Global Cement Newsletter

Issue: GCW670 / 31 July 2024

Headlines


Heidelberg Materials inaugurated a plant near Katowice in Poland this week for separating and sorting demolition concrete. This gives us the chance to catch up with the state of construction and demolition waste (CDW) for the cement and concrete sectors and consider the differences between the strategies of the multinational heavy building materials companies in Europe and the US.

The new CDW recycling unit has a capacity of up to 100t/hr. Heidelberg Materials says that it is the “first company in the industry to introduce high-quality, selective concrete separation at this scale.” The company is using its proprietary ReConcrete process to sort out fractions from the CDW including sand, gravel and, finest of all, recycled concrete paste (RCP). That last one is particularly valuable because it can either be used as an alternative raw material for clinker production by replacing limestone or as a secondary cementitious material. Heidelberg Materials is also promoting the potential use of RCP as a carbon sink over the lifetime of a concrete structure via ‘enforced carbonation.’ The RCP is exposed to raw exhaust gases from cement production allowing it to both mineralise CO2 and act as a clinker substitute. To further explore this option Heidelberg Materials is building an industrial pilot at its Górażdże plant to test the concept with construction expected by the end of 2024.

Both Holcim and Heidelberg Materials have been visibly busy buying up more aggregate recycling companies over the last nine months since Global Cement Weekly last reported on CDW. Holcim acquired Germany-based Mendiger Basalt in January 2024, Switzerland-based Cand-Landi Group and UK-based Land Recovery in June 2024, and Belgium-based Mark Desmedt in July 2024. It also said at the start of the year that it aimed to conclude 15 - 20 new acquisitions in 2024 with a focus on CDW companies in Belgium, France, Germany and the UK. Heidelberg Materials bought UK-based B&A Group in May 2024 and US-based Highway Materials and Aaron Materials in July 2024. Holcim has set itself a target of recycling 12Mt/yr of CDW by 2030 by using its ECOCycle technology. It reported 8.4Mt/yr in 2023 and hopes to reach 10Mt/yr in 2024.

Some of the recycling companies mentioned above are based in the US but the pace of CDW acquisitions have generally been faster in Europe. In the US, meanwhile, the heavy building materials producers have tended to buy more general aggregates companies. Heidelberg Materials announced on 30 July 2024 that it was buying Albany-based Carver Sand & Gravel. This followed the companies mentioned above and Texas-based Victory Rock, also in July 2024. Holcim said in its first half-year results for 2024 that it had ‘executed’ a bolt-on acquisition in the US that would strengthen its aggregate and ready-mixed concrete business. Cemex also revealed a joint-venture agreement with sand and gravel supplier Couch Aggregates and marine bulk product distributor Premier Holdings in July 2024. It said that the move was part of its “ongoing strategy to accelerate growth in the US and expand its aggregates business.” A big recent deal in the sector was the merger of the US-based operations of Summit Materials and Cementos Argos that completed in January 2024. Although at the time we concentrated on the cement-side of the transaction, it also gave the organisation just under 5Bnt of aggregate reserves.

It may be a stretch to call what’s going on here a trend. Yet the large heavy building materials companies do appear to be acting differently in the US and Europe with regards to aggregate companies and CDW recyclers. The main drivers here are the strength of the US market and the stricter environmental legislation in Europe. Higher population density in Europe compared to the US may also be playing a part in the differences in speed of adoption between the two markets. The ongoing Holcim spinoff demonstrates the differences between the two market regions in bold terms. In short, the company has decided to split itself in two in order to meet the different needs of each market. As for CDW, the trickle of acquisitions keep coming and momentum is steadily building.


UK: Aggregate Industries has appointed Tom Murphy as Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) Project Manager at the Cauldon Cement Plant in Staffordshire. He will play a leading role in managing the introduction of a carbon capture unit at the site.

Murphy joins the subsidiary of Holcim from Tata Chemical Europe where he was the Plant Manager for a first-of-a-kind post combustion carbon capture plant. Prior to that, he worked as an Energy Chemical Engineer for Tata and as a Research Engineer for the Materials Processing Institute. He holds an undergraduate degree in chemical engineering from the University of Manchester.

