Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW467 / 05 August 2020

Headlines


Building materials manufacturer Saint-Gobain summed up the situation large companies face due to coronavirus in its second quarter results when it said that it faced, “very different situations from one country and market to the next.” Financial results are in from many of the largest multinational cement producers outside of China and the basic picture is as Saint-Gobain describes.

Sales revenue for LafargeHolcim, HeidelbergCement and Cemex are all down by around 10% year-on-year for the first half of the year. The variation between different geographical regions is large with some reporting sales declines of up to 20% and others noting rising sales, with one above 5%. Generally, recoveries were reported in June 2020 or when governments relaxed their lockdowns. There’s more variation with earnings figures although this may be down partly to the different figures each company likes to use. Around this is plenty of talk about liquidity and cost cutting programmes to sooth investors.

Figure 1: Sales of selected major multinational cement producers in first half of 2020. Source: Company financial reports.

Figure 1: Sales of selected major multinational cement producers in first half of 2020. Source: Company financial reports.

Figure 2: Cement sales volumes of selected major multinational cement producers in first half of 2020. Source: Company financial reports.

Figure 2: Cement sales volumes of selected major multinational cement producers in first half of 2020. Source: Company financial reports.

Where it starts to become more interesting is when the companies talk about what they think will happen next. As Robert McCaffrey picked up upon in last week’s Global Cement Live there was a divergence between LafargeHolcim’s optimism for the second half of the year and HeidelbergCement’s caution. LafargeHolcim said it expected a, “Fast demand recovery with an encouraging outlook for the second half of 2020.” Instead, HeidelbergCement said, “A further wave of infections may occur at any time, which would have an impact on construction projects already started or announced in the individual countries. Against this backdrop, it is still not possible to estimate the full effect of the corona crisis on the company results for 2020.” Cemex sat on the fence with, “We expect that Covid-19 will continue to challenge our operations in new ways over the next few quarters.” Contrast this with Buzzi Unicem’s prediction, “Visibility for the second half of the year continues to be very limited and our forecasts are based on a scenario of gradual mitigation of the infections and related restrictions on economic activity.”

This difference in outlook may be subjective. Both LafargeHolcim and HeidelbergCement only had one geographical region each that reported growing sales in the first half of 2020 but LafargeHolcim’s ‘positive’ region represented a larger share of the group’s revenue. Alternatively, it may just be that the companies have different characters and this is reflected in their forecasts. Humans can be either be pessimistic or optimistic and so too can companies.

Of the large regional players, most of the Chinese cement producers are yet to release results for the second quarter of 2020 so there is little to say. Data out this week from China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology shows that cement output fell by 4.8% year-on-year to 1Bnt in the first half of 2020. UltraTech Cement, India’s largest producer, saw its revenue fall by 22.5% year-on-year to US$2.34bn for the first half of 2020. The worst of this was in the first quarter of the Indian financial year to 30 June 2020 with revenue falling by 33% with consolidated sales volumes down by 22% year-on-year to 14.7Mt. This coincided with the country’s ‘total’ lockdown period from late-March 2020 to 1 May 2020. Dangote Cement, a large African producer, reported growth in both sales and earnings with full or partial lockdown implemented in South Africa, Congo and Ghana in April 2020 before reopening in May 2020.

This is just a snapshot of what’s been happening with mid-year results awaited from the likes of CRH, Votorantim and, as mentioned above, the Chinese producers. Blanket lockdowns clearly damage construction markets, so future government strategies in tackling the ongoing wave of the pandemic or future waves will have consequences for the financial performance of construction material companies. In the meantime, in Europe at least at the moment, targeted regional lockdowns seem to be the public health measure of choice when outbreaks get out of control. How this translates to balance sheets will be revealed later in the year. In the meantime, while the world works out how to cope with coronavirus, expect more uncertainty.


Pakistan: Thatta Cement has appointed Khawaja Muhammad as its chairman. He succeeds Naheed Memon.


Mexico: Elementia has appointed María de Lourdes Barajas Flores as its chief financial officer (CFO). She succeeds Juan Francisco Sanchez Kramer who will leave the company to, “pursue new personal and professional opportunities.” Barajas Flores was the Director of Administration and Finance for the company’s cement division. Iris Josselin Fernandez Cruz, Elementia’s Head of Corporate Treasury will take over the responsibilities of the Investor Relations area.


