of the country.’


Belgium: Cembureau, the European Cement Association, has published its new Carbon Neutrality Roadmap, setting out its ambition to reach net zero emissions along the cement and concrete value chain by 2050. The roadmap examines how CO2 emissions can be reduced at each stage of the value chain – clinker, cement, concrete, construction and (re)carbonation – to achieve zero net emissions by 2050. It quantifies the role of each technology in providing CO2 emissions savings, making concrete political and technical recommendations to support this objective.

“As Europe begins its green recovery, the significance of this moment for our sector is huge. This is our response to the EU Green Deal – we have a plan and are ready to make the leap.” said Raoul de Parisot, president of Cembureau. The association has identified areas where it says it requires decisive political action from the European Union (EU). These include: the development of a pan-European CO2 transportation and storage network; action on circular economy to support the use of non-recyclable waste and biomass waste in cement production; policies to reduce European building’s CO2 footprint, based on a life-cycle approach, that incentivise the market uptake of low-carbon cements; a ‘level’ playing field on carbon, regulatory certainty and an industrial transformation agenda.

Cembureau says it aspires to be in line with the Paris Agreement’s two degrees scenario, reducing CO2 emissions by 30% for cement and 40% down the value chain. Its chief executive Koen Coppenholle added that, “Carbon neutrality along our full value-chain will be a massive effort, but we are confident we can achieve it. Our sector has made significant progress and, with the right tools and support from the EU, we can go much further.”


Russia: SLK Cement has announced the production of AI-42.5B, a CEM-II limestone cement, at its Sukholozhskcement plant in Sverdlovsk Oblast. SLK Cement quality director Roman Stikharev said, “the decision to start mass production was made after successful laboratory and industrial tests, as well as receiving positive ratings from customers who participated in the tests.” The cement’s benefits are ‘high strength at an early age.’ SLK Cement’s next step will be ‘the improvement of cements with mineral additives.’


Spain: Cemex has supplied concrete made with barite (BaSO4)-containing cement for the construction of a bunker at the Carlos III Hospital in Madrid where radiological coronavirus treatments will be carried out. Alimarket Construction News has reported that the facility will have walls 2m thick. Cemex Spain Operations said, “Cemex is an expert company in the supply of special concretes for this type of hospital facilities. Proof of this is that it has already carried out more than a dozen actions of this type throughout the country.”


UK: Hanson has said that it is supplying 2000m3 of concrete to the Harwell Science Campus, Oxfordshire for use in the construction of the Vaccine Manufacture and Innovation Centre (VMIC), the first facility of its kind in the UK. Due to the on-going coronavirus outbreak, the centre will be finished ahead of schedule in mid-2021. Hanson UK West regional general manager James Moorhouse said, “We are working flat out to manage the accelerated requirements of the construction programme.”


Guinea: Sinoma Construction has reported that the first batch of cement has been produced from a moveable modular grinding (MMG) mill at a grinding plant in Guinea. Sinoma Construction produced and pre-assembled the mill in China. It said that this method ‘reduces installation time by 56%, reduces CO2 emissions by 43% and reduces the necessary labour by 70%.’ Sinoma Construction said that the project’s safe completion demonstrates that, “the project department is doing a good job in epidemic prevention and control, overcoming difficulties and successfully completing the commissioning of equipment.”


US: Lhoist North America has received permit approval from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality to build a new lime kiln at its Marble Falls plant. The new vertical kiln, which is expected to be operational in 2021, is primarily driven by growing demand for Lhoist's dolomitic lime products for the steel industry. The upgrade is also expected to create new jobs at the site.

"This project at Marble Falls aligns with our company's commitment to environmentally sustainable growth," said Ron Thompson, president and chief executive officer (CEO) of Lhoist North America. The building materials company added that, despite the impacts of coronavirus on the economy, it is investing to create jobs and meet critical supply chain demands, like steel production, which support future infrastructure growth in North America.