The CCUS project at the Cauldon Cement Plant is part of the wider Peak Cluster partnership, which was formed by cement and lime producers around the Derbyshire Peak District region and aims to cut collective annual carbon emissions by 3Mt/yr by 2030. More than 0.6t/yr is targeted to be cut at Cauldon. The project is being led by Progressive Energy. It aims to capture and transport CO2 emissions from Cauldon and other partner plants before sequestering them beneath the eastern Irish Sea in one of the storage options which the project has access to, including the Liverpool Bay CCS or the Morecambe Net Zero project.


Switzerland: Neustark has appointed Christoph Kisker as its Chief Revenue Officer. He will lead commercial functions at the company to target global growth. Kisker previously worked as the VP Global Sales (Digital Consulting) for software-as-a-service company Celonis. Before that he held the role of Assistant Manager at KPMG.

Switzerland-based Neustark is commercialising technology to store CO2 from the air in recycled mineral waste such as demolished concrete. Its proprietary process captures CO2 from biogas producers and then binds it into mineral waste such as demolition concrete via an accelerated mineralisation process. The company has rolled out its carbon removal technology at 19 sites across Switzerland, Austria, Liechtenstein and Germany. Holcim invested in Neustark in 2023.


Greece: Titan Cement’s sales grew by 8% year-on-year to €1.32bn in the first half of 2024 from €1.23bn in the same period in 2023. It’s earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 17% to €281m from €241m. By region, its sales increased everywhere but earnings only increased in the US. However, the US constitutes the group’s biggest operating region for both sales and earnings.

Marcel Cobuz, chair of the Group Executive Committee, said “An outstanding performance of the first half of the year with strong commercial focus and accelerated execution of our Strategy 2026 across our markets. We are set for delivering transformational key projects, creating long term value for all stakeholders, focusing on decarbonisation and digitalisation, while driving commercial transformation and excellence in serving our customers.”

The company said that its Titan 2026 Green Growth Strategy execution was ‘well on track,’ with four new bolt-on acquisitions completed in the reporting period and it had achieved new performance level in alternative fuels substitution and clinker substitution in blended cements. A carbon capture and storage project in Athens and a newly awarded calcined clay project in the US are also set to enter their feasibility assessment phases. Titan Cement added that its plan to list its US operations in a New York exchange is progressing according to schedule, with the listing expected to take place in the first quarter of 2025.


Italy: Cementir Holding increased its sales volumes of cement by 0.3% year-on-year to 5.13Mt in the first half of 2024. Nonetheless, group sales fell by 3%, to €812m, and earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) fell by 4%, to €193m. The producer succeeded in raising its net profit, by 7% to €97m. During the half, it invested €24.7m in decarbonisation, primarily in upgrading the kiln line of its 2.5Mt/yr Guarain cement plant in Belgium.

Chair and CEO Francesco Caltagirone said "Results for the first half of 2024 were in line with our expectations. The adverse weather conditions in the first months of the year and a still weak residential market in the most important geographies, as well as a significant negative exchange rate impact, affected the results for the period, which nevertheless benefited from the reduction of main operating costs".

Cementir Holding confirmed its earnings guidance for the year of €385m (down by 6% year-on-year), but revised its revenues guidance downwards by 6% from €1.8bn to €1.7bn, in line with 2023.


Saudi Arabia: Yanbu Cement recorded an 8% rise in sales year-on-year to US$114m in the first half of 2024. Mubasher has reported that this resulted in a net profit of US$26.1m for the company, up by 14% from its first-half 2023 result.


Saudi Arabia: Al Jouf Cement Company's board has overruled its previous recommendation to increase the company’s capital in order to settle financial obligations. Mist News has reported that the board based its latest decision on its successful rescheduling of loans with Alinma Bank and SAB, increased sales and the success of cost reduction initiatives.

