Displaying items by tag: Government

This week’s Virtual Global CemPower Seminar included an assessment on how interventions in European power markets might affect efforts to decarbonise industry. The presentation by Thekla von Bülow of Aurora Energy Research outlined how different countries in the European Union (EU) were implementing the forthcoming electricity price cap on ‘inframarginal’ producers to 180Euro/MWh. Each of these different proposals will entail differing levels of structural change to the wholesale energy market. For example, the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) has recommended establishing a series of frameworks including a stronger focus on Contracts for Difference (CfD) schemes to promote renewable energy sources.

These changes are a consequence of the EU’s response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Gas prices surged and then pushed up other energy prices in turn to record levels. As this column covered in September 2022, the price of electricity shot up in the summer of 2022 whilst at the same time Russian gas imports ceased. Cembureau, the European Cement Association, called for urgent action to be taken to support cement production due to large increases in the cost of electricity. For example, in its latest overview of the German cement industry, the German Cement Works Association (VDZ) said that the sector has an electrical consumption of 30TWh/yr. Clearly energy policy is of great interest to the industry.

Since then, in late September 2022, Heidelberg Materials’ chief executive officer Dominik von Achten told Reuters that his company was preparing to shift production at its Germany-based plants to times and days when power prices are lower including at the weekend. However, this was dependent on negotiations with the unions. Von Achten also warned of plant closures being a possibility. Then, in November 2022, it emerged that Zementwerk Lübeck’s grinding plant in northern Germany had reportedly been only operating its grinding plant at night and at the weekend due to high electricity prices. Also in November 2022 European energy news provider Energate Messenger reported that Heidelberg Materials was preparing its cement plants in Germany with emergency backup power to keep critical services running in the case of electricity power cuts. One view from the outside came from equipment supplier FLSmidth’s third quarter results where it noted it had, “...started to see the first cases of budget constraints imposed by customers to counter the increasing energy cost. A high utilisation is still driving service activity in Europe, but some customers have put large capital investments on stand-by and we have experienced a slowdown in decision-making processes.” On the other hand it also pointed out that this trend is driving sales of products that helped reduce energy usage and/or switch to alternative fuels.

On the financial side, Holcim reiterated in its half-year report that, on the country, level the group uses a mixture of fixed price contracts, long-term power purchase agreements, on-site power generation projects and increased consumption of renewable energy at competitive prices to reduce the volatility from its energy bills. Both Cemex and Heidelberg Materials said similar things in their third quarter results conference calls. Cemex said that nearly 70% of its electricity requirements in Europe were fixed in 2022 with nearly 30% fixed for 2023. It went on to reveal that around 20% of its total costs for cement production in Europe derived from its electricity bill. Interestingly, it added that a higher proportion of its electricity costs in Germany were fixed than elsewhere in Europe, due to the use of a waste-to-electricity system owned by a third party that is fed with refuse-derived fuel (RDF), but that it was more exposed to floating fuel rates in Spain. Heidelberg Materials added that it supported energy price caps in both Germany and the EU whether they affected it directly or not.

So far it has been a mild start to winter in Europe. This may be about to change with colder weather forecast for December 2022. This will stress test the EU’s energy saving preparations and in turn it could force the plans of industrial users, such as the cement sector, to change. Some of the cement producers have commented on the financial implications of rising fuel costs but they have been quieter publicly about how they might react if domestic consumers are prioritised. Plant shutdowns throughout cold snaps are the obvious concern but it is unclear how likely this is yet. The variety of energy policies between fellow member states, their own supply situations and the differences between cement plants even in the same country suggest considerable variation in what might happen. If large numbers of cement plants do end shutting throughout any colder periods, then one observation is that it will look similar to winter peak shifting (i.e. closure) of plants in China. The more immediate worry in this scenario though is whether these plants actually reopen again.

The proceedings pack from the Virtual Global CemPower Seminar is available to buy now

South Korea: The government ordered 2500 cement truck drivers to return to work on 29 November 2022. The Korea Herald newspaper has reported that drivers in the sector who continue their strike will be subject to criminal sanctions of up to three years in prison or a US$22,600 fine, and will have their truck driving licences suspended. The government explained that the order is justified due to cement truck drivers' failure to present 'good cause' for the industrial action.

President Yoon Suk-Yeol said "Taking the livelihoods of ordinary people and the national economy hostage to look out for their own needs is not justifiable."

Cement truck drivers make up 35% of a total 7080 truck drivers from 200 companies across the South Korean economy participating in the strike, which began on 24 November 2022.

China: Chinese regulatory authorities have instructed the country's financial institutions to begin lending more to property developers to help them complete residential construction projects. The International New York Times newspaper has reported that the Ministry of Finance has implemented tax breaks for non-first-time homebuyers. Meanwhile, People's Bank of China reduced the minimum total emergency funds to be held by commercial Chinese banks by US$70bn in order to free up cash. Industrial and Commercial Bank of China lent US$91bn to 12 different developers, while Bank of Communications lent US$14bn to leading property developer Vanke.

Governor of the People's Bank of China Yi Gang said “China’s housing sector is linked to a lot of upstream and downstream industries, so its healthy development is of great significance to the overall economy."

