Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW580 / 26 October 2022

Headlines


Dangote Cement’s Obajana plant has been the focus of an argument between the cement producer and the Kogi State Government (KSG) in recent weeks. The integrated plant was forced to close in early October 2022 and then reopened in mid-October 2022 following an order by the Federal Government. The dispute then entered a legal phase, with the state government taking Dangote Cement to court. The case is ongoing.

The current stage of the disagreement dates back to late August 2022 when the Kogi State House of Assembly reportedly set up a committee to investigate the shares that the state owned in Dangote Cement and other organisations as part of an initiative to examine tax revenue from mining companies. By the end of September 2022 this had turned into a discussion about how exactly Dangote Cement had originally acquired its shares in the Obajana cement plant in Kogi state as well as how much tax it was paying. In early October 2022 the local government ordered the closure of the plant. Events then turned nasty as local vigilantes attacked the plant and hurt some of its staff. In the general unrest that followed the Kogi State House of Assembly was destroyed in a fire. The plant partially reopened fairly quickly and then fully once the Federal Government intervened. Legal action was then started at the Kogi High Court.

Unusually for this kind of disagreement both sides have published detailed information on their respective arguments. Dangote Cement’s parent company Dangote Industries outlined how it originally came to build and own the Obajana cement plant. In short, it signed deals in 2002 and 2003 to buy a 100% stake in Obajana Cement from the KSG, before the plant was built, with the proviso that the state could later buy a 5% share within five years. Dangote Industries then independently financed and built the plant and Obajana Cement later became Dangote Cement. Crucially, according to Dangote Industries, KSG never bought its 5% share. On the opposing side, the KSG has published what it says is the original contract and annexes that it signed with Dangote Industries. This agrees with some of what Dangote Industries has said, especially the part about the option to buy a 5% stake within five years. However, according to reports in the local press, KSG is attempting to persuade the judiciary to cancel the original contract on the grounds that it lacked clear consideration of what should pass from the state to Dangote Industries in return for giving the latter full ownership of Obajana Cement. In other words, the KSG is querying whether the contract is valid given that it received apparently nothing for giving a company away.

The Obajana cement plant was later built and it became operational in 2007. Today it is the largest cement plant in Nigeria and one of the largest in Africa. It produces around a third of the country’s cement and this is why its closure earlier in October 2022 became a national issue. Since the early 2000s Dangote Cement has become the biggest cement producer in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is both a success story for the region and the world.

There may be issues with the perceived or actual contribution Dangote Cement is making locally in Kogi State. These are the kinds of issues that both companies and governments contend with continually. Companies consider where it is cost effective to place investments and governments try to entice them. It is possible that the KSG gave Obajana Cement to Dangote Industries in what it retrospectively considers is a poor deal. It is also possible that Dangote Cement has not paid sufficient tax, although it strongly denies this, and the KSG seems to have moved on from this line of attack. What may be the bigger issue here is if Dangote Cement is perceived to have not paid its dues in Kogi State. However, it seems odd that the KSG would suddenly decide to go after Dangote Industries nearly 20 years after agreeing to the deal. It also seems strange that no lawyer for either party flagged the consideration issue at the time. Thankfully calmness has now prevailed in the state and the cement plant remains open. It is for the courts to decide the validity of the original contract between Dangote Industries and the KSG.


South Korea: Hanil Cement has appointed its chief executive officer (CEO) and vice-president Jeon Gun-Sik as its president. He first joined the company in 1991, according to the Maeil Business Newspaper. He worked as the vice plant manager of the Danyang Plant, the head of the business planning department, the head of the business division and the executive vice-president of the head office of Hanil Hyundai Cement. Notably in 2017 he oversaw the acquisition of Hyundai Cement, a subsidiary now known as Hanil Hyundai Cement, that he also runs as CEO and president.


US: Bunting has appointed Robert Bunting as its president and chief executive officer. He succeeds his father, Bob Bunting, in the role. Bunting Senior has now become chair of the company.

Robert Bunting joined Bunting’s Elk Grove Village magnet sales team in 2007. He later became the company’s Global Product Manager for Metal Detection in 2014 and then General Manager of Bunting Elk Grove Village in 2016. He previously sat on the business intelligence committee for PMMI (The Association for Packaging and Processing) and is the marketing director of the Process Equipment Manufacturers' Association (PEMA) at present. He holds a degree in business management at Rockhurst University in Kansas City, Missouri and previously worked for Sun Life Financial.

