Displaying items by tag: Lafarge
Holcim and Lafarge negotiate merger conditions with Cade
20 November 2014Brazil: Holcim and Lafarge are actively negotiating an agreement with Brazil's anti-trust council, Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (Cade), to gain approval for their merger.
The deal involves divestitures of 31% or 3.6Mt/yr of Lafarge and Holcim's joint cement production capacity in Brazil. The assets could be sold to single company or several bidders. Holcim is still bound to pay Cade a US$197m fine that was imposed due to cartel practices. Lafarge paid US$16.7m to Cade in 2007 to end the investigation into its practices.
Holcim expects to pick buyers for assets in January 2015
18 November 2014Switzerland: Holcim has said that it expects to have selected buyers for the assets that it must divest to push through its merger with Lafarge by the end of January 2015. Holcim's CFO Thomas Aebischer said that the company had received more than 60 non-binding bids by 20 October 2014.
HAVER & BOECKER wins Lafarge Global Supplier Award 2014
18 November 2014France: Lafarge has held its first global supplier competition, which had a total of seven categories, in a ceremony at its headquarters in Paris. With its ADAMS® technology for filling powder-type products into watertight PE bags, HAVER & BOECKER was able to win in the category of 'sustainability.' The jury's reasoning was that the technology showed 'an ability to operate in a sustainable manner, including the deployment of appropriate corrective actions.'
"Suppliers play an important role in our operations, delivering value year after year and pushing the boundaries in terms of innovation and cost competitiveness," said Thierry Metro, senior vice president of Energy and Strategic Sourcing at Lafarge. "The Global Supplier Awards represents a victory for our suppliers, for Lafarge and for our customers."
Voskresensk Cement uses Siemens environmental monitoring system
12 November 2014Russia: Lafarge's Voskresensk cement plant has set up a continuous environmental monitoring system analysing cement furnace emissions. Siemens has designed and delivered the equipment. The monitoring system controls standard parameters like the content of dust, nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide, oxygen, pressure, gas flow rate and organic content. Lafarge also has an environmental monitoring system installed at its Ferzikovo Cement Plant.
Lafarge’s Nigeria unit to take complete control of United Cement
11 November 2014Nigeria: Lafarge's Nigerian business has entered into an agreement with Flour Mills of Nigeria to purchase a 30% stake of Nigeria's United Cement Company. The deal will give Lafarge complete control of United Cement Company.
"Pursuant to the agreement, the first 15% stake would be acquired in the first quarter of 2015, while the second 15% stake is scheduled to be acquired by February 2016 at the latest," said Lafarge.
Dynamite, cement and financial reports
05 November 2014Lafarge's third quarter financial results have coincided with the alarming news that terrorists attacked one of its cement plants in Nigeria. Thankfully nobody was hurt at the Ashaka plant. The suspected Boko Haram insurgents reportedly came looking for French nationals but the plant had been mostly evacuated following an earlier more violent incident at a nearby town. Instead they stole explosives and trucks and fled.
The resonance here with Lafarge's global financial situation is that rebel action elsewhere in the world was noted as having an adverse effect on the cement producer's coffers for the third quarter of 2013. In Iraq cement volumes have reportedly fallen by 15% in the year-to-date and almost halved in the third quarter, hit by an inability to transport cement across the country since June 2014, when Islamic State fighters captured parts of northern Iraq.
Looking at the nine months so far in 2014, Lafarge's sales have fallen by varying amounts with the exception of one territory: Middle East and Africa. Here, bucking the trend, sales rose by 3% to Euro2.8bn. The area had been the group's single largest sales region so far in 2014. Of course countries such as a South Africa are much more stable, but most other countries in the territory have had recent terrorism campaigns where a European-backed cement plant might present itself as a target.
This is not good news for a corporate balance sheet relying on these same countries to keep the profits up. However, as Lafarge states in its outlook, 'emerging markets continue to be the main driver of demand and Lafarge will benefit from its well-balanced geographic spread of high quality assets.' Spreading its bets geographically should pay off.
Also in its outlook, Lafarge announced that it intends to pause its stand-alone divestments pending completion of the planned merger with Holcim. The move suggests that the company is prioritising the impending merger over debt reduction. With Lafarge's and Holcim's recent formal notification to the European Commission of their proposed merger to obtain regulatory approval, the last of its necessary notifications worldwide, the merger is getting closer. So far, the original expectation of closure in the first half of 2015 does not look unreasonable.
