Displaying items by tag: India

India: Grasim Industries' full-year consolidated sales were US$12.3bn in the 2022 financial year, up by 25% year-on-year from US$9.85bn. Its net profit rose by 60% to US$1.44bn from US$901m.

India: Cement producers and analysts say that a government cut to fuel duty may reduce the price of cement. The reduction may be minimal but it will stand out amongst inflation on other input costs for cement production, according to sources quoted by the Business Standard newspaper. Shree Cement hopes to pass on any reduction in costs from transportation to consumers but UltraTech Cement and JSW Cement are yet to announce a price cut. Most cement producers raised their prices by 8% month-on-month in April 2022 with a similar increase expected in May 2022.

India: Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) says that it will inaugurate the 82km Punjab section of the upcoming Eastern Freight Corridor railway before the end of 2022. The line will form part of the 175km Punjab - Uttar Pradesh section and connect Western Indian cement plants and other industries by high-speed link with Central markets. Workers will divert the existing railway between Mandi Gobindgarh and Sirhind to make way for the line.

DFCCIL previously inaugurated the corridor's central Bhaupur - Khurja section in Uttar Pradesh in January 2021.

India: Ramco Cements’ earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) in the 2022 financial year were US$169m, down by 17% year-on-year from US$204m in the 2021 financial year. The producer’s profit after tax also rose by 17%, to US$115m from US$98m.

The Hindu Business Line newspaper has reported that the company attributed its full-year earnings decline to increased fuel costs and reduced cement prices. In the fourth quarter of the 2022 financial year, power and fuel costs rose by 88% year-on-year to US$60.1m from US$31.9m.

India: Shree Cement recorded standalone sales of US$1.84bn in its 2022 financial year, corresponding to a rise of 13% year-on-year from US$1.63bn in the 2021 financial year. Profit after tax for the year was US$306m, up by 2.8% from 298m.

In the fourth quarter of the 2022 financial year, Shree Cement’s energy costs rose by 10% year-on-year and equalled 26% of its sales, while transport costs fell by 1.1% to 23% of sales. Raw materials costs equalled 6.6% of the quarter’s sales.

India: Nuvoco Vistas recorded full-year consolidated sales of US$1.2bn in its 2022 financial year, up by 24% year-on-year. The group’s earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) remained level year-on-year at US$198m. Its profit after tax also remained level at US$4.12m.

The Pioneer newspaper has reported that Nuvoco Vistas’ Chittor cement plant achieved an alternative fuel (AF) substitution capacity of 23% during the 2022 financial year. The group says that it remains focused on increasing its proportion of blended cement products, in addition to AF and waste heat recovery (WHR) projects.

India: The board of JK Cement has recommended a proposal for the company to seek to raise US$64.4m via non-convertible debentures (NCDs). Under the proposal, the cement producer would issue the NCDs on a private placement basis in one or more tranches.

India: JK Lakshmi Cement’s full-year consolidated sales were US$697m in its 2022 financial year, up by 14.6% year-on-year from US$608m in the 2021 financial year. The group’s net profit was US$61.5m, up by 13.4% from US$54.2m.

The producer said "Despite unabated increases in petcoke and diesel prices, which are hovering at all-time high, JK Lakshmi Cement was able to achieve healthy profitability through continuous improvements in operational efficiencies, energy costs, better product mixes and higher volumes."

India: Dalmia Bharat Foundation has signed a memorandum of understanding with Bokaro Steel Plant for the training of 600 new young people from Bokaro every year. Under the initiative, the partners will run short, placement-based courses at the DIKSHa (Dalmia Institute of Knowledge and Skill Harnessing) centre.

Dalmia Bharat Foundation CEO and Dalmia Bharat group head - corporate social responsibility Vishal Bhardwaj said “Since our inception in 2009, we’ve witnessed our role gradually transform from being a resource provider to a key enabler for positive change in society. While we’ve created a legacy of development and change for the better, we continue to strive to ensure that we meet newer economic and environmental needs and close wider societal gaps as much as possible.”

Holcim agreed to sell its Indian assets to Adani Group this week for US$6.37bn. These include Holcim’s stakes in its local subsidiaries Ambuja Cement and ACC. The deal, if approved by the local competition body, should complete in the second half of 2022. This is one of the larger sales of cement company assets over the last decade. Adani Group, an Indian-based conglomerate with businesses across energy, transport and more, is now poised to become the second largest cement producer in India.

