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The news that China is considering more stringent NOx emission regulations for cement plants is encouraging – and not just for the environment. Other cement industries, such as those in western Europe, have been subject to the most stringent environmental regulations on the planet for many decades now. Elsewhere, the US cement industry is currently locked in battle with the Environmental Protection Agency over stringent new emissions targets. Now it looks like China, with a cement capacity of ~2000Mt/yr and the highest share of CO2 emissions in the world, might be accelerating its progress down the 'green' route.

The new Chinese NOx regulations could reportedly see a third wiped off the cement industry's massive net profits by 2015 and cause 'huge pressure' for the industry according to the Chinese Vice Minister of Environment Protection. With most industries in China currently operating outside meaningful environmental limits, the move towards lower emissions in China is likely to be unpleasantly costly. Indeed China has already said that it is committed to closing the least efficient 33% of its cement capacity by 2015.

If new regulations go ahead and are effectively enforced, they will prompt Chinese producers to act locally while they close or improve their plants, diverting attention away from exports and expansion overseas. In the short to medium term, this will dampen the competitiveness of the Chinese industry and allow neighbouring countries some respite against Chinese exports. The move to clean up China's cement industry (and industries in general) will also require environmental know-how, something that established European and US-based companies are well placed to provide.

Another notable story this week comes from the US, where a concrete producer has recently been given the go-ahead to set up a captive cement plant. Ozinga Bros. Inc. says that if and when concrete demand returns to the US, it wants to be able to secure its own cement supplies. In the last boom it had to import cement from the Far East to fulfil its contracts, with crippling transport costs. Company owner Martin Ozinga IV described the plans as 'a survival move' – perhaps going against the grain is the only way for the company to survive.

Romania: The Romanian unit of Lafarge has appointed Sonia Artinian as its new country CEO. She is in charge of the French group's cement, aggregates and concrete business in Romania. Artinian replaces Philippe Questiaux, who had managed Lafarge's cement activity in Romania since 2002.

Russia: Vladimir Petrov has been appointed as General Director of Pikalevskiy Cement, a part of Russia's Eurocement Group.

Ukraine: The Balakleya-based Eurocement-Ukraine company dismissed its director general Demis Halchev on 31 January 2011 after a tenure of around three years in the post. According to a report, the position is now vacant.

China: China's environment ministry is planning to launch stricter rules regarding nitrogen oxide emissions from cement plants, according to local press. An industry expert said that the policy change could wipe out a third of the industry's total net profits.

The report illustrates the challenges faced by the government to balance pressures for strong economic growth with public demands to lessen pollutants caused by industries that currently operate with few environmental restrictions. China had previously said that it planned to cut the cement industry's overall nitrogen oxide emissions, a key cause of acid rain and photochemical smog, by 10% by 2015.

Chinese Vice Minister of Environment Protection, Zhang Lijun, during a visit to the Anhui Conch Cement Company in January 2012, told accompanying officials and executives that the ministry plans to introduce stricter rules.

Kong Xiangzhong, the president of China's cement industry association, said that the ministry is considering tightening nitrogen oxide emission standards to 400mg/m³ from the current 800mg/m³. "It will translate into huge pressure for the cement industry," Kong was quoted as saying.

China's cement industry, polluting but profitable, has thrived during China's infrastructure spending spree. Anhui Conch, for instance, announced that its 2011 net profit is expected to be at least 80% higher than in 2010. China is the world's largest cement producer, with some 3000 plants producing 2Bt/yr. Beijing announced earlier that it wants to shut at least a third of the country's least efficient cement plants by 2015.

US: Ozinga Bros. Inc., a concrete producer, has been given the go-ahead to build a new US$250m cement plant in Chicago, Illinois. The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency issued a permit for the project in December 2011. A comment period has now passed with no known objections. Ozinga has 27 concrete plants in the Chicago area.

It is forecast that the new plant would provide around 300 construction jobs until it is completed in 2015. It would then be commissioned to a capacity of 1Mt/yr. The company has lined up a 50-acre site near Lake Calumet for the project, which was formerly a Cargill grain facility. Development officials are enthusiastically welcoming Ozinga's proposal as Chicago has suffered a massive loss of manufacturing over recent decades. No new industrial plant has been built within the city limits since the 1980s.

The proposal by a concrete producer to set up a new cement plant, which was first mooted in summer 2011, is surprising given the current financial and environmental regulatory climate. Ozinga says that it wants to be able to ensure a reliable supply of cement for its concrete, despite an estimated 60% drop in its revenue since 2007.

