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It’s been a good week for carbon capture in cement production with new projects announced in France and Poland.

The first one is a carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) collaboration between Vicat and Hynamics, a subsidiary of energy-provider Groupe EDF. The Hynovi project will see an integrated unit for capturing CO₂ and producing methanol installed at Vicat’s Montalieu-Vercieu cement plant in 2025. It aims to capture 40% of the CO₂ from the kiln exhaust stack at the plant by using an oxy-fuel method and installing a 330MW electrolyser to split water into oxygen and hydrogen for different parts of the process. The CO₂ will then be combined with hydrogen to produce methanol with potential markets in transport, chemicals and construction. The setup is planning to manufacture over 0.2Mt/yr of methanol or about a quarter of France’s national requirement. The project was put forward under a call for proposals by the Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEI) program. Pre-notification of its participation in the program has been received from the French government and it is currently being evaluated by the European Commission. Vicat’s decision to choose its Montalieu-Vercieu plant for this project is also interesting since it started using a CO₂ntainer system supplied by UK-based Carbon8 Systems there on an industrial scale in November 2020. This system uses captured CO₂ from the plant’s flue gas emissions to carbonate cement-plant dust and produce aggregate.

The second new project is a pilot carbon capture and storage (CCS) pilot by HeidelbergCement at its Górażdże cement plant in Poland. This project is part of the wider Project ACCSESS, a consortium led by Sintef Energi in Norway that aims to cut carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) costs and to link CO₂-emitters from mainland Europe to storage fields in the North Sea. The cement plant part in Poland will test an enzyme-based capture method using waste heat at the plant. Another part of the project will look at how the captured CO₂ can then be transported to the Northern Lights storage facility in Norway including the regulatory aspects of cross-border CO₂ transport. ACCSESS started in May 2021 and is scheduled to end in April 2025. It has a budget of around Euro18m with Euro15m contributed by the European Union (EU) Horizon 2020 fund.

HeidelbergCement also says that the second stage of its LEILAC (Low Emissions Intensity Lime And Cement) project at the Hannover cement plant is part of ACCSESS, with both testing of the larger-scale Calix technology to capture CO₂ and the connected transport logistics and bureaucracy to actually get it to below the North Sea. That last point about Calix is timely given that US-based Carbon Direct purchased a 7% stake in Calix in mid-September 2021 for around US$18m. Whilst on the topic of carbon capture and HeidelbergCement don’t forget that the group’s first full-scale carbon capture unit at Norcem’s Brevik cement plant, using Aker Solution’s amine solvent capture technology, is scheduled for commissioning in September 2024. Another carbon capture unit is planned for Cementa’s Slite plant in 2030 but the proposed capture method has not been announced.

Other recent developments in carbon capture at cement plants include Aalborg Portland Cement’s plan to capture and store CO₂ as part of the Project Greensand consortium. The overall plan here is to explore the technical and commercial feasibility of sequestering CO₂ in depleted oil and gas reservoirs in the Danish North Sea, starting with the Nini West Field. The project is still securing funding though, with an Energy Technology Development and Demonstration Program application to the Danish government pending. However, the Danish Parliament decided in December 2021 to set aside a special funding pool to support a CO₂ storage pilot project so this initiative seems to be making progress. If the application is successful, the consortium wants to start work by the end 2021 and then proceed with an offshore injection pilot from late 2022. How and when Aalborg Portland Cement fits in is mostly unknown but a 0.45Mt/yr capture unit at its Rørdal cement plant is tentatively planned for 2027. There’s also no information on the capture method although Aker Carbon Capture is also part of the Project Greensand consortium. Finally, also in September 2021, Chart Industries subsidiary Sustainable Energy Solutions announced that it had selected FLSmidth to help adapt and commercialise its Cryogenic Carbon Capture carbon capture and storage (CCS) system for the global cement industry.

All of this tells the cynics in the audience that a large international climate change meeting is coming up very soon. Most cement companies will likely want some good news to show off when the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) dominates the media agenda in November 2021. Other observations to point out include that none of the projects above are full-scale industrial carbon capture installations, most of them are consortiums of one sort of another and that they are all subsidised or want to be. While hydrogen and CO₂ networks get built this seems inevitable. Yet, we’re not at the stage where cement companies just order carbon capture units from a supplier, like they might a new clinker cooler or silo, without the need for long lists of partners. When this changes then carbon capture looks set to flourish.

On a final note, the UK is currently experiencing a shortage of commercially-used CO₂. The reasons for this have nothing to do with the cement industry. Yet consider the constant doom-and-gloom about record global CO₂ emissions and the sheer amount of effort going into reducing this by the projects mentioned above and others. Life has a sense of humour at times.

For a view on the CO₂ sequestration permitting process in the US look out for the an article by Ralph E Davis Associates, in the forthcoming October 2021 issue of Global Cement Magazine

China: Anhui Conch has appointed Li Qunfeng as its general manager. He succeeds Wu Bin who has resigned from the post but who intends to remain working as the company’s executive director. Li Qunfeng is a trained engineer who has worked for the company since 1994. Notably, he first worked for subsidiary Anhui Tongling Conch Cement in a number of production roles before attaining more senior postings within the group.

Nigeria: Dangote Cement has appointed Philip Mathew as its deputy group managing director and chief executive officer with effect from 15 September 2021.

Following his training at the Indian Institute of Technology in Madras, Matthew has worked for cement companies since the mid-1980s when he started out as a process engineer for ACC. He later worked for Lafarge in a number of roles and countries, eventually becoming its Director - Performance and Progress for Asia based in Kuala Lumpur in the early 2010s. He held the post of Chief Manufacturing Officer for ACC in India from 2016 to 2019 before becoming LafargeHolcim’s Head of Cement Excellence Manufacturing for the Asia-Pacific region subsequently.

