Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW637 / 06 December 2023

Headlines


The Global Cement & Concrete Association (GCCA) has been cheerleading at the 2023 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP28) in Dubai this week with the release of a progress report on the sector’s work towards reaching net zero by 2050. The headline figures are that net CO2 emissions per tonne of cementitious material fell by 23% in 2021 compared to 1990 based on Getting the Numbers Right (GNR) data. Energy efficiency improved by 19% and the fossil fuel component used by the cement sector has fallen to 80% from 98% in 1990. The GCCA has described 2020 - 2030 as the “decade to make it happen” and has set some targets to back this up. Its members intend to reduce CO2 emissions per tonne of cement by 20% by 2030 compared to 2020 levels and concrete CO2 emissions per m3 by 25% over the same time-frame.

The new developments for the cement sector at COP28 so far have been the launch of separate but apparently similar initiatives to help decarbonisation through coordination between nations. The Cement Breakthrough Agenda, backed by the government of Canada and other partners, follows the creation of the Breakthrough Agenda at the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) whereby designated governments lead so-called ‘Priority Actions’ to decarbonise various sectors. The idea is to collaborate on measures such as policies, regulations and technologies to help reduce the cost of future investment in decarbonisation. The priority actions will be developed in 2023, worked towards in 2024 and then revised on a regular basis thereafter. The German Chancellor Olaf Scholz also launched the so-called ‘Climate Club’ on 1 December 2023 to help developing nations invest in technologies to decarbonise sectors such as cement and steel production. The intention is to set up the technical groundwork for a standardised calculation of CO2 intensity in selected products, such as cement and steel, set definitions on what net zero is for these sectors and then set up a platform to connect countries with funding and technical support from governments and the private sector. Neither the Cement Breakthrough Agenda nor the Climate Club has mentioned funding though.

Additionally, Holcim announced that it had become a founding member of the Sustainable Markets Initiative’s SMI Circularity Task Force. The group aims to promote the circular economy to the private and public sector. Holcim was keen to point out that it is already recycling nearly 7Mt/yr of construction and demolition waste, with a target of 10Mt/yr pencilled in by 2025.

Other groups are not as upbeat as the GCCA though. The Global Carbon Project, for example, has estimated in its annual Global Carbon Budget that global fossil CO2 emissions are set to rise by 1.4% year-on-year to 36.8Bnt in 2023. This figure includes both the CO2 released by cement production and the CO2 uptake from cement carbonation. Ongoing research by Robbie Andrew, a greenhouse gas emissions scientist at the CICERO Center for Climate Research in Norway and the Global Carbon Project, found that process emissions by the cement sector fell for the first time since 2015 in 2022, to reach 1.61Bnt. This decrease was most likely due to China’s falling cement production in 2022, stemming from a downturn in the local real estate sector. However, both the data from GCCA and the Global Carbon Project may be right simultaneously as they look at the emissions of the cement sector in different ways.

The GCCA’s job is to advocate for the cement and concrete sector and it is presenting itself well at COP28. Since its formation, it has set up roadmaps, encouraged collaboration and innovation, and is now reporting back on its progress. Net zero remains the goal by 2050, but the GCCA is being upfront about the role carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) is expected to play after 2030 and the lack of any full-scale CCUS units so far. Yet it is tracking what has happened so far through the Green Cement Technology Tracker in conjunction with Leadership Group for Industry Transition (LeadIT).

As for the rest of COP28, various reports have been aired in the international press about whether the conference will call for a formal phase out of fossil fuels in some form or another. Whether it actually happens is another matter entirely, especially considering that the president of COP28 is the chief executive officer of the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, and any eventual language would likely be vague. Yet the work by the GGCA and others has started to make the unthinkable a little more thinkable.


US: The Portland Cement Association (PCA) has elected Massimo Toso as its next chair. He is the current president and chief executive officer (CEO) of Buzzi Unicem USA and has worked as the vice chair of the association. He succeeds Filiberto Ruiz, president and CEO of Votorantim Cimentos North America, in the post.

Monica Manolas has been elected as vice chair. She is the first woman in the 21st century to be elected to the position and she currently works as the president of Ash Grove East. Jorge Wagner, CEO of Votorantim Cimentos North America, was also elected to the PCA Board of Directors.