Italy: Good performance in the US has helped Buzzi Unicem hold sales steady in the first half of 2020 despite falling sales volumes of cement, particularly in Italy and Eastern Europe, as the coronavirus pandemic spread. The group’s net sales remained stable at Euro1.52bn. Its cement sales volumes fell by 3.4% year-on-year to 13.4Mt from 13.9Mt in the same period in 2019. Concrete sales volumes decreased by 6.3% to 5.46Mm3 from 5.83Mm3. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 8.8% to Euro314m from Euro289m. The company said that the decline in sales volumes was counteracted by growing prices and lowered production costs.

In its outlook the group said, “The outlines of the pandemic, which in some countries has not yet reached the phase of controlled circulation, as well as the intensity of global recession and the demand for building materials may be characterized by further sudden developments in the coming months. Visibility for the second half of the year continues to be very limited and our forecasts are based on a scenario of gradual mitigation of the infections and related restrictions on economic activity, in the geographical areas where the group operates.” It added that it expected its recurring EBTIDA to possibly fall by 5 – 10% year-on-year in 2020.


Namibia: The Namibian Competition Commission has blocked the sale of Ohorongo Cement to China-based West China Cement on the grounds that it would ‘substantially’ reduce competition in the cement market. It warned that it could lead to coordination between Ohorongo Cement and Whale Rock Cement. The commission added that, “no concrete benefit would outweigh the detrimental effects that will result from the implementation of the proposed merger”.

West China Cement agreed to buy a majority stake in the cement company for US$104m from Germany-based Schwenk Zement subsidiary Schwenk Namibia in January 2020. Previously, Singaporean authorities stopped the sale of Schwenk Namibia to Singaporean-based International Cement Group (ICG) in September 2019 due to the latter’s inability to cover the losses of the Namibian company.


Niger: The government has approved a project by Kao Cement to spend US$287m on a plant in the Tahoua region. The scheme is expected to create over 300 jobs, according to Agence Ecofin. Kao Cement is based in Niamey. A previous government scheme in 2017 looked for investors to build a 0.95Mt/yr cement plant in Kao.


Egypt: Alexandria Portland Cement’s sales fell by 10% year-on-year to US$63.2m in the first half of 2020 from US$63.2m in the same period in 2019. Its net loss grew by 26% to US$13.2m from US$10.6m, according to Mubasher. The company is a subsidiary of Greece-based Titan Group.


Japan: A proposal by Mitsubishi Group on researching CO2 injection into concrete has been approved for a grant from the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organisation (NEDO). This joint project between Mitsubishi Group, Kajima Corporation, and Chugoku Electric Power aims to improve the existing technology so that it can be applied to the reinforced and cast-in-place concretes used in building construction. At present the group said that current carbon-recycling techniques are mainly used for unreinforced concretes, such as concrete blocks.

Mitsubishi Group has already been involved in the development of concrete projects that take advantage of carbon-recycling, including a zero-emission concrete called CO2-SUICOM. It added that carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) technologies, including carbon-recycling, are an excellent opportunity for the company to use its strengths between industries that both emit and use CO2.


India: JK Cement’s grey cement sales fell by around 20% year-on-year in the first quarter of its financial year to 30 June 2020. They have recovered gradually since coronavirus-related lockdowns eased. White cement sales have recovered slower and dropped by 50% in the first quarter. The cement producer temporarily suspended operations at its plants in five states in late March 2020. Operations resumed in late April 2020 in a phased manner. The company added that its capital and financial resources remained “entirely protected in spite of adverse impact on its sales.”


Colombia: Cement production fell by 20.8% year-on-year to 4.88Mt in the first half of 2020 from 6.17Mt in the same period in 2019. Data from DANE, the Colombian statistics organisation, shows that local despatches fell at a similar rate. Production in June 2020 dropped by 4.7% year-on-year to 0.98Mt from 1.03Mt in June 2019. Local cement production hit a low in April 2020 when the government imposed coronavirus-related lockdowns.