Bunting is a designer and manufacturer of magnetic separators, metal detectors, magnets, magnetic assemblies and magnetising equipment. The company has its headquarters in Newton, Kansas. It was originally founded in 1959 in Chicago, Illinois by Walter F Bunting, the grandfather of Robert Bunting.


China: China Resources Cement’s turnover fell by 21.5% year-on-year to US$3.08bn in the first nine months of 2022 from US$3.93bn in the same period in 2021. Its profit dropped by 65% to US$234m from US$677m. Cement and concrete sales volumes decreased by 17% to 52.5Mt and 26% to 8.04Mm3, although clinker sales volumes grew slightly. Sales by geographical region fell in all provinces, with the exception of Hunan. The company blamed falling profits on production costs and falling sales.


Germany: Ireland-based CRH has agreed to sell its subsidiaries Opterra Zement and Opterra Beton to Thomas Gruppe. Thomas Gruppe expects to complete its acquisition of the businesses later in 2022. Opterra Zement owns the 1.4Mt/yr Karsdorf, Saxony-Anhalt, cement plant and 0.5Mt/yr Sötenich, North Rhine-Westphalia, grinding plant, the latter of which is closed. Opterra Beton operates the Neufahrn, Bavaria, ready-mix concrete batching plant.

Thomas Gruppe said "For years, we have been pursuing a steady and long-term growth course in the field of cement and precast and ready-mix concrete. In the cement segment, our competitive position improved significantly with the purchase of the Erwitte (North Rhine-Westphalia) plant in 2017. Together with the grinding plant in Dorndorf (Thuringia), we have achieved a significantly larger area coverage in Germany, and also in the Netherlands, and benefit from synergy effects." It continued "We would like to continue on this growth course. An opportunity like the one to take over the cement plant in Karsdorf does not come often. The Karsdorf plant, with its gigantic limestone deposits, its market position of well over 1Mt/yr of cement and its experienced team, enables us better to supply our customers, and to leverage improvement potential. In addition, Karsdorf is of sufficient size for us to install CO2 separation technology in its production of clinker for the Dorndorf grinding plant." Thomas Gruppe concluded "We are convinced that cement will become a clean building material and believe in its future."


China: Data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China shows that cement output fell by 12% year-on-year to 1.56Bnt in the first nine months of 2022 from 1.78Bnt in the same period in 2021. However, output started to pick up on a monthly basis in September 2022, with a year-on-year increase of 1% to 207Mt. Despite national increases in infrastructure development, the China Cement Association revealed that real estate development investment decreased by 8% to US$1.44tn in the first nine months of 2022.


Japan: Taiheiyo Cement has agreed to buy the cement business of chemicals company Denka for an undisclosed sum. Denka operates an integrated plant in Itoigawa City, Niigata Prefecture where Taiheiyo Cement’s subsidiary Myojo Cement also operates a plant. The three companies have been working on a joint-development plant for local limestone resources since 2018. However, Denka has decided to leave the cement market due to poor local demand and the necessity of upgrades at its plant from 2025 onwards.

From April 2023 cement sold from Denka’s Omi plant will carry the Taiheiyo Cement brand name. Taiheiyo Cement and Myojo Cement have also agreed to continue supplying Denka’s other businesses, such as carbide production, with limestone from 2025. Denka will send by-products and other waste streams to the cement producer. Finally, Taiheiyo Cement, Myojo Cement and Denka will carry on developing the local limestone resources near to Itoigawa City.


China: The first nine months of 2022 brought a 6.1% year-on-year decline in China Shanshui Cement's sales to US$2.3bn, from US$2.45bn in the first nine months of 2021. Its net profit was US$142m, down by 43% year-on-year from US$248m.


India: UltraTech Cement has projected six-month cement capacity growth of 8.2% to 131Mt/yr by 31 March 2023, the end of the 2023 financial year. At the end of the first half of the 2023 financial year on 30 September 2022, its capacity was 121Mt/yr. In the third quarter of the 2023 financial year, UltraTech Cement expects to commence commercial operations at its upcoming 3.5Mt/yr Pali, Rajasthan, cement plant and upgraded Dhar, Madhya Pradesh, cement plant, to which it is adding 4.2Mt/yr in new capacity. The remaining new capacity consists of smaller capital expenditure investments in various sites across India. UltraTech Cement's chief financial officer Atul Daga forecast that the producer will invest a total of US$731 - 853m in capacity expenditure throughout the 2023 financial year.