Ozinga is looking to keep pace with vertical integration by other concrete and cement producers, which it sees as a potential threat to its own cement supply. Commonly cement producers are looking to buy-up smaller concrete producers in order to increase efficiencies and their bottom lines. This move would see an unusual reversal of these roles. In previous economic booms, Ozinga has seen its cement supply dry up due to competition with larger producers. On occasion it has been forced to source cement from as far afield as Thailand and South Korea, increasing its transport costs to unsustainable levels. It fears that it may be left with the same problem again when demand for concrete returns in the US.

However, despite the enthusiasm from many quarters within Chicago, the Ozinga plant is far from a done deal. Expected to employ about 80 full-time employees, it could yet be subjected to an incentive-spiked bidding war between the job-hungry states of Illinois and Indiana. Ozinga executives have met with Govenor Mitch Daniels and other officials in Indiana, where Ozinga already has seven ready-mix plants, but neither state has yet offered project-specific incentives.

"We're happy to work with the group and show them the advantages Indiana has to offer," said Jim Staton, regional director in Crown Point at the Indiana Economic Development Corp. "We do that with every company." Ted Stalnos, president of the Calumet Area Industrial Commission, which has backed the project, said, "We would be very disappointed if Ozinga suddenly decided to go in that direction."

"This is like a survival move for us," said Martin Ozinga IV, the fourth generation at the 84-year-old firm. "If the economy comes back at some time, the country is going to be short (of cement) again." Ozinga added that he did not expect financing the project to be a problem, with banks already interested in the plan.

France: Ciments Français, part of the Italcementi Group, has announced its consolidated revenues and sales results for the year ending 31 December 2011. These show that, in a difficult economic environment, group sales decreased marginally in its cement sector. Cement and clinker sales were down by 1.4% year-on-year to 42.4Mt in 2011 but sales increased in France, North America, India and Morocco.

In western Europe the company sold 9.9Mt of cement and clinker, an increase of 1.3% year-on-year. In North America it sold 4.2Mt, a 5.1% improvement on 2010. In 'emerging' Europe, north Africa and the Middle East it sold 16.1Mt of cement and clinker, 5.4% less than in 2010. In Asia the company sold 11.1Mt, up by 0.3% compared to 2010.

In the fourth quarter of 2011 Ciments Français' sales were down by 1.7% year-on-year at 10.2Mt. The group sold 2.2Mt of cement and clinker in western Europe (+0.7% year-on-year), 1.1Mt in North America (+7.4%), 4.0Mt in emerging Europe, north Africa and the Middle East (-3.0%) and 2.6Mt in Asia (-5.0%) during the final quarter. Sales in Thailand took a large hit due to the severe flooding there in late 2011.

The group's total consolidated revenues for 2011 across all of its business units came in at Euro3.89bn, which it attributed to reduced volumes and currency fluctuation effects in some countries, notably Egypt, North America and India. Revenues improved in France, Belgium and Thailand.

Its cement segment took in Euro2.59bn, a drop of nearly 8% compared to 2010. Sales were highest in western Europe (Euro1.27bn), followed by emerging Europe, north Africa and the Middle East (Euro1.03bn), Asia (Euro499.5m) and North America (Euro405.1m).

Germany: The Dyckerhoff Group has announced preliminary key figures for 2011, which show a 13% improvement in sales compared to 2010. Sales hit Euro1.6bn in 2011, up from Euro1.41bn in 2010. Breaking down its sales performance geographically, the group took Euro829m in Germany and western Europe (+14% year-on-year), Euro598m in eastern Europe (+21%) and Euro175m in the United States (-9%).

The company reported that sales volumes increased in all countries, except cement in the USA and sand and gravel in the Netherlands. Cement prices exceeded those of 2010 in Poland, Ukraine and Russia, falling in each of the other countries in which the group operates. The proportion of sales generated outside of Germany fell by 1%.

Looking forward to its full 2011 results, Dyckerhoff's management board expects a slight improvement in performance for 2011 compared to 2010. For the 2012 fiscal year, the company expects its sales and results to remain stable compared to 2011.

UK: A report by Markit/CIPS has shown that the UK construction industry as a whole experienced a slow down in January 2012. Jason Heath, a construction specialist at Bibby Financial Services said, "The latest Markit/CIPS survey highlighted that the construction sector slowed down in January 2012. Although the numbers indicate a fall in productivity, the survey also revealed that construction managers and owners are feeling optimistic for the first time in eight months."

