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2017 is an anniversary year for the French cement industry as it marks the bicentenary of Louis Vicat’s pioneering work into the creation of ‘artificial’ cement. The company that bears his name, Vicat, is a major force in the global cement industry to this day. However, the French industry has suffered since the global financial crash in 2007, with steadily declining production volumes, despite a bounce in 2011. Lafarge was only able to maintain its international status through a merger with Switzerland’s Holcim in 2015 and the arguments surrounding that ‘merger of equals’ are still playing out now with the resignation of the group’s chief executive officer in April 2017.

Graph 1: Cement consumption in France, 2012 – 2016. Source: Syndicat Français de l’Industrie Cimentière & Vicat.

Thankfully, the industry started to recover in 2016 and the signs are positive that this will continue into 2017 with the presidential elections concluded. Graph 1 shows the situation since 2012.

Sensing the rebound in 2016 the head of the French building federation (FFB) placed growth in construction materials volumes at 1.9% in December 2016 with a forecast of 3.4% in 2017 based on new residential housing. Naturally he used his position to lobby the politicians in the run-up to the election and the FFB have carried on in this vein haranguing the new administration with 112 (!) proposals to ‘rebuild’ France.

The major cement producers broadly agreed with the outlook in 2016 with LafargeHolcim describing the local construction sector as growing ‘slightly’ despite subdued public spending on infrastructure and HeidelbergCement concurring. Vicat was more effusive pointing to its 6% rise in sales volumes to 2.9Mt in the domestic and export markets. It pinned the recovery down to the last quarter of 2015. However, it noted that the rise in volumes had compensated for a fall in prices due in part to the increased exports. On this point, although it’s outside the scope of this column, it would be fascinating to know how much the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme is stoking the French cement indsutry’s recovery through exports (see GCW290).

Investment has been returning to the market though with Ecocem France’s order of a Loesche mill for a slag cement mill it is building Dunkirk, the inauguration of a new tyre recycling unit at Lafarge France’s Martres plant and the start of a gasifier project at Vicat’s Crechy plant in 2016. More recently Lafarge France reported to the French press in May 2017 that it was starting to consider contractors for a new production line at the Martres plant, leading to fears that it might choose a Chinese provider.

So far in 2017 the situation is on a knife-edge with LafargeHolcim, HeidelbergCement and Vicat all reporting slight declines in sale volumes or earnings that they have blamed on the weather. However, LafargeHolcim did mention growing momentum towards the end of the period offering some hope. As seen above the fundamentals for the French cement industry are all ready and present for growth. Now with the pro-business Euro-centric new president installed in office the industry should be about to flower in time for Louis Vicat’s anniversary.

Germany: Michael Brachthäuser has been appointed as the head of Beumer Group’s cement division. The 61-year old was appointed to the role in October 2016. Prior to joining Beumer he worked as the sales manager for a plant engineering company in the cement and ore industry, for an international power plant builder and a supplier of equipment and services for the cement industry.

South Africa: PPC has reported a 93% decline in full-year earnings due to a liquidity crisis precipitated by the cut in its credit rating to junk status during the first quarter of 2017. PPC, which is still negotiating a possible merger with rival Afrisam, said that headline earnings per share fell to just US$0.005 from US$0.083 in the comparable period of 2016.

Dominican Republic: Adocem, the association of Portland cement manufacturers in the Dominican Republic, has highlighted the contribution of the local cement industry towards the country's development. According to Rayza Rodriguez, the new president of Adocem, the cement industry recorded a 7.5% rise in sales during 2016 compared to 2015, whereas it grew by 3.5% in the first quarter of 2017.

India: The cement industry is expected to grow at 6-7% in the current 2017-2018 fiscal year, which runs from 1 April 2017 to 31 March 2018, according to HeidelbergCement India. The company said that, while infrastructure (including a focus on concrete roads), affordable housing programmes and the prospect of a normal monsoon augur well for the industry, oversupply may restrict the ability to pass on any input cost increases.

