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The Saudi Cement Company has been complaining in recent weeks about market conditions in Saudi Arabia. Following a meeting of its board of directors in early February 2016, it decided to temporally a 3500t/day production line and halt further upgrades. At the meeting it blamed the local market and the country’s export ban.

In January 2016, the cement producer reported that its net profit had fallen by 35% year-on-year to US$49m in the fourth quarter of 2015 from US$76m in the same period in 2014. The trend for the year as a whole was less pronounced but still downward. Its net profit fell by 14% to US$257m.

Saudi Cement’s experience may be indicative if one looks at wider figures for the industry. Cement output is high, inventory is piling up and government infrastructure spending is falling. If the country’s industry isn’t feeling the pain right now surely it must be wondering what might happen next.

Figure 1 – Saudi Arabian cement production and inventory, 2011 – 2015

As Figure 1 shows data from Yamama Cement for the industry as a whole. Cement output has been steadily growing over the last five years since 2011 to the current declared level of 61.5Mt. However, in the background, cement inventory has also been growing. The particular jump appears to be between 2012 and 2014 when the stock grew from 6.4Mt to 21.5Mt. In mid-2013 King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud issued an urgent command ordering 10Mt of cement to cope with a local shortage at that time. Subsequently cement producers were asked to build a 'strategic' reserve of two months inventory at each plant. It looks like they took that message to heart.

Alongside this the Saudi Ministry of Finance slashed its Infrastructure and Transportation budget down to more than half to US$6.37bn in 2016 from US$16.8bn in 2015. Local media reported that value of new contracts won by the Saudi contractor Abdullah A M Al Khodari & Sons in 2015 fell by nearly 50% in the lead-up to the 2016 budget announcement in December 2015. Previously, Al Khodari had typically earned about 95% of its revenue from government-related contracts.

It should be noted that Saudi Cement is based in the east of the country and some regional variation is possible here. The country’s other major cement producers - Yamama Cement, Yanbu Cement and Southern Province Cement have all reported that their net profits rose in 2015. Yet the inventory keeps piling up.

The other reason than Saudi Cement pointed out for its woes was the country’s cement export ban. The government introduced an export ban on cement exports in February 2012. Since then local cement producers have asked on several occasions to have the ban repealed. Most recently the chairman of Saudi Arabia's Cement Association asked in March 2015 to lift the ban so that his producers could supply Egypt with 6Mt of cement. At the time, as now, the chairman would have been well aware of all the cement lying around.

Local press reported in late November 2015 that government bodies were considering cutting the ban on cement exports. The ban was originally introduced in Saudi Arabia to keep prices down and production flowing for large infrastructure projects built using oil revenue. These same projects were designed to wean the economy off its reliance oil revenue. With investment falling as the price of oil stays low the cement industry is in a tight spot. The government and cement producers will need to think very carefully what the consequences are of opening the gates for Saudi cement exports.

Zimbabwe: Kelibone Masiyane has been appointed as the managing director of PPC Zimbabwe. He replaces Njombo Lekula, who recently became the managing director of PPC's international operations. Previous to the appointment, Masiyane’s was the general manager of the Colleen Bawn and the Bulawayo cement plants.

"Kelibone's promotion will see him assume overall responsibility for PPC Zimbabwe's business, with his key focus our Harare factory," said Lekula. Other recent promotions include those of Iain Sheasby and Karen Mhazo to the roles of Commercial Director and General Manager of Finance respectively, and that of current Group Human Resources Manager designate Trust Mabaya in March 2016.

China: Wang Shizhong has resigned as an executive director and a member of the Strategic Committee of BBMG Corporation with immediate effect. He resigned due to the re-designation of his work. The board of BBMG expressed its appreciation for Wang’s contribution to the company development in a statement.

Pakistan: Lucky Cement has reported a 11.7% year-on-year rise in its net profit to US$60m in the half-year that finished on 31 December 2015. Its net sales revenue rose by 2% year-on-year to US$209m from US$204m. It attributed the rise to an increase in sales volumes.

Local sales volumes for the company for the period increased by 19.7% to 2.42Mt from 2.02Mt. However, export sales volumes fell by 27% to 0.9Mt from 1.23Mt.

Lucky Cement has also decided to set up another 10MW waste heat recovery (WHR) plant at its Pezu Plant, which is expected to be completed by December 2016. The company additionally reported on progress at other projects, including an integrated cement plant in the Democratic Republic of Congo, a 660MW coal-based power project, a 50MW wind farm and an electricity supply to Pesco and a WHR unit at the Pezu power plant.

South Africa: Striking Lafarge South Africa employees affiliated to the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) have returned to work after a 12-day strike, according to Lafarge South Africa. The industrial action involved disputes on several issues, including a salary increase.