"This optimism is perhaps down to construction firms having a particularly successful December 2011, potentially due to milder weather conditions and infrastructure projects commencing, which surprised economists who had predicted a decline towards the end of 2011," he continued. "In order to retain this positive outlook, the government needs to make funding the construction industry a priority by making it more accessible to firms so this sector can continue to provide a vital contribution to the UK economy," concluded Heath.

Saudi Arabia: More than 70 people are to be investigated in connection with the current cement crisis in Jeddah, which has seen cement become expensive and scarce since the start of 2012. Trucks owned by the accused were captured while selling cement at inflated black market prices in various parts of the city.

A special committee, formed by Jeddah Govenor Prince Mishaal bin Majed, raided about 15 warehouses where cement was being sold by foreign dealers. It is claimed that the dealers had signed agreements with contractors that were executing a number of government projects to sell them cement at high prices. "This has created an acute shortage in the quantities of cement available in the market," he added.

Prior to the commencement of the investigation, local press had reported angry crowds at points of sale and said that security forces had to intervene in some instances. Market sources believe the crisis was created by the inability of the factories to work at full capacity because they were not given enough fuel.

Abdullah Al-Ammar, a contractor, did not see any justification for the shortage. "This is an artificial crisis created by some traders who want to monopolise the cement market and stack it away in their stores, only selling it when the price goes up," he said. Al-Ammar asked the Commerce Ministry to impose harsher punitive measures against traders who were caught selling cement on the black market or hiding it. He hoped that the problem would be alleviated when two new cement factories are commissioned later in 2012.

France: Lafarge has begun a consultation procedure regarding the proposed reorganisation of its corporate functions and shared resources in France. This follows from its 21 November 2011 announcement that it was planning a restructuring along geographical lines rather than its product types. Lafarge has now said that the proposed changes would result in 460 job losses, 90 of which would be in France. It said that voluntary redundancy plans would help it to avoid compulsory job losses.

Lafarge has said that the reorganisation will be structured around an Executive Committee consisting of a 'Performance' function, chiefly responsible for the technical centers and engineering, IT systems and the leadership of commercial and industrial performance; an 'Innovation' function, chiefly responsible for research and development, marketing and transformation; three Executive Vice Presidents, whose mission will be supervising 42 operating entities and support functions.

The group says that the shift in its centre of gravity towards countries would lead to a decentralisation ofcorporate functions. As a result, the outline of the new organisation that is being announced today entails a reduction in staff numbers. Lafarge says that the new group organisation will enable it to be more focused on the needs of its markets and its customers and will enable it to accelerate the development of the group through organic growth and innovation.

Mexico: Cemex has reported rises in its net sales for both the fourth quarter of 2011 and the full year. Geographically this increase for the fourth quarter was due to higher volume and prices in local-currency terms in the United States, northern Europe and Latin America regions. Sales were flat in Mexico, the Mediterranean region and Asia.

For the group as a whole consolidated net sales increased by 6% during the fourth quarter of 2011 to approximately US$3.7bn and increased by 8% for the full year to US$15.1bn versus the comparable periods in 2010. Operating earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) increased by 13% during the fourth quarter of 2011 to US$542m and increased by 1% for the full year to US$2.3bn versus 2010. The infrastructure and residential sectors were the main drivers of demand in most of its markets.

Fernando A Gonzalez, Executive Vice President of Finance and Administration, said, "This is the fifth consecutive quarter of top-line growth in our results. We are particularly pleased with the quarterly performance of our operations in northern Europe; the South, Central America and Caribbean region; and the United States. Regarding our full-year results, we saw net sales and operating EBITDA growing for the first time in four years."

Net sales in the company's operations in Mexico decreased 9% in the fourth quarter of 2011 to US$818m, compared with US$902m in the fourth quarter of 2010. Operating EBITDA increased by 7% to US$307m versus the same period of 2010.

Cemex's operations in the United States reported net sales of US$682m in the fourth quarter of 2011, up by 19% from the same period in 2010. In northern Europe, net sales increased by 16% to US$1.1bn, compared with US$950m in the fourth quarter of 2010. In the Mediterranean region sales were US$385m, 14% lower versus those in the comparable period of 2010. South, Central America and the Caribbean reported net sales were US$447m during the fourth quarter of 2011, representing an increase of 22% over the same period of 2010.

In Asia net sales were flat reaching US$124m.