Displaying items by tag: Coal

India: The Cement Corporation of India's (CCI) Bokajan cement plant has halted production since 1 January 2014 due to a shortage of funds to purchase coal. Employees, unions and other local bodies have threatened to thwart any 'conspiracy of management' to close down the plant on 'insubstantial grounds' and have sought the intervention of Assam's Chief Minister to restore production.

Previously, the Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) declared that the state-owned CCI was a 'sick' industry but following good revenues from the cement producer's plants in Rajbon, Tendur and Bokajan the Indian government decided to keep the plants running.

Egypt: The managing director of Suez Cement has announced that the company intends to invest US$145m by 2016 energy security measures. US$72.5m will be spent on converting two of its five cement plants for the use of coal instead of gas and diesel. The remaining US$72.5m will be spent on environmental upgrades.

Tajikistan: The first coal-fired rotary kiln at the Dushanbe cement plant is about to start operation, according to the Tajik Ministry of Energy and Industry (MoEI). Chinese contractor Beijing Uni-Construction Group has installed the 600t/day cement kiln.

The Dushanbe cement plant has four large rotary kilns with capacity of 600t/day each and two small rotary kilns with capacity of 300t/day each. The 1.2Mt/yr plant has not been in operation since the beginning of 2013 due to a lack of natural gas.

Pakistan provides the majority of cement imports to Tajikistan, supplying 1.7Mt/yr.

Egypt: Jose Maria Magrina, chief executive officer of Arabian Cement Company (ACC), has asked the Egyptian government to help cement producers move to using coal and alternative fuels. In an announcement Magrina explained that ACC is ready to substitute all the natural gas used at its 5Mt/yr cement plant in Ain Sokhna to coal and refuse derived fuel (RDF) and had applied for the necessary government permits to do so on 14 March 2013. However until late May 2013 no answer had been received from the government.

"The investment needed to substitute natural gas or mazot (heavy duty fuel oil) with coal ranges from US$6-8m/Mt, while converting to RDF costs around US$8-12m/Mt. However for private companies to be encouraged to commit to such a huge investment, the government should look into incentivising this initiative by putting together a solid policy that includes governmental support," commented Magrina.

Magrina added that the government should remove the operating license fee imposed on new companies, as this was intended to cover the cost of subsidised natural gas, and that it should be granted an environmental permit. ACC is still waiting for the permit to use coal, which will replace 70% of its gas supply. Once the company is granted the permit, it will be ready to make the conversion by the fourth quarter of 2013.

Since February 2013, energy shortages have caused the cement industry in Egypt a loss of 20% (3.7Mt) in production capacity, while ACC has lost 25% (350,000t) of its cement production capacity in the same period. Losses of over 50% are expected during the summer of 2013. Until late 2010, the Egyptian government encouraged cement producers to switch to using natural gas. However, the current energy crisis has seen the government promote the use of coal and alternative fuels instead.

Pakistan: The cement industry has faced a shortage of raw material since Friday 7 December 2012 because truck owners have stopped picking up coal consignments for factories from Port Qasim, according to the All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association (APCMA). They are observing a strike against increased incidences of theft, extortion and the charges from the motorway police. The Pakistan cement industry consumes around 4.5Mt/yr of coal.

Coal and various other raw materials are not currently being transported to any cement producer from Port Qasim, which is likely to hurt production in the coming days.

Aside from the thefts and extortion by criminals, the truck owners and drivers say that motorway police have imposed impractical restrictions on truck loading. Truck owners said that the load restriction of 58.5t including 28t from the trucks themselves, is too low. This requirement severely limits the coal-carrying capacity of many trucks, making the transportation cost per tonne unrealistically high.

The APCMA has demanded the government to resolve the issues of goods carrier at the earliest hence the supplies are made regular in order to continue uninterrupted cement production.

Ethiopia: Mugher Cement Enterprise is considering proposals from two Chinese suppliers for a turnkey project to convert its current heavy furnace oil (HFO) clinker burning system to a coal-fired system. Mekonnen Zergaw, CEO of the state-owned Mugher, declining to disclose the names of the companies. He said that five companies had participated in the bid, of which one has been disqualified at the beginning while two companies did not pass the technical evaluation.

This is the second time Mugher has accepted tenders for the upgrade. Originally Mugher awarded a US$28m contract to Chinese firm Hefei Cement Research Design Institute (HCRDI) that built the same project for the EFFORT Messobo plant. "The company increased the bid by around US$11m after we had already awarded it," said Zergaw.