India: Dalmia Cement (Bharat) has appointed Puneet Yadu Dalmia as its managing director and chief executive officer (CEO) for a five-year term with effect from 8 December 2023. He succeeds Mahendra Singhi, who will become the strategic advisor to the managing director and CEO.

Puneet Dalmia has been the managing director of parent company Dalmia Bharat since 2004. Prior to this he co-founded JobsAhead.com in 1999, which was sold to Monster.com in 2004. He is also the chair of the Development Council for Cement Industry (DCCI) set up by the Government of India in 2021. He holds a Master of Business Administration (MBA) from the Indian Institute Of Management in Bangalore and an undergraduate degree from the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi.


India: Shree Digvijay Cement has appointed Ramanujan Krishnakumar as its chief executive officer and managing director with a five year period with effect from 16 December 2023. He succeeds KK Rajeev Nambiar, who has decided to retire early due to personal reasons.

Krishnakumar, aged 53 years, joined Shree Digvijay Cement in 2015 and has worked as its Plant Head. Prior to this he worked for ACC, where he was in charge of the engineering department at the Wadi plant. He also played a key role in the erection and commissioning of a 15MW coal-based power plant at ACC’s Madukkarai plant. He holds a degree from the Bhilai Institute of Technology in Durg.


India: Ambuja Cements has completed its acquisition of a 54% stake in Sanghi Industries for an enterprise value of US$622m. It has funded the purchase through internal accruals. Following the acquisition, Ambuja Cement’s parent company, Adani Group, now has a cement capacity of 75Mt/yr, up by 9% from 69Mt/yr. It has also gained 1Bnt of limestone reserves.

Ambuja Cements said that the transaction would allow it to accelerate its coastal strategy in the west of the country with the aim of reaching a regional cement production capacity of 15Mt/yr. It intends to expand the captive port at the Sanghipuram cement plant to accommodate larger vessels to target markets in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Kerala by 2026. Debottlenecking, fuel mix changes and solar and wind projects are also being considering at the site.


US: Terra CO2 has entered into an exclusive agreement with Eagle Materials, under which the cement producer will set up plants to produce Terra CO2’s supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) in three cities, including Greater Denver in Colorado. Terra CO2's SCM consists of ground, heated glass spheres made from silicate-containing igneous rocks and sediments, which can be used in cement production to lower CO2 emissions by 70% compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC).

Terra CO2's chief executive officer Bill Yearsley said “New climate tech needs to be deployed quickly to meet 2030 and 2050 climate goals. Terra is working hard to accelerate the deployment of its commercial plants through strategic partnerships, deploying more capital and shortening timelines. We are thrilled to work with a partner like Eagle Materials to build commercial plants for sustainable construction, and act on this urgency through our shared commitment to action. In the absence of a 'climate tech express lane' from the government, working with industry leaders is key to innovating and expediting low-carbon solutions for the industry."


Kenya: Frontier Energy subsidiary Momnai Energy has begun building two solar power plants at sites belonging to Bamburi Cement. One 14.5MW plant will be situated at the producer’s 1.1Mt/yr Mombasa cement plant, while another 5MW plant will be situated at its Nairobi grinding plant. When commissioned, they will cover 30% of the producer’s energy consumption. Momnai Energy will finance, manage and maintain the solar power plants on the basis of a power purchase agreement (PPA) signed between the parties in 2021.

Bamburi Cement chief executive officer Mohit Kapoor said that the project ‘represents one of Kenya's most substantial commercial solar endeavours undertaken by a cement company, and a first for Holcim in Sub-Saharan Africa.’ He added that it will lead to cost savings, reduced vulnerability to load shedding and ‘substantial’ progress towards achieving net zero CO2 emissions.


UK: The World Cement Association (WCA) has welcomed the introduction of the revised BS 8500 standard, which allows for a wider range of Portland limestone cement (PLC) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) combinations in concrete. WCA chief executive officer Ian Riley, however, described the revision as ‘not breaking new ground but catching up.’ He called on the UK and other jurisdictions to begin enacting performance-based standards.

Riley said “It is good to see BSI making this change to concrete standards, however, this is still a very modest step forward. Firstly, ground limestone has been used successfully as a cement component in many markets for decades. Secondly, in order to produce concrete with the lowest embodied carbon and the highest circularity, we need to move away from standards that require particular recipes.”