Argentina: Cement despatches fell by 30.6% year-on-year to 3.83Mt in the first half of 2020 from 5.51Mt in the same period in 2019. Data from the Asociación de Fabricantes de Cemento Portland (AFCP) shows that monthly despatches from the local market, exports and imports hit a low of 0.41Mt in April 2020, a 55% year-on-year drop, before starting to recover. Despatches were 0.80Mt in June 2020m , a 7% decline from 0.86Mt in June 2019. Local consumption has fallen by a similar proportion.


Nigeria: BUA Cement’s revenue grew by 12.7% year-on-year to US$261m in the first half of 2020 from US$232m in the same period of 2019. Its profit after tax rose by 13.7% to US$89.8m from US$78.9m. In comments reported by the Daily Independent newspaper, Yusuf Binji, the managing director of BUA Cement said that, “In a bid to further drive cost efficiencies and sustainability, we entered into strategic alliances for the supply of liquefied natural gas (LNG) at the Kalambaina, Sokoto State and the management of our mining operations.”

The cement producer has a production capacity of 8Mt/yr. It plans to increase this to 11Mt/yr when it commissions a new 3Mt/yr plant in Sokoto State in 2021.


Nigeria: Dangote Cement has presented 82 brand new trucks to its distributors to improve product distribution logistics to other retailers. A ceremony was held at the Enugu assembly plant of Shacman Truck following a driver training session, according to the Punch newspaper. The cement producer said that the trucks were presented under its Truck Empowerment Scheme, where distributors pay for the trucks on a 50-month instalment basis.


Germany: The Westküste100 green hydrogen project has received funding approval from the Federal Ministry of Economic Affairs. The plan is backed by an investment of Euro89m, with Euro30m of this total approved for the project’s launch in August 2020. The initiative intends to produce green hydrogen, transport it in the gas network, use it in industrial processes and to interlink different material cycles within the existing infrastructure. The consortium brings together ten partners: EDF Deutschland, Holcim Deutschland, OGE, Ørsted Deutschland, Raffinerie Heide, Heide’s municipal utility, Thüga and ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions, along with the Region Heide development agency and the Westküste University of Applied Sciences.

“An electrolysis plant with a capacity of 700MW - this is our vision and the next milestone in implementing the development targets laid down in the national hydrogen strategy by 2030,” said Jürgen Wollschläger, managing director of Raffinerie Heide and coordinator of the Westküste100 project.

The funding approval enables work to begin on the first phase of the project, which is set to run for five years. A newly formed joint venture, H2 Westküste, comprising EDF Deutschland, Ørsted and Raffinerie Heide, is to build a 30MW electrolyser which will produce green hydrogen from offshore wind energy and provide information on the operation, maintenance, control and grid compatibility of the equipment.

In a later stage of the project hydrogen from both electrolysis and CO2 from a cement plant in Schleswig-Holstein will be used in the process. During the initial phase of the Westküste100 project preparations will be made for converting the Lägerdorf cement plant to an oxyfuel combustion process.

Thorsten Hahn, chief executive officer (CEO) and chairman of Holcim (Deutschland) said, “For us, as a manufacturer of building materials, the funding approval is a key milestone on the way to decarbonising cement production. Now all of us involved in Westküste100 must move forward quickly, decisively and dynamically in order to achieve our ultimate goal of cross-sectoral coupling on a large industrial scale in the coming years.”


Italy: Italcementi and Calcestruzzi have supplied specialists and products, including 67,000m3 of concrete, for the Genoa-San Giorgio Bridge. The new structure has been built to replace the Morandi Bridge that collapsed in mid-2018. Products from the integrated Calusco d'Adda cement plant, the Novi Ligure grinding plant and Calcestruzzi’s concrete plants in Genoa supported the project.


Germany/UK: Langley Holdings says that the order intake for its subsidiary Claudius Peters was behind target for the first half of 2020 and expected to remain so for the rest of the year due to the associated lead time. Due to market disruption caused by the coronavirus pandemic the group has implemented short-time working and agreed “tariff reductions with the workforce” to reduce costs.

Overall, the group’s revenue rose by 3.4% year-on-year to Euro411m in the first half of 2020 from Euro397m in the same period in 2019. However, this was attributed to its acquisition of Marelli Motori in mid-2019. Its operating profit dropped by 81% to Euro3.84m from Euro20.5m.