Argentina: Loma Negra’s sales of cement, masonry and lime fell by 26% year-on-year to 1.13Mt in first quarter of 2020. The decline was driven by the coronavirus lockdown in Argentina, where the subsidiary of Brazil’s InterCement has most of its sales. Concrete and aggregate sales volumes declined also. The company’s new revenue dropped by 29.6% to US$115m and its adjusted earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) fell by 17.9% to US$38.6m. However, the company’s accountant adjustment for use in so-called ‘hyperinflationary economies’ made a negative impact on these figures. With this adjustment removed both revenue and earnings reportedly rose in the first quarter.

“By the end of the first quarter the coronavirus broke out, bringing additional challenges to the already adverse background,” said Sergio Faifman, Loma Negra’s chief executive officer (CEO). He added that cement demand in Argentina nationally contracted by around 29% year-on-year in the first quarter of 2020.

The cement producer temporarily suspended its production facilities and its L´Amalí Expansion project in late March 2020 due to the government lockdown. Production and dispatches of cement were restarted in early April 2020 following the implementation of new sanitation protocols. The company has now resumed working on its upgrade project at L´Amalí.


US: Grupo Cementos de Chihuahua’s (GCC) Rapid City plant in South Dakota is working with Black Hills Energy to use wind power for around 50% of its electricity requirements. GCC has joined Black Hills Energy’s Renewable Ready Program, which will supply energy for 15 years.

Black Hills Energy will build a wind-power generating facility in 2020 to supply the plant located near Cheyenne in Wyoming. The Corriedale Wind Energy Project is anticipated to produce energy by the first quarter of 2021 that will be shared with subscribers in South Dakota and Wyoming. The program was designed for large commercial and industrial customers and governmental agencies in the company’s electric service territories in South Dakota and Wyoming.

“By choosing low-cost renewable energy resources to power our business, we’re able to advance our business goals and sustainability objectives while also supporting the expansion of affordable, renewable energy development in the region,” said Ron Henley, US division president of GCC.


Trinidad & Tobago: Trinidad Cement has been granted permission by the government to resume operations at its Claxton Bay integrated plant. It closed production in early April 2020 due to coronavirus-related government advice. General manager Guillermo Rojo said that the subsidiary of Cemex has implemented multiple protocols, including temperature testing at all access points and the activation of a local Rapid Response team.


Kenya: Bamburi Cement’s profit before tax grew by 17% year-on-year to US$6.9m in 2019 from US$5.8m in 2018. It attributed the result to cost cutting and an optimisation initiative under its ‘Building for Growth’ plan. It said that this was achieved in spite of a decline in the Kenyan cement market and lower selling prices.

“Despite market challenges, including the absence of sales to Rwanda through Hima Cement, the shelving of major infrastructural projects such as Phase 2B of the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) project in Kenya, contraction of the Kenyan market and price erosion fuelled by aggressive competitive pressure, both Bamburi Cement and Hima Cement grew share while sustaining respective market leadership,” said Bamburi Cement’s Group Managing Director Seddiq Hassani. He added that Bamburi Cement and Hima Cement remained resilient despite ‘challenging’ economic conditions.

The subsidiary of LafargeHolcim reported an increase in finance costs due to debt related to a capacity expansion project commissioned by Hima Cement in 2018. An impairment of assets in Rwanda was caused by its Hima Cement subsidiary in Uganda being unable to ‘access’ the market in Rwanda. The closure of the border between Uganda and Rwanda in February 2019 also further negatively impacted growth.

In Kenya, overall sales were negatively affected by the shift of volumes previously exported to Uganda from Bamburi Cement, following the commissioning of Hima Cement capacity expansion project in 2018, further reducing despatches from Bamburi Cement. In Uganda, although overall sales were negatively impacted by the inability to access the Rwanda market, Hima Cement domestic volumes grew.


Gabon: Data from the Directorate General of Economy and Tax Policy shows that national cement production rise by 10.6% year-on-year to 0.54Mt in 2019. The improving trend has been attributed to better use of existing manufacturing equipment and the resumption of activity at the CimGabon plant in Ntoum, according to the L’Union newspaper. Clinker imports also grew, by 14.6% to 0.44Mt. Overall cement sales increased by 8.5% to 0.53Mt.


