Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW521 / 01 September 2021

Headlines


It’s time for a macroscopic view of the Chinese cement sector this week with the release of the half-year financial results by some of the larger Chinese cement producers. On the national level the picture so far in 2021 has been one of continued recovery from the coronavirus lockdowns at the start of the year and then a slowing market as state controls on real estate speculation started to take effect. However, poor weather in the spring and mounting raw material prices appear to have compounded the effects of the real estate regulations, leading to price falls.

Cement output data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China in Graph 1 shows that local production took a knock in the first quarter of 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic and this strongly recovered in the same period in 2021. The market recovered fast in mid-2020 and so the year-on-year growth for the second quarter was less in 2021. Output on a monthly basis remained ahead year-on-year from April 2020 and stayed ahead until May 2021. However, output in June 2021 was behind the figure in June 2020 and the figure for July 2021 was behind both July 2020 and July 2019.

Graph 1: Cement output by quarter in China, 2019 – mid-2021. Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China.

Graph 1: Cement output by quarter in China, 2019 – mid-2021. Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China.

The Chinese Cement Association (CCA) was lamenting falling cement prices at the start of July 2021. It blamed the situation on slowing infrastructure development in some regions, increasing government restrictions on real estate development, especially poor mid-year weather and higher input prices such as for steel. China Resources Cement (CRC) expanded upon the point about increasing real estate regulations in its financial results for the first half of 2021 explaining that the Chinese government has been promoting a policy that aims to ensure that “residential properties are not for speculation” including controls on the financing of real estate. Later in mid-August 2021 the CCA reported that prices were recovering in east and central-southern regions although the situation remained poor in Guizhou province with shipments down to 60% of normal levels. Production control measures are expected to be implemented to stabilise the situation.

Graph 2: Sales revenue of large Chinese cement producers in first half of year, 2019 – 2021. Source: Company reports.

Graph 2: Sales revenue of large Chinese cement producers in first half of year, 2019 – 2021. Source: Company reports.

On the corporate side the sales revenue from some of the large Chinese cement producers mostly show the usual gap-tooth pattern that coronavirus has created everywhere as the market recovered. Notably Anhui Conch managed to avoid falling sales year-on-year in the first half of 2020. However, the CCA’s observation above about rising input costs is visible in the falling profits of some (but not all) of the companies covered here. For example, Anhui Conch’s net profit fell by 7% year-on-year to US$2.32bn in the first half of 2021. It blamed this on a significant rise in the price of raw coal. CRC also reported falling profits attributable to increased production costs.

CNBM reported an increase to cement and clinker sales volumes of 7.6% to 177Mt and concrete sales volumes by 13.4% to 52Mm3. It noted that, “In the first half of 2021, the national cement market showed the characteristics of high price level fluctuation adjustment.” From January to April 2021 local fiscal policy boosted demand for cement but from May 2021 continuous heavy rainfall and increasing bulk commodity prices slowed infrastructure project development. Anhui Conch’s cement and clinker sales volumes for both production and trading grew by 11.5% to 208Mt. It reported stable market demand in eastern, central and southern regions but noted falling prices in the west.

Looking ahead, two issues, among many, to consider are carbon trading and imports. The former has been coming for a while and was launched formally online nationally in mid-July 2021 for the power generation industry. The carbon price was nearly Euro7/t in late July 2021 in China compared to around Euro53/t in the European Union. Cement and steel are expected to join the Chinese national scheme in the next phase although analysts believe that issues such as data gathering, permit allocation rules, accounting standards, sector reduction targets and related financial support all need to be improved before this can happen. Imports are a connected issue and it has been interesting in recent months to hear financial analysts point out the risks, for example, of major exporting nations such as Vietnam relying on China so much. The CCA reckons that China imported 33.4Mt of clinker in 2020, an increase of 47% year-on-year, with 60% of this derived from Vietnam. With the Chinese government trying to tackle cement production overcapacity and meet growing environmental targets, imports look set to become a ‘hot ticket’ issue. In this context it is telling to see talk from the CCA of ensuring standards for imports such as verified carbon emissions. Naturally, the imports that could be trusted the most will probably be the ones from plants that Chinese cement producers have built themselves overseas. As waste importers into China found out previously, relying heavily on one market with strong state controls carries considerable risks. Cement exporters in South-East Asia take note.


Ecuador: Holcim Ecuador has appointed Caterina Costa de García as the chair of its board of directors. She is the first woman in the post and succeeds Oscar OrrantiaVernaza, who has stepped down to become the country’s ambassador to France.

Costa de García has worked for plastics manufacturer Poligrup for over 25 years becoming executive president in late 2020. She has also held leading positions at a number of national business associations such as the Chamber of Industries of Guayaquil, the Ecuadorian Business Committee and the Ecuadorian and Latin American Plastics Associations. She took her first degree from the Catholic University of Santiago in Guayaquil, earned a master’s degree in comparative law from New York University and a Master of Business Administration (MBA) from the Federico Santa María Technical University.


