Displaying items by tag: India
Update on India, August 2023
09 August 2023Adani Group announced this week that it was set to acquire a majority stake in Sanghi Cement. Its subsidiary Ambuja Cements said it was going to spend an enterprise value of just over US$600m on buying a 57% share in Sanghi Industries. The acquisition will be fully funded through internal accruals. The transaction works out at about US$99/t of clinker production capacity, a similar amount to what Adani Group paid Holcim to buy Ambuja Cements and ACC in 2022.
The acquisition has generally been perceived as consolidation in a crowded market. Profits have been under pressure in recent years due to the coronavirus pandemic lockdowns, logistics issues and then energy and other input price rises. However, commentators from ICICI Securities, cited in the local press, took the alternative view that Adani Group might be trying to start a price war in the west of India. They noted that demand for cement was 70Mt/yr in the region versus a production capacity of 82Mt/yr. Yet Sanghi Cement has reportedly been operating at less than a third of its capacity. Adani Group also revealed its intention to increase the cement production capacity at Sanghi Cement’s Sanghipuram plant to 15Mtyr by mid-2025 from 6.1Mt/yr at present. If the plant were upgraded it would potentially increase Adani Group’s market share from 19% to 37%.
Another aspect to consider with any large corporate action by Adani Group is the political angle. Adani Group’s chair Gautam Adani is often linked in the local press to the country’s ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Prime Minister Narendra Modi. So, every time Adani Group does something newsworthy, opponents of the BJP play up the perceived connections. This time the Indian National Congress (INC) simply noted publicly that a rival bidder for Sanghi Cement had encountered a tax investigation before it withdrew from the auction. There is no evidence suggesting that anything underhand happened here. Yet the point to consider going forward is that anything that Adani Group does is likely to be subject to more scrutiny than its peers. This may have unexpected consequences.
The financial results for the India-based cement producers covering the first quarter of the 2023 - 2024 year have been released in recent weeks. Generally, revenue and sales are up strongly but profits less so. Due to this, there has been a lot of attention placed on the costs these companies are incurring. Inflation on energy costs reportedly peaked in late 2022, but as Graph 1 below shows, it has been a mixed situation for the larger cement companies.
Graph 1: Comparison of Power & Fuel costs for selected Indian cement producers in first quarter of 2021, 2022 and 2023 financial years. Source: Company financial reports.
UltraTech cement said that its energy cost grew by 3% year-on-year in the first quarter of the 2024 fiscal year and it blamed this mainly on negative currency exchange effects. It also reported higher raw material costs due to the growing price of fly ash and slag. Ambuja Cements (and subsidiary ACC) managed to cut both its fuel costs and increase its earnings, which, while impressive, is not entirely unexpected following the takeover by Adani Group in mid-2022. Similarly to UltraTech Cement, neither Shree Cement nor Dalmia Cement were able to grow earnings faster than revenue, so earnings per tonne of cement fell. Birla Corp, however, did manage to pull off this trick due to a “substantial decline in fuel and power costs.”
One consequence of a competitive cement market with lower profits than previously, is a renewed emphasis on marketing. Adani Group’s subsidiaries Ambuja Cements and ACC both highlighted the companies’ branding and marketing activities in the first quarter. Ambuja Cements has resurrected its television advert with wrestler The Great Khali, ACC is highlighting its part in the building industry since the 1930s with its own campaign and both companies are targeting sporting events such as the India versus Australia World Test Championship. Adani Group is building up brand awareness following the acquisition and potentially leading up to a name change in the future.
The other companies are also doing this but one campaign that sticks out has been Shree Cement’s use of classic video games such as the ‘Shree Cement Bros” video on its website. Computer game character Mario has done a lot of things in his time but he also worked in a cement plant back in the 1980s Game & Watch title ‘Mario’s Cement Factory.’ We are still waiting for the 4k remake with online multiplayer for some reason! Until then, it is worth reflecting that brand awareness is important in the world’s second largest cement market and it may become more so as Adani Group continues to establish itself.
India: Amubja Cements has appointed Hitesh L Marthak as its company secretary and compliance officer. Hitesh holds 25 years professional experience. He was appointed to the same positions at subsidiary ACC in late July 2023. Both Ambuja Cements and ACC are part of Adani Group.