Al Jouf Cement Company additionally filed a complaint with the Saudi Arabian Capital Market Authority against three former board members. The company’s accusations against the former board members include that they allegedly forged the vice chair’s signature, made investments for purposes not designated by the company’s articles of association, lost investments worth US$36.3m, failed to obtain approval for transactions with related parties and misled the company and its shareholders about investments and losses.


India: JSW Cement has entered the competition to acquire a 38% stake in Orient Cement from the CK Birla Group, against UltraTech Cement and Adani Group. UltraTech Cement is reportedly in advanced discussions with CK Birla, having proposed a share price range of US$4.18 - 4.48, which places the enterprise value at US$872m-931m. The Adani Group has also expressed interest in acquiring Orient Cement, although their negotiations have been hindered by valuation disputes and environmental clearance issues.


India: The board of Shiva Cement has approved plans to build a 1Mt/yr cement grinding plant at Sambalpur in Odisha. The unit will be built with Bhushan Power and Steel at one of its operating sites. As part of the deal Shiva Cement, a subsidiary of JSW Cement, has the option to buy the plant for US$45m. Approval from the Odisha Industrial Infrastructure Development Corporation and other relevant governmental authorities will be required to set up the plant.


New Zealand: Fletcher Building says that a mechanical issue with a cement carrier ship is causing operational business for its Golden Bay Cement subsidiary. The Marine Vessel Aotearoa Chief (MVAC) ship is currently docked at Northport while inspections and repairs are made by the owner. The New Zealand Herald newspaper has reported that the ship is owned by China Navigation Company, an operating arm of the Hong Kong-based Swire. The ship normally transports cement around the North Island from Golden Bay’s cement plant near Whangārei. The cement producer added that “The timeframe required to make the necessary repairs and source replacement parts, is not known at this time.” Fletcher Building’s preliminary assessment is that it expects the impact on its 2025 financial year earnings to be up to US$18m.

Golden Bay has enacted its contingency plans to cope with the outage and is talking to its customers. It is using alternative transport options to distribute cement. including the use of an existing coastal barge and the greater use of road and rail options. The company is also investigating longer-term solutions, which include potentially sourcing the use of alternative cement supplies from domestic and offshore suppliers along with securing the use of a replacement ship if required.


China: China Energy Engineering (CEEC) has announced the completion of reliability testing for ‘CarbonBox’, Asia's ‘largest direct air capture device by capacity’, according to the company. Developed jointly by a CEEC subsidiary and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, CarbonBox can reportedly capture over 600t/yr of CO₂. This technology will help to contribute to the production of green methanol and aviation fuel. The device aims to reduce the traditionally high energy consumption and costs associated with direct air capture devices.

A recent report by the Administrative Centre for China’s Agenda 21 and two other institutes revealed that China is advancing in CCUS deployment, with nearly 100 planned and operational projects.


Germany: Heidelberg Materials has released its financial results for the second quarter of 2024. It noted a 2% year-on-year decline to €5.5bn, down from €5.6bn in the same period in 2023. However, the company achieved a 5% increase in its result from current operations (RCO), which increased by €40m to €971m. Heidelberg Materials stated that it experienced a moderated slowdown in volumes across all business lines compared to the first quarter of 2024 due to weak activity in the construction sector and adverse weather conditions. The company maintains its 2024 financial year RCO forecast to be between €3bn and €3.3bn.


Ukraine: The Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine (AMCU) has stipulated that CRH must transfer 25-28% of shares in Dyckerhoff Cement Ukraine to an independent investor as a condition for its purchase of two Buzzi cement plants. In June 2023, CRH agreed to acquire parts of Buzzi's business in Eastern Europe, including the Ukrainian assets Volyn-Cement and YUGcement. The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development is expected to be the investor receiving the shares, following a mandate letter signed with CRH in December 2023. Additionally, CRH will be required to report regularly to the AMCU on production and pricing for the next five years and is expected to invest in the modernisation and expansion of the acquired plants while retaining jobs and improving working conditions.