South Korea: Cement producers say that an on-going truck drivers' strike will force them to suspend production from 5 December 2022 if it continues for another week. Yonhap English News has reported that Industry Minister Lee Chang-Yang spoke to industry representatives on a visit to Asia Cement's Jecheon cement plant in Chunbuk. The cost of missed deliveries after four full days of the strike on 28 November 2022 was US$34.6m.

France: Authorities have granted construction and environmental clearances to N + P Group to set up its planned Isbergues Subcoal solid recovered fuel (SRF) plant in Hauts-de-France. When commissioned in 2024, the 150,000t/yr-capacity plant will be France's first to commercially produce the coal alternative for cement and other industries. The company says that its products will be able to eliminate 100,000t/yr of industrial CO₂ emissions nationally. N + P Group will use locally sourced waste at the unit.

Chief development officer Lars Jennissen said “Obtaining the environmental and construction permit is a major achievement for us, and we thank our colleagues and partners for their hard work in realising this important milestone. The new location will contribute to the circular economy in Hauts-de-France by converting regional non-recyclable wastes into new resources for regional customers, and it offers a massive potential CO₂ savings for the French market.”

Philippines: Vietnam Cement Industry Corporation (Vicem) has awarded a three-year, 6Mt cement and clinker import contract to Fenix (CEZA) International and Gold Falcon Trading Corp. The agreement will have effect from 2023 until 2025. ‎Việt Nam News has reported that Vietnam's Minister of Construction, Nguyen Thanh Nghi, and National Assembly chair, Vuong Dinh Hue, attended the contract's signing in Manila.

Declining demand, primarily from China, has diminished Vietnam's cement exports over past months. Vietnam produced 130Mt of cement in 2021, but consumed just 65Mt.

Belarus: The government has extended Belarusian Cement Company's exemption from paying customs duties and value added tax (VAT) on its goods imports until 31 December 2023. PrimePress News has reported that the cement producer had previously been exempt from payments up until 30 September 2022.

UK: The Mineral Products Association (MPA) has appointed Jon Flitney, Michael Conroy, Liam Forde, Steve Callow and Mike Haynes to new roles at the organisation. This follows the appointment of Jon Prichard as the MPA’s chief executive officer in October 2022, succeeding Nigel Jackson.

Jon Flitney has joined MPA Cement as Energy and Climate Change Manager. He will be working with the MPA Cement Climate Change and CO2 Reduction group providing support to sector decarbonisation and associated policies. Flitney joins from the British Ceramic Confederation (BCC) where he has worked across energy, environment, climate change and decarbonisation policy areas for over six years. He also previously worked on air quality and environmental protection for local authorities and the Environment Agency, covering a variety of manufacturing industries.

Michael Conroy joins as Manager - Environment, Safety & Regulatory Affairs for MPA Cement. He has over 20 years’ experience in the mineral products industry and ,since 2016, this has been focussed on environmental management, compliance, permitting and regulation across various sectors within the industry. His role at MPA involves working with members in the cement sector and liaising with the environmental regulators and relevant government departments on behalf of the members to ensure the sector is recognised in a positive and beneficial way. He is secretariat for the Cement Regulatory Interface Group (RIG), which meets regularly to discuss environmental regulatory matters that affect and impact the UK cement sector.

Liam Forde has joined BRMCA/MPA Ready-mixed Concrete as Construction Manager. His main responsibilities will be working with MPA members, the Concrete Centre and UK Concrete to promote safety, best practice, and ready-mixed concrete as the best solution for sustainable and resilient construction. Forde is a chartered civil engineer and joins from BAM Nuttall having had a background in both design and site environments.

Steve Callow has joined as Manager, Masonry and Concrete Products. He joins from Marshalls where he was Specification Manager. He also has sector experience gained from roles in FP McCann, CPM, Milbury Systems and Carillion.
Mike Haynes has joined MPA as British Lime Association Director. He joins MPA after 18 years in the lime industry working in the sales and customer services teams responsible for Construction and Civil Engineering markets and progressing to managing the customer services team. Prior to this, Haynes worked for contractors and consultants in those markets, as an engineer and project manager.

US: Cemex USA and RTI International have secured US$3.7m in funding from the US Department of Energy for their Balcones cement plant amine technology carbon capture study. The plant in New Braunfels, Texas, will trial RTI International's non-aqueous solvent (NAS) system, licensed by energy and technology company SLB. Resources News has reported that the system will have a CO₂ capture capacity of 670,000t/yr. RTI International's principal project investigator Vijay Gupta said that NAS capture has a 30 - 40% lower energy penalty than preceding solvent-based technologies.

Cemex USA president Jaime Muguiro said "We remain committed to exploring technologies that can help us meet our targets as we build a more sustainable future. We are striving to cut emissions across all our operations, and this study with RTI International is one of the many steps Cemex is taking to achieve our objectives."

Germany: Zementwerk Lübeck is reportedly only operating its grinding plant at night and at the weekend due to high electricity prices. Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR) reports that the cement producer has also been forced to suspend production at times. However, government support is expected to help the plant to continue operation into 2023. NDR also reports that 80% of industrial plants in Schleswig-Holstein are threatened by energy costs. Zementwerk Lübeck operates a 0.3Mt/yr cement grinding plant at Lübeck.