Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW534 / 01 December 2021

Headlines


Holcim has announced today that it has concluded the sale of its 75% stake of its Zambian business to Huaxin Cement. Meanwhile, in Tanzania last week, Huaxin Cement officially commissioned a cement grinding line at its Tanzanian Maweni Limestone plant. China produces about half the world’s cement and some its producers are expanding overseas as domestic growth dwindles. These actions and others place increased scrutiny on sustainability issues for Chinese cement producers. Readers therefore may be interested to note the publication last week of a list of the 100 largest Chinese corporate emitters of CO2 in 2020.

The Chinese Cement Association (CCA) website carries some highlights on the work by from the cement sector’s perspective. China Venture Carbon and Caixin compiled the list of publicly listed companies using a mixture of freely available data such as sustainability reports, by adjusting public data or by making estimates. The companies covered released 4.42Bnt of CO2 in 2020 or 45% of the Chinese total. The 15 cement firms in the top 100 were responsible for 893Mt of CO2 or around 9% of the national total. This ratio is in keeping with the usual 5 – 10% share of global CO2 emissions attributed to cement production.

Graph 1: Global gross CO2 emissions by large cement companies in 2020. Source: China Venture Carbon/ Caixin, corporate sustainability reports.

Graph 1: Global gross CO2 emissions by large cement companies in 2020. Source: China Venture Carbon/ Caixin, corporate sustainability reports. Note: Includes all reported direct and indirect emissions for all company business lines.

Many of the Chinese cement companies already release sustainability data each year so this data isn’t exactly new. Yet seeing it all in one place like this is illuminating. Unsurprisingly, on the cement side the ranking is a list of producers ordered roughly by production capacity. The world’s biggest cement producer CNBM is also the cement company that emits the most CO2. It released 255Mt of CO2 in 2020. If it were a country, for example, it would be around the 20th largest emitter in the world with a similar output to France or Thailand. In China CNBM is then followed by Anhui Conch, BBMG, Tangshan Jidong Cement and China Resources Cement (CRC).

Graph 1 above also includes the total gross CO2 emissions for other large cement producers outside of China in 2020 for comparison. These figures are estimates compiled from company sustainability reports and they attempt to cover all direct and indirect emissions across all business lines not just cement. Similar to the Chinese list, generally, the less CO2 a cement company emits on this graph the less cement it produces. It is also worth noting that 2020 was an unusual year given the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. Generally this reduced global manufacturing output but there was wide regional variation.

The other interesting point to note from the China Venture Carbon-Caixin project is that they re-ranked their list by carbon emission intensity, measured as emissions as a proportion of revenue. This totally changes the ordering. Where before the 15 cement companies were fairly evenly spaced out amongst power generators, coal producers and petrochemical companies, now all of them are in the top 50. As the CCA notes in its commentary, “The emission intensity of electricity and cement is much higher than that of other industries. The top 30 companies in terms of carbon emission intensity are almost all power and cement companies.” Whilst most of these companies are probably safe for the time being, given their size, what this might mean for smaller Chinese cement companies with high emission intensity in light of the Chinese government’s energy efficiency drives might be seen as worrying.

Promoting gross CO2 emissions by cement producers is generally avoided by cement producers because it makes them look bad! It prompts an argument with the environmental lobby and doesn’t recognise the essential nature of cementitious building products to society. However, to their credit producers are publishing the data. The preferred metric for the non-Chinese multinationals is specific emissions per tonne of cement as this better shows the hard-work made to reduce emissions. However, this risks a credibility gap from the outside world, if specific emissions go down but total emissions keep rising each year. In the meantime though the more data the better from China and everywhere else.


Thailand: Siam Cement Group has appointed Wiroat Rattanachaisit as the Vice President of its Regional Cement Building Materials Business with effect from the start of 2022. He also becomes the Vice President of the group’s Housing Products and Solution Business. Rattanachaisit is currently a country director for the group’s cement business in Indonesia. He holds a bachelor’s degree in business administration from University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce and also attended the Harvard Business School’s Advanced Management Program.