Morocco: Ciments du Maroc has completed its acquisition of Atlantic Ciment and Cimsud from the Anouar Invest Group following an agreement originally signed in July 2019. The subsidiary of HeidelbergCement now owns 100% of the capital of the companies. Atlantic Ciment is building an integrated cement production plant in the province of Settat and Cimsud operates a grinding unit in Laâyoune with a capacity of 0.5Mt/yr. The cement producer said that the acquisition was part of its strategy to develop its cement, aggregates, and ready-mix concrete activities in Morocco.


India: Tata Chemicals has resumed full production of salt and sodium bicarbonate at its Mithapur site in Gujarat. It said that production levels have been matched to market demand for soda ash and cement. The 1500t/day integrated cement plant at the industrial complex manufactures two varieties of cement under the brand name Tata Shudh. Tata Chemicals has also resumed the operations at its chemical plants at Mambattu-Nellore in Andhra Pradesh, Sriperumbudur in Tamil Nadu and Cuddalore in Tamil Nadu). Operations at the company’s various production sites were scaled down in late march 2020 in response to the Indian coronavirus lockdown.


Vietnam: Data from the General Department of Vietnam Customs shows that cement exports fell by 9.7% year-on-year to 7.73Mt in the first quarter of 2020. The value of these exports declined by 17.4% to US$301m, according to the Viet Nam News newspaper. Exports to China dropped by 5.4% to 2.73Mt, exports to the Philippines dropped by 27.5% to 1.47Mt, exports to Bangladesh dropped by 5.5% to 1.34Mt and exports to Taiwan dropped by 7% to 0.46Mt.


Democratic Republic of Congo: China-based Sinoma International Engineering has announced the construction of a 1.0Mt/yr-capacity integrated cement plant in Lubudi Territory, Lualaba Province. Dow Jones Newswire has reported that the cost of the plant, which includes a lime production line, will be US$236m.


Philippines: LafargeHolcim’s sale of its 86% stake in Holcim Philippines to San Miguel Corporation for US$2.15bn has fallen through after the Philippines Competition Authority (PCC) failed to approve the deal within 12 months of its conclusion. Reuters News has reported that the agreement, dated 10 May 2020, covered the exchange of four integrated plants and one grinding plant. LafargeHolcim has been divesting assets to pay off debt. The sale of its Holcim Philippines stake would have completed its withdrawal from the South-East Asia market, where its operations across Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and the Philippines had been valued at US$4.90bn.

LafargeHolcim has said that three of its four integrated Philippines cement plants have been able to resume operations following the lockdown due to the coronavirus outbreak. It says that it will ‘focus on strengthening operations in the Philippines.’


Vietnam: Vietnam Cement Association (VCA) chair Nguyễn Quang Cung has announced the suspension of all cement plant projects scheduled to begin in 2020. Cung said that oversupply and a lack of financial liquidity have made it unfeasible for cement producers to finish cement plant projects, according to Vietnam News Brief Service. The average cost of an integrated cement plant in Vietnam is US$194m.

Two projects - the 2.5Mt/yr Tan Thanh cement plant and 2.3Mt/yr Long Son cement plant - will be completed in 2020, bringing the domestic integrated production capacity of Vietnam to 106Mt/yr across 86 plants.


UK: The government has encouraged construction work to resume from 11 May 2020. Foreign Secretary Dominic Raab said, “Those who can’t work from home - thinking particularly the construction and manufacturing sectors - we are encouraging to go back to work now.” The advice follows the Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s speech of 10 May 2020, in which he announced the easing of the nation’s coronavirus lockdown as it moves into its second phase. Johnson said that a second spike in infections would lead to a return to full lockdown.