The Business Standard newspaper has reported that UltraTech Cement expects to further increase its cement production capacity by 22% over the three years up to the 2026 financial year, to reach 160Mt/yr.


Germany: KHD hosted a meeting of the research and development consortium of the ACCSESS project in Cologne on 18 and 19 October 2022. The consortium is intended to develop replicable carbon capture utilisation and storage pathways to support a net zero strategy in Europe by 2050. KHD’s involvement with the project concerns running engineering feasibility studies for the retrofit of CCUS projects at two cement plants in Europe. It is also working on the concept development for a new clinker production technology, which is optimised as a new plant for operation with downstream carbon capture technology.

Other project partners working on ACCSESS of note to the cement sector include Heidelberg Materials and the German Cement Works Association (VDZ). Project completion is scheduled for mid-2025 with KHD’s contributions to be delivered by mid-2024.


Pakistan: Dewan Cement recorded US$16.2m in turnover during the first quarter of its 2023 financial year, up by 17% year-on-year from US$13.9m in the first quarter of the 2022 financial year. Its cost of sales also rose, by 41% to US$17.7m from US$12.5m. As such, the producer's loss more than doubled to US$3.13m, from US$1.32m in the first quarter of the 2022 financial year.


Brazil: Germany-based INFORM has established a joint venture with its partner Portia LAC in São Paulo. The new company called INFORM PORTIA will take over sales, consulting and support for INFORM software products in Brazil.

Andreas Meyer, the chief executive officer of INFORM, said “With this joint venture, we are expanding our presence in South America to meet the growing demand for software solutions to optimise business processes.” He added, “This joint venture is an important building block in our global network. We strive to maintain a relationship with our customers based on partnership and trust. However, this is much more successful if you also have a local presence.” In addition to its headquarters in Aachen in Germany and new joint venture in Brazil, INFORM is represented by five other INFORM related companies in the US, Chile, Australia, Singapore, and Portugal respectively.


US: The Global Cement and Concrete Association (GCCA) has signed an international partnership agreement with the American Concrete Institute (ACI). Under the agreement, the partners will collaboratively develop and disseminate information on concrete production and its use in construction, with a view to advancing best practices in sustainability.

The ACI said "ACI cooperates closely with our international partners, benefitting everyone in the global concrete community. ACI looks forward to working with the GCCA towards a future where everyone has the knowledge needed to use the latest concrete technologies effectively to meet the demands of a changing world."


Uzbekistan: Turkey-based engineering company Deha Tech says that it is 95% of the way to completion of its construction of a new grinding plant in Tashkent. The supplier says that it expects to commission the new facility in late January 2023. It thanked employees and partners for all of their efforts towards helping it realise the project. Deha Tech secured an engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contract for the work in 2020.


Turkey: MEDCEM plans to expand its Silifke cement plant's clinker capacity by 90% to 6.5Mt/yr. Germany-based Aumund will supply the upgrade with 41 different machines. The package comprises six belt bucket elevators, two chain bucket elevators, four pan conveyors and 11 drag chain conveyors, with capacities up to 900t/hr. The order also includes 13 silo discharge gates for belt conveyors and five telescopic chutes for truck loading. The supplier will deliver the goods in October 2022, for scheduled commissioning in January 2023.


China: Dalian Onoda Cement, a subsidiary of Japan-based Taiheiyo Cement, says that it plans to suspend cement production at its Dalian cement plant in Liaoning. The producer said that it will shut the plant when its land lease expires in December 2022.


South Africa: Saudi Arabia-based ACWA Power and Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa (IDC South Africa) have partnered to explore the development of green hydrogen infrastructure opportunities in South Africa. Together, they will aim to accelerate the country's transition into a green hydrogen economy across industries including cement production. ACWA Power projected the potential value of developments at US$10bn.

South Africa is committed to achieving net zero CO2 emissions by 2050.

ACWA Power's vice chair and chief executive officer Paddy Padmanathan said "As a company that is driving the energy transition, ACWA Power is proud to work closely with the IDC, with whom we share a robust working history, and today we are delighted to take our collaboration further. I am confident that our expertise in developing mega-scale green hydrogen projects in other geographies will enable us to successfully create a new avenue of sustainable energy generation - one that will pave the path to further progress.”