Global Cement Weekly previously covered a potential sale of Ambuja Cement and ACC in April 2022 when the story that Holcim was looking for a buyer first emerged in the Indian press. At the time local press speculated that the sale could generate as much as US$15bn for Holcim. So it is interesting to see that a figure of US$6.37bn has been agreed upon instead, less than half of the speculative figure. Roughly, as ever, this places a value of a little below US$100/t of cement production capacity. This seems like a relatively low pricing for these plants by international standards over the last decade. However, this doesn’t take into account many factors such as, for example, the condition of the plants, Holcim’s desire to change its business, the ease of selling up in India all in one go, other non-cement assets and so on. For Adani Group though, buying into heavy building materials production in a large market like India clearly seemed attractive. It is also worth noting that, similar to other cement sector acquisitions recently, here again is a buyer with a background in another carbon-heavy industry buying into another heavy emitter.

Table 1: Selected large scale acquisitions of controlling shares in non-Chinese cement production assets since 2012. Source: Global Cement news and company releases. Italcementi acquisition value reported by Reuters.

Table 1 above provides some historical context to Adani Group’s agreed acquisition by comparing it to other large completed deals in the cement sector over the last decade. Don’t forget that it is only looking at this from the cement sector. This list excludes changes in ownership in the Chinese cement companies in this period because, generally, there has been a government-driven consolidation in the industry through mergers rather than large-scale acquisitions. So, for example, the world’s current biggest cement producer CNBM had a reported production capacity of 350Mt/yr in 2012 and this rose to 514Mt/yr in 2020 as it absorbed other state-owned companies. The big merger it underwent during this time was with China National Materials (Sinoma) in 2018, primarily an engineering company that also produced cement.

The most obvious trend in Table 1 is the journey of Lafarge and Holcim from their merger in 2015 and the gradual realignment of the business subsequently. During this time the company has sold up in large markets outside of its core regions in Europe and North America. Latterly, it has also started to diversify away from heavy into lightweight building materials. One notable ‘nearly happened’ was LafargeHolcim’s attempt to sell its business in the Philippines to San Miguel Corporation for US$2.15bn in 2019. That deal collapsed when the Philippines Competition Authority failed to approve it within a year of its proposal. CRH enlarged itself from assets sold during the creation of LafargeHolcim and then picked up Ash Grove in the US in 2018. CRH’s head Albert Manifold memorably said in 2018 that his company was focusing on markets in developed countries and CRH’s large-scale acquisitions have largely followed this.

As for the others, HeidelbergCement’s purchase of Italcementi in 2016 almost appeared as a riposte to the formation of LafargeHolcim, albeit on a slightly smaller scale. It confirmed HeidelbergCement’s place as the world’s second largest non-Chinese cement producer. It is also one of the minority of truly multinational acquisitions on this list. Unlike LafargeHolcim and now Holcim though, HeidelbergCement hasn’t exhibited a desire to downsize or diversify at quite the same speed. UltraTech Cement’s acquisition of Jaiprakash Associates in 2017 confirmed its place as the largest Indian producer. That deal was publicly one of the longer lasting one as it originally started out in at least 2014 on a smaller scale and was later slowed down by the Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) (MMDR) Amendment Act. Smikon’s purchase of Eurocement in 2021 almost looks like part of the isolation of the Russian economy, especially with the benefit of hindsight given by the invasion of the Ukraine in early 2022.

Mega-deals have lots of moving parts but two of the most tangible to broader audiences are the price and the timing. Cemex infamously got both of these wrong with its acquisition of Rinker in 2007 as it paid high just as the US subprime mortgage crisis started a wider global financial one. This was despite Cemex’s emergence over the previous 15 years as a multinational force to be reckoned with due in part to the so-called ‘Cemex Way’ approach to management, acquisitions and integration. Clear winners from the big acquisitions over the last decade are harder to spot but CRH and UltraTech Cement look strong so far. Adani Group has certainly picked a lively time to make a purchase on this scale following a global pandemic with ongoing global supply chain issues and disruptions to energy and food markets.