Mugher plans to complete the coal-fired furnace by the 2013-2014 fiscal year and its demand for coal is estimated to be 693Mt/yr. However, Mugher is still waiting for the approval of a US$33.2m loan request from the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia. The Ethiopian government instructed cement factories in 2010 to shift from HFO to other alternative sources of energy in order to reduce foreign currency spending.

India: An inter-ministerial panel has recommended the de-allocation of two coal blocks held by five companies, including Gujarat Ambuja Cement, Grasim Industries and Lafarge India, bringing the total number of such blocks to 13. The Inter-ministerial Group (IMG) has completed the review of 29 coal blocks held by private companies and recommended cancellation of licences for blocks holding an estimated 2.6Bnt of coal, affecting 28 private companies.

The affected blocks include the Bhaskarapara block in Chhattisgarh and Dahegaon Makardhokra IV in Maharashtra. The Dahegaon Makardhokra IV coal block, with 132Mt of reserves was allocated to IST Steel & Power, Gujarat Ambuja Cement and Lafarge India in 2009. The Bhaskarapara block with 48Mt of reserves was allotted to Electrotherm (India) Ltd and Grasim Industries Ltd in 2008. The coal ministry has not decided yet how it will re-allocate the 13 blocks.

A senior coal ministry official said the coal blocks would be auctioned to private firms or given to government companies at the reserve price if the ministry does not want to allocate them to Coal India. The ministry has already identified 54 coal blocks for three types of allotments: to government companies, to power companies and to private firms through auction.

"If we decide that Coal India has enough blocks, we may give it to other companies through the auction route. Whatever the route is, no block will be given free of cost and even Coal India will pay a reserve price," the official said.

The de-allocation recommendation follows a probe into the so-called 'coalgate' scam, concerning the allocation of coal mines to private firms since 1993. The practice of granting captive coal blocks to private power, steel and cement companies began in 1993, following an amendment to the Coal Mines (Nationalisation) Act. India's main opposition, the Bharatiya Janata Party, has accused the government of using the probe for alleged vested political interests.

Philippines: Lafarge Republic has signed a deal with the provincial government of Bataan and GNPower Mariveles Coal Plant to buy coal ash from the latter company's 600MW power plant.

Lafarge Republic, formerly Republic Cement, said the deal will start once the power plant begins producing coal ash. It will expire in November 2019. The company didn't provide financial details of the deal.

In a transaction announced in June 2012, Cemex Philippines said it will buy for around US$1 each ton of coal ash to be produced by the 200MW power plant of Korea Electric Power in the central province of Cebu.

India: Indian cement companies are facing a shortage of coal from Coal India Ltd, the country's largest producer. However they are unlikely to be affected by this due to the high levels of imports, a cement trade official has said.

"Most cement companies import up to 70%-75% of the coal needed to run their captive power plants. As of now, I don't expect cement supply to be affected by the coal shortage," said Sanjay Ladiwala, president of the Cement Stockists and Dealers Association of Bombay.

A brokerage report by Emkay Securities has stated that large cement companies such as ACC, Ambuja Cements and Ultratech Cement source around 20% of their thermal coal needs from Coal India's monthly electronic auctions. The report also said that Coal India has diverted the 4Mt for auction in October 2011 to power generation companies. This could lead to some cost escalation for cement producers as they have to rely on higher-priced imported coal.

Separately, Ladiwala said that cement prices rose across most of the country in October 2011, except in southern regions, as demand from the construction sector revived after the summer monsoon rains ended.

India: ACC intends to substitute 5% of its annual coal requirement of about 5Mt over the next three years with waste generated by cities and other industries. The company aims to save USD12m in 2011 by burning waste, primarily plastics, at its plants. In 2010 the company saved USD9.6m on fossil fuels.

"We are currently working on disposal of city wastes. We are segregating the plastic wastes and then use it in our kiln. Plastic has higher calorific value than coal," said ACC Director (Energy and Environment) K N Rao at the 4th Global Initiative for Restructuring Environment and Management.

"We have replaced 2% of our coal requirement by burning all types of wastes. Our target is to replace 5% of our total coal requirement within the next three years," Rao said.

ACC has an installed production capacity of 30Mt/yr in India where it uses about 5Mt/yr of coal. The company is currently implementing two pilot projects on management of waste for use as fuel at Kullu, in Himachal Pradesh, and Katni, in Madhya Pradesh. Besides plastic, the company also burns other materials that it segregates from city and industrial wastes.

Meanwhile the company has also announced that cement shipments reached 1.73Mt in September 2011, a rise by 9.5% compared to the same month in 2010. Production rose to 1.67Mt in September 2011 from 1.52Mt in 2010.