Displaying items by tag: India

India: M P Birla Cement has launched its new so-called premium brand ‘Perfect Plus’ from its Maihar plant in Madhya Pradesh and its Chanderia plant in Rajasthan. The product uses deflocculated fine particles of cement to form a Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (C-S-H) gel that improves the quality of the concrete made from it. Reported advantages for concrete made from the product include high early strength, reduce permeability and better water demand to reduce voids and increase strength.

Bangladesh/India: Lafarge Umiam Mining has won the Outstanding Achievement Award from the Indian Bureau of Mines. The subsidiary of LafargeHolcim was cited as a role model for other mining operators in India's north-eastern region, according to the Financial Express newspaper. It also picked up an award for health and safety. Lafarge Umiam Mining operates a mine in Meghalaya in India that provides raw materials to LafargeHolcim Bangladesh’s integrated plant at Chhatak in Sylhet.

India: Burnpur Cement has appointed Pawan Pareek as its chief financial officer. Pareek holds 30 years experience in accounts, finance and commerce for the steel and cement industries.

The cement producer has also appointed Uma Agarwal as a non-executive independent director. Agarwal holds qualifications as a company secretary and has practiced company law for the last three years.

UAE: Union Cement plans to de-list its shares from the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange and convert the company into a private joint stock company, according to the Gulf News newspaper. India’s Shree Cement agreed to buy Union Cement for US$305m in January 2018 subject to regulatory approval. Union Cement operates a cement plant Ras Al- Khaimah.

India: UltraTech Cement has raised its direct offer to buy Binani Cement to US$1.21bn. Previously it made a direct offer of US$1.11bn to Binani Cement in the form of a so-called ‘comfort letter’ that Binani Industries used to stop the insolvency process. UltraTech Cement made this latest offer to the resolution professional handling the insolvency process of Binani Cement, according to the Economic Times newspaper. The move follows a decision by the Supreme Court on 13 April 2018 to block UltraTech Cement’s first offer. However, the court will consider a plea by a group of operational creditors that is backing the higher offer in late-April 2018.

India: The Binani Operational Creditors Forum (BOCF) is seeking a forensic audit of the insolvency resolution process of Binani Cement due to an alleged lack of transparency. The forum has filed a petition in the Supreme Court, according to the Press Trust of India. Binani Cement owes about US$1.07bn to its creditors.

The Supreme Court previously blocked an out-of-court offer by UltraTech Cement for Binani Cement. A consortium led by Dalmia Bharat won an auction for Binani Cement with a bid of US$974m in early March 2018. However, UltraTech Cement then made a direct bid to Binani Cement a few weeks later. According to the BOCF, the operational creditors are expected to only receive US$23.2m from a total exposure of US$107m if the bid from Dalmia Bharat is allowed to complete.

India: The Supreme Court has blocked an out-of-court offer by UltraTech Cement for Binani Cement. Banks had offered conditional support to UltraTech’s bid, seeking indemnity from Binani Industries, the owner of Binani Cement, against any potential legal action, according to the Economic Times newspaper. A consortium led by Dalmia Bharat won an auction for Binani Cement with a bid of US$974m in early March 2018. However, UltraTech Cement then made a direct bid to Binani Cement a few weeks later.

Binani Industries had deposited US$115m with HDFC Bank to show its commitment to the deal with UltraTech, along with a bank guarantee for nearly US$1bn. However, Dalmia Bharat had sent letters to all the banks involved saying that any settlement initiated by them would be a breach of trust as they had entered into a contract with Dalmia.

India: Heidelberg Cement India has been certified as over six times net water positive by TOV SOD, an independent certifying agency. During the 2016 – 2017 financial year the company’s cement plants withdrew 1.09kL of water from various sources but they harvested 6.97kL of water. This implies that the company collected more water from sustainable sources, such as rainfall, than it used. The company's multidimensional approach includes diverting rainwater to
reservoirs, installing water harvesting systems, reviving of bore wells, controlling seepage and educating its staff on water conservation.

Two reports out this week have looked at the carbon footprint of the cement industry. The first, a technology roadmap by the Cement Sustainability Initiative (CSI) and the International Energy Agency (IEA), laid out a technology pathway for the sector to reduce its direct CO₂ by 24% from current levels by 2050 to meet the IEA’s 2°C scenario (2DS). The second, a report by the CDP (formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project) on the progress of 13 major cement producers to reduce their emissions, was a progress report on the business readiness for a low carbon economy transition.