Belarus: Krichevcementnoshifer exported US$2.47m-worth of cement in the first quarter of 2020, up by 41% year-on-year from US$1.75m-worth in the corresponding period of 2019. Belta News has reported that the company, whose 0.6Mt/yr integrated plant at Krichev, Mogilev region serves the eastern Belarusian and Russian markets, made total sales of US$15.4m, up by 22% year-on-year from US$12.6m. Krichevcementnoshifer CEO Vladimir Korchevsky said, “We consistently ship 5000t of cement to consumers every day. April 2020 saw shipments reach 6000t/day. We can conclude that, despite the current difficulties associated with the coronavirus pandemic, the demand for our products has not decreased.”

In April 2020 Krichevcementnoshifer completed construction of an elevated track for the unloading of bulk materials from railway cars, reducing unloading time.


Germany: Vecoplan has said that it will host 360-Degree Days, an exclusive live presentation from its technology centre, from 27 - 29 May 2020. It says that the event is aimed at filling the void left by the cancellation of IFAT 2020, which would have covered waste and raw materials management, due to the coronavirus outbreak. Vecoplan said, “Participants will learn all about recycling and processing technology, subdivided into several topic areas. Details on the content will be announced closer to the time.”


Germany: HeidelbergCement has reported a fall in first quarter revenues by 7% year-on-year in 2020, to Euro3.93bn from Euro4.24bn. Revenues fell by 6% in Western and Southern Europe and by 10% in the Asia-Pacific region, but rose by 11% in North America, by 2% in Northern and Eastern Europe and Central Asia and by 3% in Africa-Eastern Mediterranean Basin.

HeidelbergCement Managing Board
Chair Dominik von Achten said that, after year-on-year sales increases across all business lines, “from mid-March our sales volumes were significantly impaired by the effects of the coronavirus pandemic, such as state-imposed production downtimes and construction stoppages on major infrastructure projects.” Total cement and clinker sales over the period were 27.7Mt, down by 3.0% year-on-year from 28.6Mt.

Thanks to its COPE coronavirus action plan, HeidelbergCement says that it has reduced 2020 spending by Euro1.0bn. It says that it has Euro5.7bn of financial liquidity.


France: Vicat has reported first-quarter sales of Euro615m in 2020, up by 7% year-on-year from Euro600m in the first quarter of 2019. Cement sales grew by 5.5% to Euro319m (52% of total sales), up by 5.5% year-on-year from Euro302m.

Vicat chair and CEO Guy Sidos said, “The Group's performance over the first quarter of 2020 was solid despite a sharp slowdown at the end of the period in France, India and Italy.” In spite of the coronavirus crisis, “Industrial and commercial activity was maintained on almost all sites, in line with market evolutions.” Sidos says that the group expects ‘a significant impact on first-half results’ in 2020.


Pakistan: Producers dispatched 3.52Mt of cement in April 2020, down by 24% year-on-year from 4.61Mt in April 2019. Domestic consumption was 3.27Mt, down by 19% from 4.04Mt due to the coronavirus outbreak. The Business recorder newspaper has reported that cement producers were already ‘struggling to survive due to extremely high input costs.'

The All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association (APCMA) said, "The decline in construction activities around the world, including in Pakistan, contributed to a downfall in demand, however, the cement sector even otherwise was operating under acute distress."


India: Construction has stalled in Tamil Nadu because consumers are reportedly unable to buy cement. The supply chain has been disrupted because police have shut shops across the state following breaches of social distancing rules after the partial easing of the coronavirus lockdown.

Ramco Cements Managing Director Arrakundal Dharmakrishnan said, “We have instructed our dealers that they must follow social distancing norms.”

In neighbouring Telangana, chief minister Kalvakuntla Rao has extended the lockdown period to 29 May 2020, subject to a review on 15 May 2020 that may result in the resumption of construction works and the re-opening of non-essential shops.


US: Switzerland-based LafargeHolcim has named the eight recipients of its 38th annual Gygi and von Wyss Foundation Scholarship. LafargeHolcim subsidiary US Cement CEO Jamie Gentoso said, “It’s essential to invest in the education of the next generation and, with the rising costs of higher education, scholarships are more important than ever to help reduce the impact and assist in these students’ success.” Under the scholarship scheme, children of LafargeHolcim employees in the US can receive US$6000 towards higher education for a year and again for three subsequent years subject to academic performance.