“Although the 2020 result is not yet secure at this point, we do have reasonable visibility on the second half and my principal concern now is for 2021, although the extent to which Coronavirus impacts our businesses next year will not start to become apparent until the autumn. Currently all divisions are reporting delays to capital equipment order placements and I expect these delays to continue into next year. I hope to be proven wrong but any notion of a rapid recovery from the economic fallout from Coronavirus would in my view, be wishful thinking,” said Anthony J Langley, the chairman of Langley Holdings.


China: West China Cement says that its subsidiary Yaobai Special Cement has agreed to buy a 97.5% share of Kangding Paomashan Cement for US$105m. Kangding Paomashan Cement is currently building a 1.5Mt/yr cement production line in the northwest of Ganzi Prefecture of Tibet. The new plant is intended to benefit from its location when the Sichuan-Tibet Railway project fully opens in 2021.


India: Data from the Commerce and Industry Ministry shows that cement production fell by 85% year-on-year to 26.3Mt in the first six months of 2020 from 178Mt in the same period in 2019. Cement production in June 2020 fell by 7% year-on-year in June 2020 to 26.3Mt from 28.0Mt. India implemented a coronavirus-related lockdown that shut down industrial plants from late-March 2020 to early May 2020.


China: Data from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology shows that cement output fell by 4.8% year-on-year to 1Bnt in the first half of 2020. Output from the building materials sector as a whole decreased by 2.2%, according to the Xinhua News Agency. Overall, the sector’s sales revenue and profits decreased by 4.8% to US$344bn and 8.2% to US$26.8bn respectively.


UK: Breedon Group says it has completed the acquisition of selected assets from Cemex. Following instructions from the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) the assets will be operated as Pinnacle Construction Materials, a newly-created separate business led by its own management team and operating from its own offices. Pinnacle will offer a range of heavy building materials, including aggregates, asphalt, ready-mixed concrete, concrete products and cement, together with contracting services, from approximately 100 locations in England, Wales and Scotland.

The CMA is still investigating the acquisition and plans to announce its initial conclusions in late August 2020. Breedon Group expects to integrate Pinnacle into its UK business at a later date once this process is fully completed. Cemex agreed to sell Breedon Group some of its UK assets in January 2020. This included 49 ready-mix plants, 28 aggregate quarries and a cement terminal for Euro211m.


China: China Tianrui Group has reported gross CO2 emissions per tonne of cement of 910kg/t in 2019 in its latest sustainability report. Nitrogen oxide and particulate matter emissions were 7862t and 1380t, year-on-year decreases of 13% and 4% respectively. Its water consumption intensity decreased by 42% year-on-year to 1.12Mm3.

The group operates 20 clinker production lines and 59 cement grinding production lines. Its production capacity of clinker and cement was 28.4Mt tonnes and 56.7Mt respectively in 2019. Its plants are based in Henan, Liaoning, Anhui and Tianjin, with Henan and Liaoning accounting for the largest proportion.


Canada: Residents at Port-Daniel-Gascons in Quebec reported dust emissions from the McInnis Cement plant in June and July 2020. This has been blamed on mechanical breakdowns and a computer failure, according to the Journal de Québec newspaper. The cement producer says it has reported the situation to the local authorities. Commercial production at the plant started in mid-2017. The incidents reportedly took place as the plant reached its maximum production capacity.


France: Falls in sales in India, France and Italy since the end of the first quarter of 2020 have negatively affected Vicat’s half year results. However, it noted a rebound at the end of the period, particularly in France, and reported earnings growth in the US and Brazil. Its consolidated sales fell by 2.7% year-on-year to Euro1.30bn in the first half of 2020 from Euro1.34bn in the same period in 2019. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) decreased by 6.7% to Euro213mm.

“We kept our production activities running at almost all our sites to keep pace with market trends and seize any commercial opportunities by remaining close to our customers, which has helped to mitigate the impact of the crisis,” said Guy Sidos, the group’s chairman and chief executive officer (CEO). He added that, “In this unprecedented environment, visibility on our full-year performance remains limited.”