South Korea: Russia exported 14.9Mt of cement in the first nine months of 2022, up by 31% year-on-year from 11.4Mt in the corresponding period of 2021. Tex Energy Report News has reported that this occurred due to sharp price rises in imported coal from Australia, Canada and Indonesia. Cement producers increased their reliance on these alternative sources of coal after the South Korean government placed sanctions on Russia in March 2022.

Meanwhile in India, Russian coal imports are expected to decline for a second consecutive month in October 2022, by 51% month-on-month to 730,000t. Russian media attributed this to stockpiling by cement market leader UltraTech Cement and others earlier in 2022.


Nepal: Udayapur Cement has urged the Nepalese government's Ministry of Finance to process its application for a loan of US$3.82m. The Kathmandu Post newspaper has reported that the producer plans to invest in an upgrade to its 800t/day-capacity Gaighat cement plant in Province No.1. The plant is reportedly unable to meet its capacity due to frequent issues with its 33-year-old equipment. The producer hopes that an upgrade will increase the plant's production capacity by 41% to 2.5m bags/yr. It also expects its expenditure on coal to fall by 25% as a result.

Director general Gopi Neupane noted the Gaighat cement plant's access to high quality limestone not available elsewhere in the country. He said "We will turn the factory into a profit-making enterprise if the additional investment is provided. We have huge scope for exporting cement to Uttar Pradesh and Bihar (in India)."


India: Ambuja Cements sold 6.7Mt of cement during the second quarter of its 2023 financial year, up by 12% year-on-year. Its standalone revenues were US$443m, up by 13% from second-quarter 2022 financial year levels. Cost growth outstripped sales at 32% year-on-year, resulting in earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) of US$36.7m, down by 57% year-on-year.

CEO Ajay Kapur said "The cement industry has been facing significant margin pressure resulting from a steep rise in global energy prices. However, recent cooling off in energy prices and post-monsoon demand pickup appears to present a silver lining for the coming quarters."

Kapur said that Ambuja Cement's focus is currently on future capacity expansions, with the aim of becoming India's market leader.


China: China Resources Cement (CRC) plans to sell subsidiaries CRC Changzhi and China Resources Concrete (Lucheng) for US$168m or more. CRC Changzhi operates a 2Mt/yr cement plant in Changzhi City, Shanxi Province. Both it and China Resources Concrete (Lucheng) serve the Shanxi Province market.


Pakistan: Fauji Cement has recorded first-quarter sales of US$67.2m in its 2023 financial year, up by 27% year-on-year from US$52.9m during the first quarter of the previous financial year. The producer's cost of sales was US$47.9m, up by 29% from US$37.3m, and it recorded a profit for the period of US$10.6m, up by 10% from US$9.62m.

Fauji Cement is currently undergoing a transition into the third largest cement producer in Pakistan, through a US$122m 2.05Mt/yr expansion to its Nizampur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, cement plant and a US$148m 2.05Mt/yr expansion to its Dera Ghazi Khan cement plant. Together, Fauji Cement will fund the projects through US$171m-worth of debt, US$54.9m-worth of internal cash generation and US$45.7m-worth of equity.


UK: The Materials Handling Engineers Association (MHEA) has named John King Chains as the UK’s Supplier of the Year to the materials handling industry.

Managing director David Wadsworth said “It is fantastic to achieve such a prestigious award, and one that confirms that our continual reinvestment into best manufacturing equipment and techniques over the years was the right decision, backed up by our remarkable workforce, who cannot be underestimated." Wadsworth added "We are pleased to also inform our clients that we have further exciting plans in the pipeline, and one we aim to announce to the industry in
early 2023!”


UAE: Asian Paints has partnered with Riddhi Siddhi Crusher & Land Transport and Associated Soap Stone Distributing Company in a 60:40 joint venture for the purpose of white cement and white cement clinker production. The joint venture will invest US$66.5m in the construction of a planned 265,000t/yr integrated cement plant in the Emirate of Fujairah. The project will take until October 2024 to complete. In addition, the new company plans to establish grinding units in India to serve the export market.

Riddhi Siddhi Crusher & Land Transport and Associated Soap Stone Distributing Company operates limestone mines in Fujairah.