Philippines: Holcim Philippines has appointed Zoe Sibala Senior Vice President of Sustainability and expanded the role of Richard Cruz, Vice President of Health, Safety and Security to include the environment portfolio.

Sibala was Vice President of Strategy from 2017. She held management roles in finance, strategy and business development in Lafarge Philippines’ aggregates unit, which was acquired by Holcim in 2015. She holds a Master of Business Administration (MBA) from De La Salle University and a degree in economics from the University of the Philippines.

Cruz was appointed Vice President for Health, Safety and Security in 2018. Prior to this, he held management roles in the department. He joined Holcim Philippines' waste management unit Geocycle as laboratory engineer in 2008 and helped it attain an Integrated Management System certification (Quality, H&S and Environment). A graduate of the Central Luzon State University, Cruz is a licensed chemist and a certified security professional. He holds certifications in health and safety from accrediting organisations such as the National Examination Board in Occupational Safety and Health and the International Safety Rating System.


Cameroon: China-based Yousheng Cement has announced plans for a cement plant at the port of Douala in the Littoral region. According to the Ecofin Agency, the country has five cement plants at present. Construction is due to begin on a separate project at the port of Kribi in mid-late 2021.


Uzbekistan: The government has reduced cement producers’ income tax rate to 15% from 1 October 2021. The Uzbekistan Daily newspaper has reported that producers previously paid 20%.The government also halved the tax on limestone to US$2.11/t from US$4.22/t.


Germany/Brazil: Researchers at the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg in Saxony-Anhalt and the University of Pará in Pará have produced a cement alternative with 66% reduced CO2 emissions. A type of calcium sulphoaluminate cement, it replaces up to 60% of limestone in clinker with overburden from bauxite mining. Researchers demonstrated that the resulting product conforms to all standards for commercial Ordinary Portland Cement. The results of the research have been published in ‘Sustainable Materials and Technologies.’


Pakistan: The Association of Builders and Developers (ABAD) has asked the government to appoint a commission to investigate rises in cement prices. The Pakistan Observer newspaper has reported that ABAD chair Fayyaz Ilyas alleged that producers had colluded as a cartel. He said that price rises have prevented the construction sector from being able to realise the aims of the Naya Pakistan housing scheme.


Spain: Cementos Molins has agreed to acquire Hanson Hispania’s assets in Catalonia. The Expansión newspaper has reported that the business consists of two concrete plants and multiple quarries. It generated sales of Euro18m in 2020 and employs 41 people.

Chief executive officer Julio Rodríguez said "This operation will allow Cementos Molins to reinforce its presence in Spain and strengthen its leadership in sustainable concrete solutions in Catalonia." He added "The strategic location of the plants and quarries, close to the Barcelona metropolitan area, responds to our commitment to offer more efficient and sustainable solutions for homes and infrastructures."


Nepal: Huaxin Cement Narayani has completed construction of its 3000t/day Dhading cement plant in Bagmati and plans to commence production before November 2021. The Xinhua News Agency has reported that construction of plant, a joint venture of Vaidya’s Organisation of Industries and Trading Houses and China-based Huaxin Cement subsidiary Huaxin Central Asia Investment (Wuhan), started in early 2019 but was delayed by floods, disputes over land acquisition and the coronavirus pandemic. It is Nepal’s second cement plant backed by Chinese investors following the opening of Hongshi-Shivam Cement in 2018. In 2020, the country produced 7.49Mt of cement, towards serving a demand of 9.05Mt/yr nationally.


India: Dalmia Cement has signed three memoranda of understanding with the state government of Jharkhand. The memoranda provide that the Dalmia Bharat subsidiary will invest US$104m in expanding its cement operations in the state. The producer’s plans consist of a US$68.5m upgrade and capacity expansion to its Bokaro cement grinding plant. The project will increase the existing production line’s capacity to 3.7Mt/yr and add a new grinding line, bringing the total plant’s capacity to 6.3Mt/yr. In addition the cement producer will spend US$34m towards building a solar power plant and the remainder will be spent on setting up a waste management facility.


Belgium: Holcim Belgium is hosting a public meeting as a preliminary step towards applying for a permit to install a new kiln line at its Obourg cement plant in Mons. The line is intended to replace the existing kiln line as it reaches the end of its operational life. The subsidiary of Switzerland-based Holcim has called the proposed project Go4Zero. The new kiln will be designed to concentrate CO2 emissions to allow for capture and recovery. Limestone for the plant will be extracted from a quarry at Tournaisis and transported to the plant by railway.