Thailand: Profits have risen at Siam City Cement due to cost cutting initiatives and lower energy prices despite disruption caused by government-related coronavirus responses. It also mothballed a kiln at its Saraburi plant in May 2020 to, “optimise resources and capacities corresponding to demand contraction across the region.” The group’s net sales fell by 10.9% year-on-year to US$679m in the first half of 2020 from US$792m in the same period in 2019. Its net profit rose by 6.2% to US$59.2m from US$55.8m.


US: Eagle Materials says it has sold over 2Mt of cement in a single quarter for the first time in its history. Sales volumes rose by 35% to 2.09Mt in the first quarter of its financial year to 30 June 2020 from 1.6Mt in the same period in 2019. Sales revenue from its Heavy Materials division grew by 35% to US$274m from US$203m.

“While we are very pleased with our first-quarter performance, we recognise a high level of uncertainty persists in our markets and the overall economy: despite the decline in jobless claims from the March peak, total unemployment remains historically high; state and local governments face ongoing revenue pressure, which could have the potential to constrain infrastructure budgets; and, in some geographic areas important to our business, Covid-19 case numbers continue to escalate,” said Michael Haack, president and chief executive officer (CEO).

The group announced plans in May 2019 to split its Heavy Materials and Light Materials divisions into two independent businesses. However, it says the timing remains ‘uncertain.’


Paraguay: Distributors of cement supplied by Industria Nacional del Cemento (INC) are reportedly waiting up to a month for their orders to be delivered, even if they pay in advance. The state-run cement company’s two plants are delivering around 40,000 bags/day despite a production capacity of up to 100,000 bags/day, according the ABC Color newspaper. INC inaugurated a new mill at its Villeta cement grinding plant in 2018 and has invested US$80m in its last set of upgrade projects.


India: India Ratings and Research has forecast a drop of cement demand of 10 – 15% in the 2021 financial year due to coronavirus lockdowns in some states and flooding in eastern and central regions in the second quarter, according to the Economic Times newspaper. The research report attributed this to oversupply of cement in eastern regions. It also added that companies with more rural markets were likely to benefit from a quicker recovery.


Japan: Sumitomo Osaka Cement is working on a three year CO2 mineralisation research project from 2020 to 2022 with Yamaguchi University, Kyushu University and the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organisation (NEDO). The initiative plans to develop the technology to build a process that captures CO2 exhaust from cement and power plants and then mineralises it with calcium-containing waste materials. It intends to use the process practically in 2030.


Japan: Taiheiyo Cement has installed three BWZ bucket elevators and a Louise TKF drag chain conveyor supplied by the Hong Kong-based subsidiary of Aumund at its new power plant at Ofunato. The cement producer uses both biomass and coal at the plant.

Two elevators and the drag chain conveyor are used to transport palm kernel shells (PKS) and palm empty fruit bunches (EFB), which are used as alternative fuels in the power plant. Each has a capacity of up to 150t/hr. The conveying concept is designed so that the different materials are kept apart and enter the silo buffer tanks separately. The third bucket elevator is used for coal handling. It is a gravity discharge type BWZ-S elevator with a capacity of up to 35t/hr.


Switzerland: LafargeHolcim says that net sales in each of its five regions ‘returned to prior-year levels by the end of June 2020’ following the easing of coronavirus-related lockdowns. Its net sales fell by 10.8% year-on-year to Euro9.95bn in the first half of 2020 on a like-for-like basis due to the ‘severe’ impact of the lockdowns on construction sites in several of its main operating countries. It also blamed negative currency effects for an additional fall in sales. Its recurring earnings before interest and taxation (EBIT) dropped by 22% to Euro1.11bn. Its net debt decreased by 15.8% to Euro9.91bn from Euro11.8bn. Cement sales volumes fell by 13.1% to 87.2Mt, aggregates by 6% to 114Mt and ready-mix concrete (RMC) by 18.6% to 19.2Mm3.

Group chief executive officer Jan Jenisch said, “Our half-year results demonstrate the great resilience of our business. I’m encouraged by our team’s agility to weather the storm with the rapid execution of our ‘Health, Cost & Cash’ action plan, effectively driving cost savings ahead of expectations, improving net working capital and delivering record free cash flow.” He added, “The peak of the crisis is behind us. We expect a solid second half of the year based on June’s full recovery, the trend of our order book and upcoming government stimulus packages.”

