Global Cement News

In the global cement news this week, we see that PPC (the former Pretoria Portland Cement), a large-scale domestic player in the South African cement industry, has taken it upon itself to provide association-like services to cement and concrete consumers in the country. PPC says that it felt obliged to supply information on things like quantity analysis, setting advice and product testing in the place of the now-defunct Cement and Concrete Institute (CCI).

The CCI, lambasted by PPC and other cement producers for years, was accused in April 2013 by PPC of not providing the kind of advice and services that cement producers should expect from an association. PPC, Lafarge and AfriSam all pulled funding and the CCI collapsed.

If the CCI had simply ceased to exist, PPC's new stance, putting its own cash into industry-wide assistance, might be seen as laudable. However, the CCI has been re-born as the Concrete Institute (CI), an organisation that is, by its own admission, no longer on the lookout for the interests of the whole industry. The CI is largely backed by Sephaku Cement, itself majority owned by the Nigerian cement juggernaut Dangote Cement, making PPC's stance suddenly look like one of self-preservation. Dangote is making rapid progress in the sub-Saharan cement industry and firms like PPC cannot afford to let it sweep aside the status-quo in South Africa.

The speed and scale of Dangote's rise, covered previously in this column, is huge. Nigeria's largest company now has interests in Senegal, Zambia, Tanzania, Congo, Ethiopia, Cameroon, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast and Liberia as well as Nigeria and South Africa. Not a month goes by without the announcement of another upgrade, plant or project. Dangote has a fantastic position in its domestic market that has enabled these new projects to be funded.

By contrast PPC is battling a stale construction market in South Africa. South African cement sales fell by 3.8% year-on-year in the fourth quarter of 2012. To counteract this, PPC has committed to expand outside of South Africa to the tune of 40% of total production by the start of 2016. It announced in early 2013 that production is on track to come online in Rwanda, Ethiopia and the Democratic Republic of Congo by the fourth quarter of 2015. Zimbabwe is expected to follow suit by the middle of 2016. It already has interests in Botswana and Mozambique.

With two of its largest home-grown cement producers both expanding rapidly outside of their domestic markets, and a relative lack of interest from the big four multinationals, the sub-Saharan cement market is set for big changes in the medium to long term. PPC and Dangote are expanding towards each other and already share many markets. Dangote has expanded more rapidly and is moving towards exports from Nigeria. PPC is catching up by taking shares in strategically-placed plants. Is sub-Sahara headed for a showdown...? Whatever happens, the future of this rapidly-growing market will certainly be interesting.

Europe: Peter Hoddinott has been elected as President of CEMBUREAU for a two-year term at the Association's General Assembly, which was held in Vienna, Austria on 11 June 2013. He has completed his mandate as Vice-President over the past year. He takes over from Ignacio Madridejos. In addition, Daniel Gauthier, a member of the HeidelbergCement managing board, has been elected as Vice-President of CEMBUREAU, also for a two-year term.

Peter Hoddinott has been Executive Vice-President for Energy and Strategic Sourcing at Lafarge since 2012, responsible for worldwide energy strategy and sourcing of Lafarge's externally-sourced inputs. Previously, he held operational roles in Western Europe Cement, Latin America and South East Asia for Lafarge.

On his election as President of CEMBUREAU, Hoddinott stated, "Being elected to serve the cement industry of Europe is a privilege and honour. I am keenly looking forward to working with the whole sector to build on the foundations laid by Ignacio Madridejos over the past two years. Specifically, this involves actions to reinforce and strengthen the sector in the face of its current challenges."

"I take this opportunity of thanking Ignacio Madridejos for his commitment to the Association over the last two years" said Koen Coppenholle, CEMBUREAU Chief Executive. "I also wish to thank the Association of the Austrian Cement Industry, VÖZ, for organising this latest CEMBUREAU General Assembly. As highlighted by the European Cement Research Academy (ECRA), there are several innovation initiatives in the pipeline, and I look forward to progress in this field over the next decade."

ASEC Cement CEO Giorgio Bodo has cited security, fuel scarcity and general instability as the challenges facing cement producers in Egypt.

The comments came with the announcement that ASEC Minya had started clinker production at its 2Mt/yr Minya plant. In the news report ASEC congratulated itself on reaching clinker production within 28 months. Construction originally began in December 2010, just before the Egyptian Revolution of early 2011 occurred.