When former British prime minister Harold Macmillian was asked what causes governments trouble, his apocryphal reply was, "Events, dear boy, events." The same applies to building materials producers. There may be more 'events' before the merger completes.
Lafarge Africa appoints new board members
05 November 2014Nigeria: Lafarge Africa has notified the Nigerian Stock Exchange of the appointment of Adepeju Adebajo and Anders Kristiansson to the board of Lafarge Africa. Both staff members were formally appointed on 27 October 2014.
Adebajo is currently the MD of WAPCO operations. Prior to this, she served as the Chief Executive Officer and Managing Director at Mouka Limited. She was already the CEO of UTC Nigeria Plc, where she successfully turned the business around.
She previously headed strategic planning, brand management and product development at the United Bank for Africa and has had management consulting experience at Boston Consulting Group in the UK and financial analysis experience at Citibank in the UK.
Peju holds a Bachelor of Engineering (Chemical Engineering) from the Imperial College of Science & Technology, London; a Master of Engineering (Chemical Engineering) from the University of London; and a Master of Business Administration, Harvard University, Boston.
Anders Kristiansson is a Swedish citizen who started his career with Procter & Gamble (P&G) in Scandinavia and thereafter worked for P&G in South Africa. He has been a Global Divisional Controller for Eaton Automotive working in Europe and North America, whereafter he returned to Africa to oversee Celtel's finance departments across its African operations as Director of Financial Operations.
He moved to Nigeria in 2008 as Group CFO for PZ Cussons Nigeria, managing Finance and IT for PZ's five Nigerian companies. Prior to joining Lafarge, he was the CFO for NBC/Coca-Cola HBC's operations in Nigeria.
He holds a Master of Science Degree in Business Administration and Economics from the Gothenburg University, Sweden.
Boko Haram raid targets Lafarge cement plant in Nigeria
05 November 2014Nigeria: Suspected Boko Haram fighters have stolen dynamite and pick-up trucks from the Lafarge Ashaka Plant in Nigeria after robbing a bank. The attack in Ashaka, Gombe State on 4 November 2014 came after the Islamists robbed a bank, blew up a police station and set fire to a political party office 20km away in Nafada. Unlike previous attacks in recent months in the far northeast of the country, the militants did not attempt to hold the town.
"The factory was the target of the intruders. There were no injuries. There was no damage in the factory.... The situation is still calm and everything is back to normal," said Bruno Lafont, CEO of Lafarge. French diplomats in Nigeria said that none of its nationals were taken in the raid. Bruno Lafont said that operations had not been affected.
According to witnesses the gunmen stormed the site in the afternoon, looted explosives and demanded to be taken to where expatriate managers, French nationals, were staying. However the plant was mostly empty following the raid in Nafada, which left at least 10 dead.
The Lafarge Ashaka cement plant, set up in 1974, is the largest cement works in northern Nigeria and employs about 500 people, including an unspecified number of expatriates.
Lafarge profit falls by 28% to Euro218m in third quarter of 2014
05 November 2014France: Lafarge has reported that its net profit fell by 28% year-on-year to Euro218m in the third quarter of 2014 from Euro304m in the same period in 2013. The France-based building materials company blamed the drop on the war in Iraq and a sluggish construction market in France.
Overall sales revenue fell slightly to Euro3.64bn. Earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation fell by 4% to Euro887m from Euro920m. Cement sales volumes fell slightly to 31Mt.
"In a quarter marked by more moderate growth, we continued to progress on implementing our actions to reduce debt, cut costs and promote innovation... We shall meet our 2014 Euro600m cost-cutting and innovation target and confirm our 2015 Euro550m objective," said Lafarge's CEO, Bruno Lafont.
The company noted that volume trends eased in the third quarter with a more challenging comparable in Europe, mostly in France, where the construction sector remains subdued and in Iraq, the ability to transport cement across the country was limited. Meanwhile, in most emerging markets and in the United States, growth continued and the company benefited from the start-up of its new plants in India and Russia.
Looking ahead, Lafarge confirmed its estimate of market growth of between 2% to 5% in 2014 versus 2013. The company added that it has decided to pause its stand-alone divestments pending completion of the planned merger with Holcim.