Graph 1: European Union industry emissions by sector, 2013 - 2017. Source: Sandbag, European Commission.

The scene was set last week when the environmental campaign group Sandbag picked up on the latest emission data from the European Union (EU) Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Industrial emissions as a whole rose by 2% year-on-year to 743Mt in 2017. The cement and lime industry reported a rise of 3% to 148Mt in 2017 from 144Mt in 2016. As Sandbag reported, industrial emissions have remained ‘stubbornly high’ for the duration of the ETS. It then went on to say that, “the EU urgently needs a new industrial strategy to bring about radical industrial process changes and/or carbon capture and storage, especially for the high-emitting steel and cement sectors.”

The CDP’s report provided a global scorecard on the readiness of the cement industry to adapt to a low-carbon future. Unfortunately, the report used data from self-reporting questionnaires and it lacked data from the two largest Chinese cement producers, Anhui Conch and China National Building Materials (CNBM), although it did try to compensate for this. The CDP assessed companies across four key areas aligned with the recommendations from the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD).

Graph 2: Opportunity vs. risk for low-carbon transition. Source: Building Pressure report, CDP.

Surprisingly, the study, even with its limitations, found regional variation. As can be seen in Graph 2, the Indian cement producers came out on top from the criteria used: transition risks, physical risks, transition opportunities and climate governance and strategy. CDP pinned this on better access to alternative materials such as fly ash and slag coming from other carbon intensive sectors, such as thermal power generation and steel production. Reported process emissions measured by the clinker ratio for the Indian companies was 69% versus 78% for the other companies. They also benefited from newer cement plants driven by high market growth in the region compared to older plants in Europe.

The technology roadmap from the CSI and the IEA set out key actions for the industry to take by 2030 to have at least a 50% chance of achieving the 2°C 2DS scenario followed by a possible transition pathway that could be achieved through technology, legislation and investment. The key actions are protecting carbon pricing mechanisms from carbon leakage, putting new technology into action and supporting it by legislation, and greater government support for products with a lower clinker factor.

The CSI’s and IEA’s targets for 2030 included reaching a clinker to cement ratio of 0.64 in 2030 from 0.65 in 2014, a thermal energy intensity of clinker of 3.3GJ/t from 3.5GJ/t, an electricity intensity of cement of 87kWh/t from 91kWh/t and a alternative fuel co-processing rate of 17.5% from 5.6%. Perhaps the most optimistic is a CO₂ capture and storage amount of 14MtCO₂/yr in 2030 from nothing at the moment. This last target seems unlikely to be achieved given the lack of projects outside of the pilot stage, but it’s not impossible.

This column barely touches on the detail within either report or even the latest data from the EU ETS. Both reports offer ways forward to meet the 2°C global warming target outlined in the Paris Agreement. It’s easy to be pessimistic given the on-going clash between environmental optimism and business logic but both reports offer a way forward. The CDP report sets out a baseline with a look to the future, whilst the CSI/IEA roadmap offers what it says is a realistic route to reach that 2DS target. Lastly, if the CDP’s assessment is correct about the Indian producers then it’s possible that other developing cement industries may inherently be cleaner due to their use of newer plants and equipment. If worldwide government support can be provided for use of alternative fuels and materials on a much larger scale, as well as all the other recommendations, then meeting the Paris agreement may be easier than expected as new markets build new production capacity.

Two examples of carbon capture utilisation and sequestration projects will be covered in the May 2018 issue of Global Cement Magazine

India: The Supreme Court has been informed that the government is considering a ban on the use of petcoke by various industries. Additional Solicitor General A N S Nadkarni, representing the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, told the court that a decision on the matter could be made within one month, according to the New Indian Express newspaper.

At present it is unclear whether the cement industry would be affected. However, if it was included in the ban, this potentially could be a problem for Shree Cement, which uses 100% petcoke in its fuels mix, according to India Infoline News Service. Additionally, UltraTech Cement, JK Cement, JK Lakshmi Cement and Mangalam Cement have petcoke usages in the range of 75 - 85% and would also be negatively affected.