Pakistan: Bestway Cement has ignited the 7200t/day kiln at its new Mianwali integrated cement plant in Punjab Province. The plant has 20MW of dedicated solar power capacity and 9MW of waste heat recovery (WHR) power capacity.


Pakistan: Askari Cement has ignited the newly installed 6500t/day kiln at its Nizampur cement plant in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The kiln increases the plant's capacity by 73% to 4.85Mt/yr. The project, along with parent company Fauji Cement's construction of a new 2.05Mt/yr integrated cement plant in Dera Ghazi Khan, cost US$339m. Fauji Cement took a US$212m loan to support the works in January 2022. The group expects both projects to raise its capacity by 56% to 10.5Mt/yr and to increase its market share to 13%.

Fauji Cement's upcoming Dera Ghazi Khan cement plant is scheduled for commissioning in mid-late 2024.


Nigeria: The government of Kogi State has filed a lawsuit against Dangote Cement's parent company Dangote Industries. The state government claims no payment was received for Dangote Cement's acquisition of the Obajana cement plant upon its privatisation in 2002, according to the Advocate newspaper. If the legal case is successful it could void the cement producer’s contract with the state government.

The National Security Council ordered the reopening of the Obajana cement plant in the national interest on 14 October 2022, following its closure by order of the Kogi State Assembly.


US: Australia-based James Hardie plans to establish a 92,900m2/yr cement board plant in Crystal City, Missouri. The producer expects the plant to create 240 new jobs.


India: UltraTech Cement's consolidated sales were US$3.51bn during the first half of the 2023 financial year, which began on 1 April 2022, up by 22% from US$2.88bn in the first half of the 2022 financial year. Its net profit was US$283m, down by 22% year-on-year from US$363m. This was due to a 32% cost rise to US$3.13bn from US$2.38bn. Power and fuel contributed 32% of costs at US$1bn, up by 68% from US$598m in the first half of the 2021 financial year.

UltraTech Cement said that it began to see signs of cement demand revival in September 2022, following traditionally subdued second-quarter demand due to seasonal rains.


Spain: Brazil-based Votorantim Cimentos' Córdoba, Niebla and La Araña cement plants in Andalusia are at the centre of a planned Euro1bn decarbonisation project by the company. Votorantim Cimentos will publish details of its plans, which include renewably powered green hydrogen and biofuels production, in early 2023.

Votorantim Cimentos Europe, Asia and Africa CEO Jorge Wagner said "We need agility with the administration, because the investments are stratospheric and long-term. We want to obtain subsidies, taking advantage of European funds." He concluded "We have the opportunity to carry out a very beautiful project in Andalusia and beat the Americans."


Pakistan: Attock Cement recorded standalone sales of US$92.6m in its 2022 financial year, down by 3.6% year-on-year from US$96.1m in its 2021 financial year. The company produced 2.18Mt of clinker, down by 32% from 3.19Mt, corresponding to a capacity utilisation of 76%. The decision to reduce production came about due to high coal costs. Attock Cement sold 1.8Mt of cement, down by 10% from 2.01Mt in the 2021 financial year. The producer's cost of sales rose by 1.1% year-on-year to US$75.9m from US$75.1m. It profit after tax nonetheless grew by 1.2%, to US$5.07m from US$5.01m.

Chair Laith Pharaon said "The 2022 financial year was a challenging year for the company, as export sales remain depressed due to uncompetitive prices demanded by regional markets, which were also facing the uncertainties." He continued "Due to higher input costs owing to the significant increase in energy prices, the gross margin also declined by 4%. However, because of exchange gain on foreign receivables and dividend income received from its Iraq-based 60% subsidiary Saqr Al Keetan, operating margin improved by 3%.


Philippines: The Tariff Commission has reversed a decision recommending that the government implement anti-dumping duties on imports of cement from Vietnam. Việt Nam News has reported that the commission withdrew the recommendation after the Philippine government's Department of Trade and Industry ruled that imports from Vietnam do not have a harmful impact on the domestic cement industry.


Pakistan: Bestway Cement recorded a net turnover of US$84.1m in the first quarter of its 2023 financial year, up by 21% year-on-year from US$69.4m in the first quarter of the 2022 financial year. The producer's cost of sales also rose, by 13% year-on-year to US$55m from US$48.6m. Despite this challenge, it increased its profit for the period by 11% to US$15m from US$13.5m in the first quarter of the 2022 financial year.