Australia: A South Australian court has found former Adbri (formerly called Adelaide Brighton) accounts manager Glenda Burgess guilty of nine counts of deception and nine counts of dishonest dealing between 2009 and 2017. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation has reported that Burgess increased AdBri’s customer Concrete Supply’s credit limits, concealed its debts and created ‘large’ manual entries in her employer’s accounts to benefit it. The company only paid around US$14.5m for cement worth US$23m during the period under investigation. However, the prosecution said that Concrete Supply was not complicit in the alleged crime. Sentencing for the case is due to take place later in 2021.


Myanmar: An outbreak of Covid-19 in Panglaung township, where 57 new cases have been recorded since late August 2021, allegedly originated at a cement plant. The Shan Herald Agency has reported that the Nagar cement plant in Si Kip, Shan state was allegedly flouting Covid-19 safety regulations. 21 employees of the plant have tested positive in the latest outbreak of the virus.


Sweden: Cementa will not be able to appeal a land and environmental court’s ruling preventing it from using its quarries on the island of Gotland. The Swedish supreme court has ruled that the subsidiary of Germany-based HeidelbergCement has no basis for appeal. Its previous application to extend mining activities at the sites until 2041 failed due to shortcomings in its environmental impact assessments. The quarries supply cement production at the company’s Slite cement plant in Gotland.


Japan: Sumitomo Osaka Cement has joined the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Decisions (TCFD) Consortium. The consortium is committed to facilitating effective and efficient disclosure of climate-related corporate information and their use by financial institutions. As a member, Sumitomo Osaka Cement will conduct scenario analysis on the climate change impacts of all its businesses. This includes its cement business, which the company says accounts for the majority of its CO2 emissions.


UK: Finland-based Metso Outotec has awarded a contract to Duo Group to provide distribution services for its British aggregates equipment and services business. Under the terms of the contract, Duo Group will deliver the supplier’s products and provide technical support to its quarry customers in England, Scotland and Wales. Metso Outotec presently provides both services itself. The contract will enter force in September 2021.

Distribution management senior vice president Olli-Pekka Oksanen said “We are very pleased to announce the partnership with Duo. The partnership expands our distribution model to include the larger aggregates quarrying customers in the UK. With Duo’s local presence and world class know-how, we will improve our ability to offer more comprehensive aggregate solutions and aftermarket support with the agility and responsiveness appreciated by the quarrying customers.”


Ireland: CRH’s first-half consolidated sales rose by 15% year-on-year in 2021 to Euro14.0bn from Euro12.2bn in the first half of 2020. Its earnings before interest, depreciation, taxation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 25% to Euro2.00bn from Euro1.59bn. Group profit for the period more than doubled to Euro815m from Euro406m. The divestment of its Brazilian cement business during the half contributed towards the profit growth. Cement volumes increased in all of the group’s regions. Cement, lime and cement products sales rose by 21% to Euro2.36bn from Euro1.94bn.

Chief Executive Albert Manifold said ‘‘I am pleased to report a good first half as the strength and resilience of our business model once again delivers superior performance for CRH. Our integrated and solutions-focused approach leaves us uniquely positioned for the changing needs of construction, while our continued strong cash generation provides us with the flexibility to invest in future growth opportunities for our business. Based on current trading conditions and the positive momentum that we see across our markets, we expect second-half group EBITDA to be ahead of a record prior year.’’


South Korea: Sampyo Group has announced a planned investment of US$171m before 2030 to reduce Scope 1 and 2 CO2 emissions by 35% over the period from an August 2021 baseline. The parent company of Sampyo Cement plans to achieve this in the first phase by increased its use of alternative fuels, improving energy efficiency, introducing low-carbon raw materials such as fly ash and developing sustainable products. The company is targeting net zero CO2 production by 2050.


Ghana: The district government of Shai-Osudoku in Accra has stopped the construction of an ‘illegal’ cement plant. The Daily Guide newspaper has reported that a China-based producer had been building the plant without a permit.


Canada: Lafarge Canada has signed a deal with aerated concrete block producer Cematrix to renew its cement supply and joint marketing agreement with the company. The new agreement is effective until 2026.

Western Canada sales and logistics vice-president Cory Cannon said "Lafarge and Cematrix have worked together seamlessly throughout Canada. The extension of these agreements is a natural result of the joint successes we have experienced on numerous projects with the full expectation that this relationship will only continue to grow into the future."


US: LafargeHolcim US, part of Switzerland-based Holcim, has launched its CementDirect ready-mix concrete delivery mobile and web application (app) on the US market. The app consolidates ordering, tracking and shipping records for customers. Plant operators will be able to sign-off on deliveries and access bills of lading remotely.

Supply chain senior vice president Kristin Beck said “More than ever, ready-mix producers are operating under significant constraints. CementDirect allows for easier access to delivery information and removes the daily burden of managing and storing paper.”