Finland: Cross Wrap has appointed Jukka Pennanen as its chief executive officer from the start of 2022. He succeeds Satu Kivelä in the post. She has held the position since 1994. Saalasti Group purchased 100% of Cross Wrap’s shares in February 2021.

Pennanen joined the baling and wrapping engineering company in October 2021 as a chief operating officer. Prior to this he has held a number of positions including running managing consultancy Luotsaaja for a decade. Earlier in his career he worked for Nokia for over 10 years in marketing and sales positions.


Zambia: Huaxin Cement has concluded its acquisition of Holcim's Zambian business. The business consists of a 75% stake in Lafarge Zambia. The company is reported to have a total value of US$150m. Both Chinese and Zambian competition authorities have now approved the deal.

Holcim's chief executive officer Jan Jenisch said "This divestment is another step in our transformation to become the global leader in innovative and sustainable building solutions, giving us the flexibility to continue investing in attractive growth opportunities. Huaxin has been a trusted partner for many years and we see the company as an ideal owner to further develop the business in Zambia."

In 2020 and the first 11 months of 2021, the Switzerland-based group received US$3.1bn from divestments.


Sierra Leone: HeidelbergCement has agreed to sell its 50% stake in Sierra Leone Cement Corporation to Diamond Cement Group. Sierra Leone Cement Corporation's assets consist of the 500,000t/yr Freetown grinding plant. HeidelbergCement said that its regional activity will now focus on its key markets of Benin, Burkino Faso, the Gambia, Ghana, Liberia and Togo.


India: Saurashtra Cement and Gujarat Sidhee Cement have agreed to merge into a single entity. Their respective boards of directors approved the plans on 30 December 2021.


India: Dalmia Cement has presented its plans for its planned Bokaro, Jharkhand, grinding plant expansion and heard locals' concerns at a community meeting. The company said that the plant would increase local employment and agreed to compensate communities impacted by its operations. The plans consist of the installation of 2Mt/yr-worth of new grinding capacity on 0.1ha of land.


India: UltraTech Cement has begun mining coal at its Bicharpur coal mine in Madhya Pradesh. The producer will use the coal in its cement production. UltraTech Cement acquired the 29Mt Bicharpur coal mine at auction in 2015.


Tanzania: Huaxin Cement has commissioned the grinding system at its Maweni Limestone plant near Tanga. The China-based company acquired the company from Athi River Mining (ARM) Cement in mid-2020. It then invested US$145m on an upgrade to the unit and started trial clinker production in June 2020. The upgraded plant has a production capacity of 1.6Mt/yr. Huaxin Cement says this is the first time it has directly produced cement in Africa rather than exporting it there.


Poland: Lafarge Poland says it plans to stop production CEM I Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by the end of 2025. As part of its sustainable development strategy to 2030 it intends to gradually start phasing out CEM I from the end of 2022, starting with its CEM I 42.5 R Special bagged product. The subsidiary of Holcim will switch to products in the group’s ECOPlanet range instead. So far in 2020 ECOPlanet products were responsible for 10% of the sales from Lafarge Poland’s Kujawy plant.


Sri Lanka: Insee Cement has signed a memorandum of understanding with the Hambantota International Port Group (HIPG) to ensure the efficient transfer of raw materials to the Galle cement plant via the Hambantota Port. The agreement was signed between Gustavo Navarro, chief executive officer (CEO) of Insee Cement, and Johnson Liu, the CEO of HIPG.

“Insee Cement was Hambantota International Port’s first customer for dry bulk cargo and we greatly appreciate the trust they placed in us. We have worked with them from 2018 and have been able to greatly increase our productivity in handling dry bulk volumes,” said Liu. Navarro added, ““Due to the limitations we have experienced in our previous operations, we couldn’t bring bigger vessels with larger volumes. HIP has been a great business partner for us and the port came up with some creative solutions to get our raw materials delivered efficiently and in a timely manner which made a positive impact on our operation.”


China: China has increased its production of cement by 2.1% year-on-year to 1.97Bnt in the first 10 months of 2021. Xinhua’s China Economic Information Service has reported that the country exported US$19.6bn-worth of building materials over the period, up by 13%, while its domestic construction market grew by 11%.