South Africa: PPC has warned of increased risks from substandard cement in the South African market, advocating for state intervention to protect the local industry from unfair competition. The broader South African cement industry continues to face challenges from dumped imports and locally blended variants, with latest Cement Import Montior research from March 2024 cautioning that local cement cement producers may be forced to mothball plants, putting thousands of jobs on the line as the number of cheap cement imports rises. PPC plans to engage with the South African Bureau of Standards for stricter compliance testing. Its recovery strategy includes exiting non-core businesses and major structural adjustments, aiming for tangible results in two years but resulting in possible in job cuts.


Vietnam: Vietnam produced 104.1Mt of cement in the first seven months of 2024, marking a 1% increase year-on-year, as reported by the General Statistics Office (GSO). In July 2024, the country's cement output is estimated at 15.2Mt, a rise of 7% compared to July 2023.


Germany: The University of Trier is transforming post-consumer materials into ‘ecological’ cement through a new research project that aims to find sustainable alternatives for the construction industry. The project involves using low-CO₂ industrial post-consumer materials as alternative cement binders, such as sludge from gravel and sand mining, as well as dust from quartzite extraction. The research will run for two years and is supported by the German Federal Environment Foundation.


India: UltraTech Cement, a subsidiary of Aditya Birla, has purchased a 33% stake in India Cements for US$472m. UltraTech now controls a 55% stake and plans to make an open offer for a further 20% at US$4.66 per share. The transaction, subject to regulatory approvals, values India Cements at approximately US$1.39bn and could increase UltraTech's holding to 75.49%, according to The Northlines news.


Tunisia: Votorantim Cimentos has signed an agreement to sell its Tunisian assets to China-based Sinoma Cement for US$130m, according to Yicai Global. The deal's completion depends on regulatory approvals from China, Tunisia and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (Comesa).

All of Votorantim Cimentos' plants and offices in Tunisia will continue to operate as usual during the regulatory review.


Nigeria: Dangote Cement has reported its financial results for the first half of 2024. The company recorded a net profit of US$117m, marking a 6% year-on-year increase from US$110m in the first half of 2023. Revenue also saw an increase to US$1bn, up by 85% year-on-year from US$587m. During the period, the company’s production volume was 13.8Mt, representing a 4% increase from the 13.2Mt produced during the first half of 2023. The group also reported a year-on-year increase of 50% in earnings before interest, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) of US$411m.


Afghanistan: The National Development Corporation has announced that the production capacity of the Ghori Cement plants in Baghlan has increased to 700t/day from 350t/day previously, according to Bakhtar News Agency. This increase is reportedly due to attention from Islamic Emirate’s officials and the efforts of the National Development Corporation under the country’s new government.

Engineer Shafiullah Wahidi, director of Ghori Cement, revealed that 700 technical staff are working in three shifts to maintain production levels. Local residents and traders are urging further production increases to favour domestic products over foreign imports.


UK: A steel and cement co-recycling process developed at the University of Cambridge has received US$2.9m in seed funding. Cambridge Electric Cement is utilising slag produced during the steelmaking process, which uses electric arc furnaces instead of blast furnaces, as clinker for cement. The researchers are conducting a US$8.4m trial called Cement 2 Zero to test the production process, aiming to produce 110t of recycled cement during the two-year program.


Mexico: Cemex has reported its first-half results for 2024. Net income fell by 15% to US$230m, although earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) increased by 2% to US$965m. Sales remained flat at US$4.5bn. They rose in Mexico by 13%, to US$2.7bn, and in Central and South America and the Caribbean by 3%, to US$879m. However, they fell in the US by 2%, to US$2.6bn, and in Europe, the Middle East, Africa and Asia by 8%, to US$2.24bn.

Fernando Gonzalez, CEO of Cemex, said "These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our commercial management and growth strategy. The price contribution of our products continues to outpace our input cost inflation."