Coal-zilla slain?
28 October 2014The 'revelation' this week that South Korean cement producers have been paid US$127m to use/dispose of Japanese coal that is thought to be radioactive certainly sounds scary. If it is true that cement made with contaminated coal has led to the construction of radioactive buildings and roads, this may have prised open a 'can of worms' for coal producers, exporters and cement players alike. According to local media, four South Korean firms - Ssangyong Cement, Tongyang Cement, Lafarge Halla Cement and Hanil Cement - received the money to use the coal between March 2011, when the Fukashima nuclear power plant started to leak radiation, until 2013. A total of 3.7Mt of cement is 'under suspicion.'
Caesium-137 is formed by fission reactions that start with uranium-235 in nuclear reactors. The Fukushima reactor that started leaking in 2011 used this type of fuel. Once it leaked, caesium-137 was deposited into the sea and onto the land, presumably also making its way into nearby coal deposits.
As it is a metal with a melting point of just 28.5°C and a boiling point of 671°C, the caesium-137 would vaporise if it were to enter a cement production line operating at 1450°C as a metal. However, caesium will not enter the cement-making process as a metal due to its rapid and explosive reaction with water. An interesting slow-motion of this reaction can be seen here.
Instead, caesium will enter the cement-making process either as its oxide or a simple salt (e.g.: caesium chloride) in the coal. The salt will be ionized in the heat of the flame, sending caesium ions into the kiln and thus direct contact with the clinker as it is being formed. Here it will become part of the matrix of the clinker and hence the final cement product. All the time the caesium-137 is radioactive.
And it stays radioactive once it is in the finished product, for example in a building or road surface. Its half-life, the time that it takes for half of the caesium-137 to decay to meta-stable barium-137 (emitting radiation as it decays), is unfortunately very well matched to the life-span of concrete buildings at 30.7 years. This means that after about 100 years of building life the building would still be around 10% as radioactive as it was when it was built.
This would certainly be a problem if the coal was highly contaminated. However, a few questions come to mind. Firstly, if the coal contains 20-73 becquerels per kilogramme (Bq/kg) of caesium-137, as has been claimed by Lee In-young, an opposition spokesman for the New Politics Alliance for Democracy party and member of the National Assembly's Environment Labour Committee, why is this a problem when the Japanese legal limit for eating caesium-137 in contaminated vegetables is all the way up at 500Bq/kg? When the most dangerous mechanisms of caesium-137 poisoning relate to accumulation in soft tissue, how can driving along a caesium-137-containing highway constitute a health risk?
Also, the coal may well start the cement making process with 25-73Bq/kg of caesium-137 but the clinker will have a lower level. This is because for every 1t of clinker the plant will typically consume just 100-200kg of coal. The caseium-137 and hence the radiation will therefore be spread out over a larger mass. A level of 50Bq/kg in the coal would translate to a clinker level of 5-10Bq/kg. This is around 100 times lower than the Japanese vegetable limit. After this, the clinker is extended with additives to make cement. This is then added to aggregates and / or sand when concrete or mortars are made, further diluting the caesium-137, perhaps to as low as 1-5Bq/kg. It is arguable that South Korea has received a higher caesium-137 dose from Japan via air and sea than via coal imports.
In light of all this, it appears that those calling for investigations on scientific grounds, like Lee, may be misguided. However, there may be political gain. The histories of Japan and South Korea are long, violent and distrustful. Indeed, according to a BBC World Service poll conducted earlier in 2014, South Korea and China jointly have the most negative perceptions of Japan of all world nations. In this environment stories about radioactive coal become much easier to believe in.
In reality the Japanese vegetable limit is well above the likely levels that might be found in any cement products resulting from the use of this coal. It is consistent with EU limits set more than 20 years earlier (600Bq/kg). A search on the US Environmental Protection Agency's website fails to bring up any formal limit. Instead it states that everyone is exposed to caesium-137 from atmospheric fallout to a low level and that the most dangerous cases are where waste metal processors unwittingly come across sources.
So on the surface then, the South Korean reaction seems like a storm in a teacup. One question remains though. If the caesium-137 levels in the coal are so much lower than the Japanese vegetable limit, why are Korean firms being paid to take it out of Japan?