Japan: Sumitomo Osaka Cement recorded consolidated first-half sales of US$790m in its 2022 financial year, down by 20% from US$993m in the first half of the 2021 financial year. Its cement sales were US$544m, down by 31% from US$784m. It exported 778Mt of cement, up by 33% from 594Mt in the first half of the 2021 financial year. Its domestic sales volume was 4.1Mt, up by 1.2% from 4.05Mt.

The group forecast full-year consolidated sales of US$1.65bn, down by 22% year-on-year from US$2.12bn.


France: Hoffmann Green Cement Technologies plans to expand its low-CO2 cement’s presence in and beyond France through the establishment of 15 – 20 new licenced plants before 2030. The Les Echos newspaper has reported that the company plans to raise Euro25m, of which it will invest Euro15.7m in international licencing contracts for its technology. In 2026, it expects the contracts to derive 10Mt of its revenues, 7.7% of its target for the year.


Spain: Cementos Cosmos plans to scale down the production of clinker at its Córdoba cement plant as a result as the high cost of electricity. The Cordoba Day newspaper has reported that parent company Votorantim Cimentos said that clinker grinding operations at the site will continue to ensure a sufficient cement supply in the region.

The Córdoba cement plant employs 48 people. The company is currently negotiating the situation and the scope of its impacts with the workforce.


Vietnam: Vietnam exported 43Mt of cement and clinker in the first 11 months of 2021, up by 24% year-on-year from 11-month export volumes in 2020. Viet Nam News has reported that the value of Vietnam’s cement and clinker exports rose by 28% to US$1.67bn. The country’s full-year cement and clinker exports in 2020 were 38.4Mt, with a total value of US$1.44bn.


Nepal: China-based Hongshi Group has received clearance from the Nepal Rastra Bank to invest US$125m into Dang Cement. Hongshi Group owns an 85% stake in the cement producer, according to the Republica newspaper. The remaining 15% stake is owned by Shivam Cement. The investment will be used to build a 6000t/day production line at Dang Cement’s plant in Dang region. The project was previously approved by the Investment Board Nepal in late 2020 for commissioning in late 2023.


North Korea: Manpho cement plant has increased its production capacity by 20% through ‘technical innovations.’ Korean News Service has reported that the installation of new equipment in the plant’s kiln line also improved clinker quality.


India: ACC and Ambuja Cements have partnered with the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IITD) to develop a range of calcined clay cements with 50% lower CO2 emissions than Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The collaboration will vary clinker, calcined clay and limestone levels in calcined clay cements in order to ascertain their effects on its performance. France-based Holcim Innovation Centre will fund the research.

Holcim India chief executive officer and managing director Neeraj Akhoury said "Through our extensive research and development setup, we consistently strive to develop new low-CO2 materials for the construction industry. Calcined clay cement is one such avenue to make a significant quantitative difference in the industry and further accelerate our sustainability drive. Our academic partnership with IITD is a big step towards building a greener future and we are excited to collaborate with the best minds in the country."

The producers have previously partnered with the Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM) to study low-CO2 binders with alternative reinforcements and with the Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH) to develop smart sensing technology for continuous on-site strength evaluation of a concrete structure.


Mexico: A fire at Cruz Azul’s Tula cement plant in Hidalgo has been reported as being started intentionally by sources quoted by the Excélsior newspaper. A fire on a 500m conveyor belt at the unit was reported in the early morning on 28 November 2021. Production at the plant will not be affected. Repair work on the conveyor is expected to take up to 20 days. An official cause for the fire has yet to be disclosed.


US: Cemex USA has sold its headquarters in West Palm Beach, Florida for US$13.4m. The South Florida Business Journal newspaper has reported that the company will vacate the property in early 2022. It will relocate to a nearby smaller office. Cemex USA has occupied its current headquarters since 1983. According to sources quoted by the newspaper, it no longer requires the 20,000m2 space due to increased rates of remote working by staff.