France: Vicat’s results for the first half of 2024 showed a turnover of €1.94bn, up by 1.3% compared to the same period in 2023. Earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) for the period increased by 12% year-on-year. The group expects 3 – 8% growth in full-year EBITDA in 2024. Despite an unfavourable exchange rate effect, mainly due to the depreciation of the Turkish and Egyptian Pounds against the Euro, consolidated net income rose by 5% year-on-year to €115m.


UK: Breedon Group has announced its results for the six-month period ending on 30 June 2024. The company recorded revenues of US$984m, up by 3% year-on-year from US$956m in the same period in 2023. Net income was US$44m, representing a year-on-year decline of 28%. Earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) stood at US$133m, slightly less than US$134m reported previously.

Breedon Group anticipates growth in ‘all of its markets’ from 2025 as economic and political landscapes stabilise.


Zimbabwe: Khayah Cement plans to invest approximately US$25m in capital expenditure in 2024, focusing on a kiln refurbishment project at its plant in Harare. The investment aims to increase production capacity and sales volumes, NewsDay Business News has reported. Preparatory work has begun, with completion expected by the end of 2025.

Khayah Cement's CEO, Innocent Chikwata, said that the project will address issues with its current equipment and stabilise the company’s operations by ensuring a reliable supply of raw materials. He noted that the plant's current capacity utilisation rate is 60%, with a target of 70% by the end of 2024.


US: Peru-based Unacem recorded a rise in cement sales volumes in its US operations during the second quarter of 2024 to 324,000t, a 96% increase from the same period in 2023. It partly attributed the growth to the addition of the Tehachapi plant in California in August 2023, which contributed 159,000t during the reporting period, Noticias Financieras News has reported.

However, in the Peruvian market, Unacem reported cement sales volumes of 1.37Mt, down by 2.8% compared to the second quarter of 2023. 


Thailand: Siam Cement has reported its results for the first half of 2024. Sales stood at US$13.9bn, slightly down from US$14bn previously. Net income declined threefold to US$340m compared to US$1.36bn a year ago.

For the quarter ending 30 June 2024, the company recorded sales of US$3.5bn compared to US$3.45bn in June 2023, and a net income of US$102m compared to US$223m.


Argentina: InterCement, the Brazilian group owning Loma Negra, has extended an exclusivity period with Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional (CSN) until 12 August 2024 to finalise the sale of its assets. Despite no firm commitment to sell, this move sidelines local investor Marcelo Mindlin's bid.

InterCement said in a statement "There is no signed document that generates any firm obligation or commitment on its part, its shareholder, and/or its subsidiaries in connection with the potential transaction."

According to CE Noticias Financieras, InterCement is under financial strain with debts of US$1.6bn. It is continuing to negotiate with creditors and strategise asset divestments.


Saudi Arabia: Al Jouf Cement has entered an agreement with Italy-based Webuild to supply cement worth US$27.7m for various projects in the upcoming NEOM city. The contract spans 41 months from signing, with potential for increased quantities. Al Jouf Cement anticipates a profitable impact on its financial statements from the third quarter of 2024 until the contract's conclusion.


Spain: Cement consumption in Andalucía decreased by 7% in the first half of 2024 to 1.54Mt. In June 2024, consumption dropped 7.6% to 271,415t. This decline extends to exports of clinker and cement, which fell by 24% to 247,805t, as reported by the Andalusian Cement Manufacturers’ Association (AFCA).

Carmen Díaz, president of AFCA, said "The first half figures are negative due to a slowdown in planned infrastructure execution. Considering the daily consumption in June, having two fewer business days this year than in 2023, the monthly figure would be positive, indicating potential recovery in the construction sector in the second half of 2024."


Rwanda: Cimerwa has completed its acquisition of Prime Cement. Cimerwa stated that the purchase of Prime Cement’s assets was an ‘off-market transaction’, denoting a private deal directly with the company. The company will acquire all operational assets of Prime cement, while the government retains any outstanding liabilities.

A statement from Cimerwa reads "Under this agreement, Cimerwa will acquire all assets of Prime Cement, thereby committing to ensuring cement sovereignty in Rwanda."