Philippines: DMCI Holdings has once again hinted that it is looking to enter the cement sector, with a potential US$340m investment to make use of low-grade coal and vast limestone reserves in Antique's Semirara Island. DMCI chair and president Isidro Consunji said that the island, where DMCI’s Semirara Mining and Power Corporation already mines coal, has around 1Bnt of limestone. He hinted at a capacity of around 5000t/day, saying, “You only need two 2Mt/yr, so the limestone can last for 500 years if we don't expand.” Consunji added that the cement plant would be capable of using lower grade coal that DMCI cannot use or sell for other purposes. 

The company previously made a similar announcement of intent in December 2016.

Ghana: Ghacem has launched its first ever cement academy and a mobile app that is designed to equip block makers across the country and expand their knowledge regarding cement usage. According to the Commercial Director of Ghacem, Nana Philip Archer, the latest innovation by the company stemmed from three principles; Developing a premium brand, professionalism and the fostering of easy transactions among its stakeholders, especially customers.

“It is not just about producing quality blocks but we want to embark on an educational drive and that is the reason why we have launched the Ghacem Academy,” said Archer. “We are doing this just so we expand the knowledge boundaries of how to use Ghacem cement.”

Pakistan: Cement exports have continued to decline year-on-year for the fourth consecutive month in May 2017, registering a fall of 44.6% according to the All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association (APCMA). The decline follows a 45.7% year-on-year fall in exports in February 2017, a 60.4% year-on-year fall in March 2017 and a 50.8% year-on-year fall in April 2017.

However domestic sales were up by 10.9% year-on-year for May 2017, reaching 3.4Mt, as compared to 3.1Mt in May 2016. Total dispatches during May 2017 were 3.7Mt, as compared to 3.6Mt in May 2016, an increase of 2.4%.

So far in Pakistan’s fiscal year, which runs from 1 July to 30 June, domestic cement consumption has increased by a healthy 10.8% to 37.6Mt against 35.5Mt for 1 July 2015 to 31 May 2016. Over the same period exports have declined by 21.3% to 4.3Mt. A year earlier the figure was 5.5Mt. Exports to Afghanistan more than halved from 206,000t in May 2016 to 97,000t in May 2017. Exports to India also declined, from 135,000t in May 2016 to 114,000t in May 2017.

Industry experts have appealed to the government to take steps to boost housing, as the sector is currently dependent on infrastructure projects. They said that sustained growth in housing construction is essential to absorb the additional capacities that will come online in the next two years.

US: The Holcim US Ada plant in Oklahoma, a member of LafargeHolcim, has seen the completion of its three-year, US$100m new kiln and modernisation project. The project has boosted the plant’s capacity by 20%, raising its clinker capacity to 0.68Mt/yr from 0.62Mt/yr. The upgrades allow the plant to conform to the US National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) regulations.

Mike Langan, Ada plant manager, said, "NESHAP is one performance standard that's fairly restrictive. New Source Performance Standards are the most restrictive environmental regulations in our industry and this plant meets that. So it is much cleaner environmentally (than before)."
The upgrades made it possible for the plant to increase its use of fuel derived from scrap tires, replacing at least 20% of the fossil fuel used in the new kiln line. That change will make the operation cleaner and more efficient, supporting LafargeHolcim's sustainable-development goals.

Ireland: The Times has reported that financier Dermot Desmond is believed to have taken a stake in Ecocem Materials, the fast-growing low-carbon cement maker founded by Irishman Donal O'Riain and backed by French construction materials giant Saint-Gobain. It is understood that IIU, Desmond's private equity company, moved in recent weeks to acquire as much as 11% of the company.

Founded in 2003, Ecocem manufactures cement from granulated blast-furnace slag, a byproduct of steel production. The company had sales of Euro63m in 2015, according to its most recent accounts.