Nigeria: Finland-based Wärtsilä has secured another contract for the supply of a 70MW dual-fuel gas-fired power plant to BUA Cement, this time for the upcoming Line 3 of its Obu cement plant in Edo state. The Sun newspaper has reported that the line and a new fourth line at Sokoto cement plant will bring the company’s total cement capacity to 17Mt/yr when commissioned in 2022. BUA Cement is scheduled to commission the Sokoto cement plant’s new Line 3 in November 2021.

Chair Abdul Samad Rabiu said “Currently, we have phased out the use of coal across our factories and are now shifting to gas-powered plants. As we ramp up our capacity, there is need to complement it with efficient power supply and Wärtsilä’s technology has been found to be durable and uniquely aligned with our vision for more efficient power generation at all our production locations.”


India: The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) has awarded UltraTech Cement its Indian Circular Economy Award 2021 in the large enterprise category. The federation said that the award recognises UltraTech Cement's efforts to accelerate the development of a circular economic business model and celebrates its new impactful and innovative practices in 2021.


UK: Construction company Milestone Infrastructure used cement-free concrete supplied by DB Group subsidiary Cemfree to lay kerbs for a new road in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire. The work consisted of a road widening in order to create new cycle and bus lanes with floating bus stops and an innovative cycle roundabout. Milestone Infrastructure built 13,000m2 of new paths and cycle lanes, diverted 74 underground utilities and resurfaced 18,000m2 of road. The project begun in February 2020.


India: Grasim Industries has reported a change to its shareholding arrangements. Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India has concluded its sale of a 2% of stake in the company. LIC retains 9.8% of shares.


India: The 5th National Conclave on Mines and Minerals has granted its Five Star mine management award to two Ramco Cements limestone mines. These are the Melavenkateswarapuram mine and Pudupalayam and Periyangalur mine in Tamil Nadu. This is the fourth successive year that the company has won a Five Star award for its mining operations in the state.


India: Ramco Cements has commissioned a new waste heat recovery (WHR) unit on Line 3 of its Jayanthipuram cement plant in Andhra Pradesh. The company said that the system consists of two boilers and that the first on the line’s cooler has been started. A second boiler situated at the line’s preheater will be commissioned in June 2022. The new installation increases the Jayanthipuram plant’s WHR capacity by 31% to 21MW.


UK: Breedon Group has told investors that its consolidated sales in the first ten months of 2021 were Euro1.24bn, up by 31% compared to their levels in the corresponding period of 2020. The group said that its ‘layered hedging policy’ mitigated key commodity cost pressures during the period. As such, it raised its 2021 full-year underlying earnings before interest, depreciation and taxation (EBIT) forecast to more than Euro145m.


Philippines: Holcim Philippines has announced the launch of its ECOPlanet slag cement. It says the product has a 30% lower carbon footprint than other general purposes products. The company will sell 40kg bags of cement in both paper and plastic bags.

Holcim Philippines president and chief executive officer Horia Adrian said, “Winning with purpose requires delivering our customer promise while also caring for the planet.” He added, “We see a growing interest in building greener structures in the Philippines. ECOPlanet enables us to provide our partners with the best balance of delivering strength and durability while helping make construction more respectful of the environment. It is another key step in our promise to build greener, smarter and for all in the Philippines.”


Indonesia: Thailand-based Siam Cement Group (SCG) has completed its acquisition of a 13% stake in building materials retailer Caturkarda Depo Bangunan (CKDB). SCG made the purchase through a joint venture its runs with Siam Global House. The cement producer said that the acquisition was intended to support its strategic expansion in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations region and that it might increase its stake at a later date. CKDB is headquartered in Surabaya, East Java.


Switzerland: Holcim has launched the DYNAMax range of high-performance concretes. The producer says that the range offers higher compressive strength, rigidity and durability than its other concrete products. In 2022, it plans to begin marketing DYNAMax in ten markets in its Asia Pacific, Europe, Latin America and North America regions.

Chief executive officer Jan Jenisch said “I’m excited by the launch of our DYNAMax high-performance concrete, advancing our global range of innovative and sustainable building solutions. With today’s population and urbanisation trends, DYNAMax is an ideal material to build smarter cities. It offers high performance to build more with less with no compromise on aesthetics and functionality.”