Bodo's comments will come as no surprise to delegates of the recent Global CemTrader conference which took place on 23 – 24 May 2013 in London, UK. In his presentation on current political unrest in the Arab countries and the implications for the cement industry, Bodo outlined seismic changes to the Egyptian cement market. As per his comments with the Minya announcement, challenges included the loss of fuel subsidies, fuel shortages, oversupply of cement and a decline in export prices. However, the overall picture was a mixed one. Bodo expected growth to be driven by growing political stability, increased government and private-sector spending, new development projects coming on-line, new export opportunities and other reasons.

Meanwhile, battles over the energy costs and supply in Egypt became public this week when Jose Maria Magrina, the CEO of Arabian Cement Company (ACC) implored the government to help cement producers move away from using natural gas, by removing operating licenses and speeding up the granting of environmental permits. Around the same time a member of the Federation of Egyptian Industries revealed that the government plans to increase the price of natural gas by over 75% for cement producers by 2016. Eventually the cement industry will be expected to source its energy needs independently.

Misr Cement announced in May 2013 that it too was preparing to use coal following a 14-hour shutdown of its kilns due to a shortage of mazot (heavy duty fuel oil). Figures with the ACC release stated that energy shortages have caused the cement industry in Egypt an effective loss of 20% (3.7Mt) of its production capacity since February 2013, with a 25% loss for ACC (350,000t). Suez Cement has also confirmed that it too has cut production by 20 - 30% so far in 2013. ¬

Unsurprisingly in this situation the alternative fuels sector has shown considerable interest in Egypt as Dirk Lechtenberg, MVW Lechtenberg & Partner, reports in the June 2013 issue of Global Cement Magazine [LINK]. Agricultural waste such as rice straw has shown potential as an alternative fuel for cement kilns. Refuse-derived fuels present a harder challenge given competition from the informal economy scavenging through rubbish tips.

Despite the many problems facing local cement producers, Egypt's compound annual growth rate in expected to be 3% for the next five years. In addition it was recently announced by the Minister of investments that Brazilian investors intend to invest US$2bn into the local cement sector.

Nigeria: The Northern Cement Company of Nigeria has appointed of Alhaji Ibrahim Aminu as executive director (finance). He replaces Finn Arnoldsen. Alhaji Garba Muhammad Sarkin Kudu has been appointed as a non-executive representing Sokoto State Government on the board, replacing Alhaji Sani Garba Shuni. The appointments take immediate effect.

Alhaji Ibrahim Aminu, a chartered accountant aged 45, holds a Bachelor of Science Degree in Accounting from Ahmadu Bello University. He started his working career in 1991 with the Federal Civil Service Commission, Lagos and subsequently worked for the Nigeria Universal Bank, the Nigerian Security Printing & Minting Co, Nigerian Telecommunications Ltd and BUA Flour Mills, before joining the Cement Company of Northern Nigeria as financial director in 2010.

Alhaji Garba Muhammad Sarkin Kudu, aged 53, holds a Bachelor of Art Degree in History from Usman Dan Fodio University. He has held various roles with the Sokoto state government becoming the Permanent Secretary Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism prior to his appointment with the Cement Company of Northern Nigeria.

Three stories this week from the Philippines build a complex picture of a booming cement industry. San Miguel purchased a 25% stake in Northern Cement, Lafarge Republic announced its capital expenditure budget for 2013 and the country's on-going price probe reported on its progress.

San Miguel's entry into the market should raise the most interest since its president stated that the company intends to spend US$750m on the construction of three cement plants. Each plant will have a cement production capacity of 2Mt/yr with construction timed to start in 2013 and finish by the end of 2015.

This level of investment, if it happens, surpasses the last major build announcement in the Philippines. In May 2013 Holcim released details of a US$550m plant in Bulacan with a capacity of 2.5Mt/yr. Some indication of the viability of San Miguel's plans may be gleaned from the comparative costs of the projects. San Miguel's plans will cost US$125/t of installed capacity, less than half of Holcim's US$220/t. Possible reasons for this difference may lie in San Miguel releasing the wrong figures or a reliance on lower build quality. However San Miguel's sheer size - its net income was US$2.25bn in 2011 - may itself herald the start of a major player in the domestic cement industry.

Meanwhile the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) has continued to investigate why the price of cement has risen since 2012. Currently prices are about 5% above the suggested retail price for cement. Cement producers blamed the increases on a higher cost of coal.

The Philippines is currently experiencing massive cement sales increases. In 2012 sales rose by 17.5% to 18.4Mt from 15.6Mt in 2011. With a total capacity of 21Mt/yr and a capacity utilisation rate of 85% in 2012, this growth looks set to continue in 2013, as confirmed by more rises in sales in the first quarter.