UK: Carbon Re has published a whitepaper entitled ‘Levers of Change’ that examines six key levers to accelerate decarbonisation in the cement industry. The document is intended to help companies in the sector navigate related regulatory and commercial factors. The six levers it examines are: standards; regulations; customer demand; technologies; capital; and financing and commercial advantages.

The whitepaper can be downloaded here: https://carbonre.com/levers-of-change


China: China National Building Material (CNBM) plans to rearrange shareholding in Sinoma Cement between its subsidiaries. On 4 December 2023, fellow CNBM subsidiary Sinoma International Engineering agreed to buy US$174m-worth of shares in Sinoma Cement. Upon completion of this, Sinoma International Engineering and New Tianshan Cement will together buy US$975m-worth of shares. Following these subscriptions, Sinoma Cement’s share capital will rise by 67%, to US$436m. New Tianshan Cement’s total stake in the company will be 60%.

The group’s first-half 2023 interim report recorded Sinoma Cement as a 100% subsidiary of New Tianshan Cement.


Colombia: Grupo Argos launched a buyback of US$10.1m-worth of its shares on 4 December 2023. Local press has reported that the offer covers US$8.33m-worth of common shares and US$1.73m worth of preferred shares. The offer will remain open until 7 December 2023.


India: Kesoram Industries says that it will repay US$180m-worth of loans from Cerberus Capital Services, Edelweiss and Goldman Sachs ahead of maturity. The Economic Times newspaper has reported that the company is repaying the debt in anticipation of refinancing following a merger deal with UltraTech Cement. Kesoram Industries expects the deal to lower its cost of borrowing.


Mexico: Cemex has reached 1000 reduced-CO2 trucks in operation across its global cement business. This includes trucks fuelled by renewable diesel and natural gas. These efforts have reduced its global transport CO2 emissions by 5% since 2020, in line with the group’s commitment to a 30% reduction by 2030.

Chief executive officer Fernando González said “Our net-zero transition is supported by proven and readily-available lower-carbon technologies that guarantee that we meet our short and medium-term decarbonisation commitments. At the same time, we remain at the forefront of innovation and emerging transportation technologies so we can achieve our ultimate goal of becoming a net-zero CO2 company by 2050.”


Tanzania: Tanzania Railways Corporation has announced plans to build a 1000km railway across the south of the country, between Lake Nyasa and the Indian Ocean. Business News Africa has reported that the railway will serve Dangote Cement’s local operations, as well as businesses in other industries. The project will cost US$5.6bn, of which Tanzania Railways Corporation has already secured US$2.2bn in potential private investments.


Kenya: East African Portland Cement Company (EAPCC) has announced plans to build a new clinker plant in Kajaido. The Nation newspaper has reported that it will cost US$200m to build. EAPCC plans to use local pozzolana, along with limestone and coral transported from Kenya’s Coast Province, in cement production at the plant. The producer says that it will clarify the timeframes of the project in 2024.


UAE: Germany-based ThyssenKrupp Decarbon Technologies says that it has won a new contract with Fujairah Cement Industries. Under the contract, the supplier will carry out an upgrade at the Dibba cement plant to reduce its CO2 emissions.


UAE: Holcim has launched and become a founding member of the SMI Circularity Task Force in collaboration with the Sustainable Markets Initiative (SMI) and others. The SMI Circularity Taskforce aims to accelerate the development of the global circular economy, in complement to Holcim’s goal of recycling 10Mt of construction-demolition materials (CDM) by 2025, and 20Mt in Europe alone by 2030. Holcim and its partners launched the task force at the COP28 climate conference in the UAE on 4 December 2023.

Holcim chair and chief executive officer Jan Jenisch said "With our world’s rising population and urbanisation, we need to build better with less to raise living standards for all while preserving nature. Circularity is a gamechanger to make this happen at scale. At Holcim we are driving circular construction across all metropolitan areas where we operate to build cities from cities, recycling CDM into new building solutions. I am excited to be joining like-minded organisations to accelerate the shift to a more circular future together."


World: The Global Cement and Concrete Association (GCCA) has published its Cement Industry Net Progress Report 2023. The report highlights the work of the GCCA and its members to lower their CO₂ emissions since signing the 2050 Net Zero Roadmap in October 2021. Initiatives include carbon capture and storage, renewables and alternative materials. These strategies have contributed to a 23% decline in cement and concrete’s CO2 emissions between 1990 and 2023.