"We are pleased that we have been able to negotiate solutions that benefit our employees. While our operations were not grossly impacted, we are happy to announce that we are running at full capacity," said Unathi Batyashe-Fillis, Country Manager for Communications and Public Affairs at Lafarge South Africa.

Lafarge reported that an agreement had been reached on an 8% salary increase effective from 1 January 2016, a commitment to tighten salary gaps per job category by the end of April 2016 and a one-off fixed housing grant of US$4640 per employee to acquire or build a house. The grant would, after two years of implementation, be increased by a sum equal to the annual average inflationary rate for workers.

Around 800 NUM affiliated employees demanding initially a 13% raise and a US$3310 housing grant, according to Reuters. The union has confirmed that the deal has been accepted.

Italy: Italcementi’s loss has grown by 41.7% year-on-year to Euro69.3m in 2015 from Euro48.9m in 2014. The multinational cement producer blamed this on falling revenue per unit amidst general poor markets, particularly in Egypt. Despite this its revenue grew by 3.5% to Euro4.3bn in 2015 from Euro4.16bn in 2014, boosted by a stronger fourth quarter and currency effects.

Overall cement clinker sales volumes remained unchanged in 2015 at 43.4Mt. Growth in North Africa, Middle East (Egypt and Kuwait) and the more contained growth in North America was counterbalanced by downturns in Europe, Asia and Trading.

Italcementi expects growth in North America, moderate sales growth Egypt and stability in emerging markets in 2016. Demand for building materials is expected to be stable overall in Italy, France and Belgium, with a general recovery elsewhere in Eastern European and Mediterranean markets. It plans to raise prices in all areas except for India and Thailand.

The group also announced that it has completed the procedures for the sale of non-core assets to Italmobiliare, under the agreements signed by Italmobiliare with HeidelbergCement. Italcementi will sell to its parent Italmobiliare the stakes it holds in renewable energy company Italgen and e-procurement specialist BravoSolution, in addition to a building in the centre of Rome. The asset sales will be wrapped up on finalisation of the agreement between Italmobiliare and HeidelbergCement.

Pakistan: Bestway Cement has reported that its profit after tax has risen by 47% year-on-year to US$54.4m from July to December 2015 from US$372m in the same period in 2014. Its revenue rose by 45.5% to US$201m from US$138m. It attributed the growth to the acquisition of Pakcem, an increase in domestic demand and stable prices during the period.

Domestic sales volumes for the company increased by 47% to 3.1Mt from 2.1Mt. It reported that overall dispatches by the Pakistan cement industry increased by 6.3% to 18.2Mt from 17.1Mt. Overall exports dropped by 26% to 3Mt from 4.1Mt. Bestway reported that it maintained its market share in the north of Pakistan and retained its position as the largest exporter of cement to Afghanistan and India, despite fierce competition.

Work on Bestway Cement’s 12MW waste heat recovery plant at Pakcem Kallar Kahar progressed during the period. The upgrade project is expected to cost US$15m.

Brazil: Votorantim Cimentos has launched a new portfolio of bagged cement for the Brazilian market. The launch follows research with construction professionals and stakeholders. The company then set up a multidisciplinary group to develop its new portfolio of bagged cement from a consumer's viewpoint.

Specific products have been developed for different types of construction work. ‘Obras Estruturais’ is intended for foundations, columns, beams and structures. ‘Todas as Obras’ is intended for plasters, subfloors and slabs. ‘Obras Básicas’ is intended for repairs and renovations without structural function. ‘Obras Especiais’ is intended for industrial use as pavers, precast and artifacts. ‘Obras Especiais em Meios Agressivos’ is intended for coastal areas, pipes and sewage treatment facilities.

“For the non-specialist consumer, buying cement will be easier, more convenient and safer. For retailers and professional workers, this will bring more confidence in their recommendations, ensuring high quality and productivity at the construction site,” said Walter Dissinger, Global CEO of Votorantim Cimentos.

India: Shree Cement has offered the highest bid in an auction for limestone deposits at Karhi Chandi, Baloda Bazar in Chhattisgarh. The site has estimated reserves of 155Mt of limestone in an 252 hectare area. Official confirmation from the state government that confirms Shree Cement as the winner of the auction is still awaited.

Local press reports that Shree Cement offered US$4/t for the deposit. The sale was the first non-coal mining lease auction by the state government. Shree Cement has plans to expand its cement plant at Raipur.

Tanzania: The Court of Appeal has dismissed a disputed tax charge for US$371,000 against Tanga Cement as ‘incompetent.’ Counsel for Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA), Felix Haule, conceded that the appeal was indeed incompetent because the decree was not signed by members of the Tax Appeals Tribunal, according to local media. Before rejecting the two appeals, the Justices of the appeals court were informed that the respondents into the matters have lodged preliminary objections to challenge their competence for having offended the rules under the Tax Revenue Appeals Tribunal. The case was one of three worth over US$1.3bn that were also dismissed as part of a series of corporate tax appeal cases.