By region the group noted the most severe coronavirus-related disruption in Asia-Pacific despite China delivering a full recovery and growing sales volumes by the end of the second quarter. In Europe lockdowns in the UK and France had a particular impact and it said that, “volumes suggest a V-shaped recovery in June 2020 for the majority of markets, except in the UK.” Significant impacts were noted in Ecuador, Colombia and El Salvador in Latin America. Sales volumes declined in Algeria, Egypt, Iraq and South Africa in the group’s Middle East Africa region but Nigeria delivered a ‘resilient’ performance. Finally, North America was the groups best performing region with slight dips in cement and aggregate sales volumes but a rise in RMX and rising recurring EBIT. This was attributed to, “fast and effective cost management in the US.”


Germany: HeidelbergCement’s revenue fell by 10% year-on-year to Euro8.25bn in the first half of 2020 from Euro9.21bn in the same period in 2019. Its result from current operations before depreciation and amortisation (RCOBD) decreased by 2% to Euro1.40bn from Euro1.44bn. Sales volumes of cement dropped by 8% to 56.3Mt, aggregates by 7% to 135Mt and ready-mixed concrete (RMX) by 11% to 21.7Mm3. Its net debt decreased by 1.4% to Euro8.99bn.

“In the second quarter, revenue dropped in many countries, in some cases by double-digit percentages. Nevertheless, we achieved a good result, which was almost at the previous year’s level. The successful implementation of our COPE action plan played a large part in this,” said Dominik von Achten, chairman of the managing board of HeidelbergCement.

By region the group noted major falls in sales volumes, revenues and RCOBD in Western and Southern Europe and Asia-Pacific. Although it said that the construction industry in Germany had ‘hardly been affected by the corona crisis’ despite significant negative effects elsewhere in Europe.


Greece: Titan Group says that cost savings, lower prices for solid fuels and price ‘resilience’ all helped to grow its earnings in the first half of 2020. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBTIDA) rose by 12% year-on-year to Euro137m from Euro122m in the same period in 2019. Its revenue remained stable at Euro786m in the first half of 2020. Cement sales volumes fell by 2% to 7.9Mt but ready-mix concrete increased by 1.3% to 2.64Mm3 and aggregates increased by 2.6% to 9.2Mt. Although coronavirus-related lockdowns were mostly blamed for falling cement sales volumes they were also affected lower exports from Greece and the lack of fly ash supply in the US. Its US and Eastern Mediterranean regions contributed the most to its performance, with strong starts to the year in Egypt and Turkey before as the pandemic mounted.


UK/Ireland: Breedon Group’s sales fell by a quarter in the first half of 2020 due to coronavirus-related lockdown measures. Its revenue fell by 25% to Euro371m in the first half of 2020 from Euro495m in the same period in 2019. Its underlying earnings before interest and taxation (EBIT) dropped to Euro0.7m from Euro54.8m. Cement sales volumes deceased by 20% to 0.8Mt, aggregates by 20% to 8Mt and ready-mixed concrete (RMX) by 33% to 1Mm3. Its net debt fell by 26% to Euro281m.

“Following the encouraging performance of our businesses in the first 12 weeks of the year, the move into lockdown and immediate fall in demand in the latter part of March led us into a swift and managed shutdown of the majority of our operations, leaving open only those which were servicing critical needs,” said group chief executive officer (CEO) Pat Ward. He added, “The recovery in our markets now appears to be well underway, and we have seen continued improvement into July. The great majority of our sites are now open, including both our cement plants. While near-term uncertainty remains, there is significant pent-up demand to be satisfied in both housing and infrastructure.”


India: Calderys has completed its acquisition of Hysil’s calcium silicate insulation division. The deal was signed in January 2020 but delayed to July 2020 due to coronavirus-related lockdowns. Calcium silicate boards are used for thermal insulation in industries such as cement, metallurgy, oil refinery, petro-chemical and power plants. Calderys says it now the largest manufacturing capacity of calcium silicate boards in India and South East Asia. The purchase will enable it to expand its product portfolio and offer calcium silicate insulation products along with refractories solutions.