GCCA president and Cemex chief executive officer Fernando González said “We are pleased to present this report, which captures the progress our industry is making towards net zero. But it will take the combined efforts of industry, governments and societies around the world to deliver on this commitment.” He added “This is the decade to deliver, and my number one priority is to facilitate the GCCA roadmap levers, designed to make full decarbonisation of our industry possible.”

The Cement Industry Net Progress Report 2023 is available here on the GCCA’s website.


India: UltraTech Cement’s acquisition of Kesoram Cement will raise its share of capacity in the Southern Indian cement market to 21% from 11%, according to BusinessLine Online News. Market researcher Emkay Global said that it expects the acquisition and UltraTech Cement’s current expansion plans to raise the group’s total share of cement capacity in Southern India and Western India by 7 – 8%.


India: Sanghi Industries plans to begin marketing its cement with ACC branded packaging. Informist EquityWire News has reported that the shift follows the acquisition of a majority stake in the company by ACC’s fellow Adani Group subsidiary Ambuja Cements in August 2023.


India: UltraTech Cement has concluded an agreement to acquire Kesoram Cement from Kesoram Industries for US$912m. The Times of India newspaper has reported that the price includes an equity value of US$646m and debt of US$267m. As part of the deal, Kesoram Industries shareholders will gain single shares in UltraTech Cement for every 52 shares they hold in Kesoram Industries.

Kesoram Cement operates two cement plants – the 10.8Mt/yr Vasavadatta plant in Karnataka and the 660,000t/yr Kesoram cement plant in Telangana – and a packing plant in Maharashtra.

Kesoram Industries says that the sale of Kesoram Cement will help it to focus on its chemicals, rayon and transparent paper businesses.


Pakistan: Fauji Cement inaugurated its Shadan Lund cement plant in Dera Ghazi Khan on 30 November 2023. The Pakistan Observer newspaper has reported that the plant has a capacity of 2.37Mt/yr and brings Fauji Cement’s capacity to 10.6Mt/yr.


Egypt: Abu Dhabi Ports Group subsidiary Transcargo International (TCI) is building a bulk cement terminal at Arish port in North Sinai Governorate. The company says that the facility will be equipped with six 10,000t cement silos. Four silos will store up to 40,000t of grey cement, while two will store up to 20,000t/yr of white cement. Cementir Holding subsidiary Sinai White Portland Cement has signed a cooperation agreement with TCI to use the Arish cement terminal. TCI says that the terminal will serve multiple markets worldwide and help Sinai White Portland Cement to raise its total export volumes, thereby also raising its competitiveness.

TCI’s CEO Mohamed El Ahwal said "This project aligns with our commitment to support Egyptian exports by providing specialised logistics solutions across several industries. Building and operating Egypt’s first bulk cement terminal, we anticipate cost savings for cement producers in Egypt, making prices more competitive globally and increasing global market penetration."


Brazil: France-based Saint-Gobain has completed the construction of a new line at its Recife fibre cement products plant in Pernambuco. The expansion doubles the capacity of the plant to 200,000t/yr, at a cost of US$13.9m. The plant produces fibre cement products for sale under Saint-Gobain’s Brasilit brand.


North America: Sweden-based Bruks Siwertell successfully delivered three new road-mobile ship unloaders to two cement industry customers in North America, including one in Mexico, in November 2023. Both customers selected the supplier’s 10 000 S Siwertell unloaders. One of the cement producers now has four such units in operation, and the other now has one.

Bruks Siwertell project development engineer Pedro Alfaro said “The US is seeing a huge rise in demand for cement, and our technology is helping operators meet these volume increases in the most sustainable way possible.” He continued “Road-mobile units ensure minimal dust emissions and enclosed and spillage-free conveying, and offer excellent through-ship capacity and the flexibility of being able to move between sites. We are also one of the few companies able to supply a ship unloading solution that can discharge cement from vessels directly to trucks.”