India: Birla Corporation reported consolidated sales of US$293m in the first quarter of its 2024 financial year, up by 9.3% year-on-year from the previous first quarter. This was partly due to a 12% rise in the company’s cement sales volumes to 4.41Mt, which offset ‘subdued prices’ in its core markets. The producer increased its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) by 15% to US$37.9m. United News of India has reported that Birla Corporation recorded a capacity utilisation of 91%, which was among the highest in the Indian cement industry.
The company said that it will ‘maintain its relentless thrust on cost rationalisation, shoring up sales of premium products in high realisation geographies, route-to-market optimisation and increasing leadership bench strength and depth.’
Wonder Cement to build US$66.4m cement facility in Gujarat
09 August 2023India: Wonder Cement has concluded a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with authorities to build a cement production facility in Desar, Gujarat. The Times of India newspaper has reported that the producer plans to invest US$66.4m in the new facility.
Dalmia Cement (Bharat) orders Gebr. Pfeiffer vertical roller mills for Ariyalur and Kadapa grinding plants
08 August 2023India: Germany-based Gebr. Pfeiffer says that it has received orders for two MVR 3750 C-4 vertical roller mills from Dalmia Cement (Bharat). The producer plans to install one mill at its Ariyalur grinding plant in Tamil Nadu and the other at its Kadapa grinding plant in Andhra Pradesh. Gebr. Pfeiffer says that the mills will be employed in grinding clinker and pond ash. Each will produce 160t/hr of cement or fly ash cement. The supplier said that the mills' vertical design will help them to dry pond ash, as well as grinding and classifying it.
India: Prism Johnson has ordered US$2.42m-worth of coal for use as cement fuel from Vikas Ecotech. Press Trust of India News has reported that the supplier will complete the order by 31 October 2023.
India: Ambuja Cements has concluded a deal to acquire a 57% stake in Sanghi Industries for US$202m. Reuters has reported that the company has offered to subsequently increase its stake in Sanghi Industries to as much as 83% for up to US$295m in total. It will fund the acquisition of any stake through internal accruals. Sanghi Industries operates the 6.1Mt/yr Sanghipuram cement plant, which is equipped with a 130MW captive power plant and a 13MW waste heat recovery (WHR) plant. The cement plant, in Gujarat, also has a single-jetty port on the Arabian Sea coast. Ambuja Cements' parent company Adani Group plans to more than double the Sanghipuram cement plant's capacity to 15Mt/yr.
Adani Group chair Gautam Adani said “By joining hands with Sanghi Industries, Ambuja is poised to expand its market presence, strengthen its product portfolio and reinforce its position as a leader in the construction materials sector. With this acquisition, Adani Group is well on course to achieve its target of 140Mt/yr of cement manufacturing capacity by 2028 ahead of time.”
UltraTech Cement to acquire 26% stake in VEH Radiant Energy
03 August 2023India: UltraTech Cement has concluded an agreement to buy a 26% stake in renewable power provider VEH Radiant Energy. UltraTech Cement says that VEH Radiant Energy will help it to increase its reliance on renewable power in its operations.
India: Ambuja Cement recorded revenues of US$1.06bn in the first quarter of the 2024 financial year, up by 9% year-on-year from the previous first quarter. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 55% to US$234m. The producer reported a 17% reduction in its fuel costs, from US$30.16/Mcal to US$27.07/Mcal. Nonetheless, its net profit fell by 38% to US$78.1m from US$127m.
Chief executive officer Ajay Kapur said “Along with the strong demand for our premium cement products, growth was fuelled by our various competences in operational excellence, supply chain management and sales and marketing excellence. Our synergies with the Adani Group companies are lowering input costs, which is boosting EBITDA growth. Furthermore, our blueprint of improvements through group synergies and capital expenditure for efficiency and decarbonisation whilst creating opportunities, will redefine the cement industry landscape. These include lowering the clinker factor, diminishing energy intensity, implementing waste heat recovery (WHR) systems and augmenting renewable energy generation.” He added “Our long-term competitiveness remains robust, ensuring industry-leading profitability as we chase our ambitious growth goals. With a firm belief in our strategic approach, we are poised to continue our trajectory of outstanding performance as we are devoted to sustainable and responsible growth.”
India: Dalmia Bharat has commenced commercial operations at its new Sattur cement plant in Tamil Nadu. The 2Mt/yr grinding plant will serve the growing South Indian market. The new facility raises Dalmia Bharat’s installed production capacity by 4.8% to 43.7Mt/yr