Poland: Lafarge Poland has laid the foundation stone for the Euro100m new kiln line at its Małogoszcz cement plant. The replacement of the three existing kilns and installation of an alternative fuel (AF) line aims to reduce the plant’s CO₂ emissions by 20% and its energy consumption by 33%. The company, a subsidiary of Switzerland-based Holcim, aims to make the cement plant into one of the European Union’s most modern. China National Building Material (CNBM) subsidiary Nanjing Kisen International Engineering will carry out the work, which is scheduled for completion in early 2023.

Project director Krzysztof Byczyński said “One of the three kilns has already been demolished and in its place a new kiln will be built with the necessary installations. Preparatory works for the construction of a new kiln are currently underway.”

Nigeria: Finland-based Wärtsilä has secured a contract to supply a 70MW dual-fuel power plant for the upcoming 3Mt/yr Line 4 of its Sokoto cement plant. The power plant is scheduled for commissioning alongside the line before 2023. BUA Cement previously ordered a dual fuel plant for the Sokoto cement plant’s Line 3, which is also scheduled for commissioning alongside that line, in November 2021.

Chair Abdul Samad Rabiu said “BUA Cement is happy and pleased with the progress that Wartsila made with the construction of the power plant we initially purchased for our BUA Cement Sokoto Line 3. We believe Wärtsilä will bring the same level of efficiency, technical expertise and professionalism to bear in ensuring that this new power plant for the 3Mt/yr BUA Cement Sokoto Line 4 will be completed on schedule by the end of 2022 as we look towards bringing BUA’s total capacity in its Sokoto plant to 8Mt/yr by early 2023 and across all its plants to 17Mt/yr by the same time.”

Togo: Germany-based Intercem Engineering says that CimMetal Group’s upcoming 2.5Mt/yr Lomé grinding plant is on track for commissioning ‘at short notice’ in late 2021. The supplier has delivered a 1000tph truck unloading station, a 25,000tph storage facility for additives, a 1000tph truck loading station, two 50,000t clinker silos, four Rotopackers, eight truck loading stations, ten truck scales and laboratory equipment, alongside steel construction, sheet metal fabrication, subsystems, electrical equipment and complete engineering services.It is also supervising the erection and commissioning of the plant. It said that all material conveyor belts are mounted in a closed gallery to ensure dust-free transport. The belt system is also designed for fully automatic ship unloading.

The plant is the third delivered for CimMetal Group by InterCem Engineering and partners InterCem Installation and Switzerland-based InterCem Cement, after one in Burkino Faso and one in Ivory Coast.

Italy: The Italian cement association Federbeton has launched its comprehensive plan for cement industry decarbonisation in line with the EU’s European Green Deal target of a 55% reduction in CO₂ emissions between 1990 and 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2050. The strategy entails Euro4.2bn of total new investments andEuro1.4m/yr of extra operating costs across the industry. This will cover the adoption of transition technologies and the large-scale application of carbon capture and storage (CCS). The association says that while some such actions, such as alternative fuel (AF) substitution,are immediately available, others require further development. The sector’s primary fuel is petcoke, mainly imported from the Gulf of Mexico. As such, Federbeton has identified the 100% replacement of all fossil fuels with ‘low-carbon impact’ alternatives as a means of reducing the industry’s carbon footprint by 12% achievable in the short term. Renewable green hydrogen use can cut a further 3% of CO₂ emissions, an energy transition to renewable sources can cut 5%, clinker factor reduction can cut 10%, alternative raw materials in clinker can cut 6%, CCS can cut 43%, supply chain and logistics changes can cut 16% and the optimisation of construction can cut the remaining 5%.

President Roberto Callieri said “The cement and concrete supply chain wants to be one of the protagonists of the ecological transition.” He added “Only with adequate and immediate support tools will it be possible to prevent the impoverishment of the industrial fabric, preserve the competitiveness of the supply chain and prevent relocation. Last but not least, a new environmental culture must be shared, based on dialogue and no longer on the preconceived opposition to any choice of industry.”

Italy: Colacem plans to stop grinding cement at its Maddaloni Plant in Campania from the start of October 2021. The unit will be converted into a sales and logistics site, according to the Il Mattino newspaper. The cement producer purchased the Maddaloni plant from Italcementi in mid-2018 as part of the measures required by the Italian Competition Authority when Italcementi acquired Cementir. The kiln at the plant was later shut down in early 2019.

UK: Hanson has delivered 171,000t of cement to the site of the upcoming Hinkley Point C nuclear power plant in Somerset. It has also delivered 1Mm³ of ready-mix concrete via the customer’s on-site batching plants, 5Mt of aggregates and 443,000t of sand. Its Port Talbot site in Neath Port Talbot has supplied 230,000t of Regen ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) for use in concrete production, reducing the product’s carbon footprint by a total of 200,000t compared with concrete produced using ordinary Portland cement (OPC) only.

Iraq: The Cement Producers Association in Iraq (CPAI) has complained about a government decision to reduce subsidises on fuel for the industry. It has warned that the cut could risk plants closing and cement prices rising, according to the Agence France Presse. The Ministry of Oil raised the price of fuel sold to cement manufactures to US$0.17/l in September 2021 from US$0.10/l litre previously. This followed a rise earlier in 2021. CPAI has warned of ‘enormous losses’ in the sector and has lobbied the government to reverse the decision. It added that producers would have to decide whether to stop production and lay off workers or raises cement prices by at least US$10/t. The subsidised fuel price for cement manufacturers was originally approved in exchange for an agreement to cap the price of cement.