Spain: Cemex’s venture capital unit Cemex Ventures announced the launch of its second LeapLab accelerator programme for high-potential start-ups on 30 November 2023. The programme introduces a cohort of five start-ups from around the globe, which will carry out pilot-scale tests of their technologies across 100 Cemex sites in 12 different countries. Throughout the process, experts from Cemex and partner organisations will support the work of the start-ups as mentors, pilot leaders, speakers and assistants, as well as providing business advice and support in network building. The selected start-ups are AI technology developers Introid, Mixteresting and Verusen, hybrid vehicle fuel optimisation company Movener and water monitoring specialist Waterplan.

Cemex’s executive vice president of digital and organisation development Luis Hernández said “Start-up acceleration is a key pillar of Cemex’s open innovation strategy, since the time to scale the technologies that enable us to build a better future is now. By combining the disruptive solutions and agility of start-ups with Cemex’s extensive industry networks and resources, start-up acceleration is a vehicle for tangible innovation generation.”


Australia: Western Australia’s environment minister Reece Whitby has questioned the efficacy of tests submitted by Cockburn Cement in relation to its Munster lime plant in May 2023. The tests showed successes in odour reduction during sand feeding at the plant’s Kiln 6. Business News Western Australia has reported that the government and an independent expert have raised ‘areas of concern’ as to whether the trial represents normal operating conditions for the kiln.

David Scaife, who represents Cockburn District in the Western Australia Legislative Assembly, said "My gripe is not with the workers, it is with the senior management and the directors of Cockburn Cement and its owner, Adbri, who have refused to do the right thing either by moving the lime manufacturing operations to its Kwinana facility or at least making the investments necessary to eliminate the odour."


Philippines: Holcim Philippines recorded sales of US$332m during the first nine months of 2023. This represents a 4% drop from nine-month 2022 levels. The producer reported operating earnings before interest and taxation (EBIT) of US$25.2m. Throughout the period, Holcim Philippines co-processed 800,000t of alternative fuel (AF) at its plants. Blended cement products ended September 2023 at 75% of its cement sales.


UAE: Emirates Steel Arkan (ESA) has appointed consultancy A³&Co. to help plan and implement decarbonisation initiatives at its 5.7Mt/yr Al Ain cement plant in Abu Dhabi. The collaboration will focus on reducing CO2 emissions and costs, in line with the Science-Based Targets Initiative (SBTi)’s 1.5° Pathway for Net Zero and in conformity to the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).

ESA is committed to reducing its CO2 emissions by 40% between 2018 and 2030, and to achieving carbon neutrality by 2050.


India: UltraTech Cement has bought the 540,000t/yr Patratu grinding plant from Burnpur Cement for US$20.4m. The Hindu Business Line newspaper has reported that the purchase brings UltraTech Cement’s installed cement capacity to 133Mt/yr.


Finland/Netherlands/Sweden: Paebbl has commenced production of its carbon-storing cement using its new 100t/yr Obelix reactor. The company says that the trial represents a 100x scale up of its capacity in under six months. The Obelix reactor produces cement in 500l batches. Paebbl’s cement has a CO2 storage capacity of 200kg/t. It expects to begin shipping samples to early adopter customers in the Benelux and Nordic regions from early 2024. The next scale-up for the company will come with the construction of a continuously operating pilot plant in late 2024, further increasing its cement capacity by a factor of 10.


Bolivia: The Bolivian Attorney General’s Office says that is open to meeting representatives of Sociedad Boliviana de Cemento (SOBOCE) in order to negotiate a ‘better arrangement’ following Bolivia’s nationalisation of a stake in SOBOCE subsidiary Fábrica Nacional de Cementos (FANCESA) by supreme decree in 2010. SOBOCE owes FANCESA US$108m in damages for unfair competition since that time.

SOBOCE said "SOBOCE, together with its shareholders of Grupo Gloria del Peru, will continue to resort to judicial and/or arbitration channels (national or international) for the recognition of their rights. We believe in justice and in the legitimate right that we have, since the Bolivian Constitution guarantees the payment of compensation in case of expropriation."


Brazil: The Brazilian National Cement Industry Association (SNIC) has forecast a drop of 1% year-on-year in cement consumption in Brazil during 2023. This is due to a slowdown in the residential construction sector, which accounts for 70% of national demand. SNIC forecast a 2% year-on-year rise in cement demand in 2024, due to increased infrastructure activity.

Brazil produced 52Mt of cement during the first 10 months of 2023, down by 2.1%. The country produced 61Mt of cement in 2022, corresponding to a capacity utilisation rate of 65%.