Displaying items by tag: Rail

Kenya: According to Reuters, Kenyan cement producers have said that they are being left out of a US$3.8bn railway project that China Rail & Bridge Corporation (CRBC) is building, after the company gave an assurance it would source all of the raw materials domestically.

Companies including Lafarge South Africa's Kenyan unit and ARM Cement have asked Kenya Railways Corporation, the implementing agency, to provide clarity on CRBC's local procurement plans, five months after work on the project started, according to ARM Cement CEO Pradeep Paunrana. Kenya Ports Authority data show that CRBC has imported at least 7000t of cement so far in 2015.

"There was an assurance that all of the cement would be supplied by local producers," said Paunrana, who is also chairman of the Kenya Association of Manufacturers. "There has not been transparency on how much we will supply and we don't understand why they are importing cement when we can clearly supply cement to their specifications."

The 'Standard Gauge Railway Project' (SGR) is Kenya's biggest investment in infrastructure since it gained independence from Britain in 1963. The Export-Import Bank of China is funding 90% of the railroad, which will connect Nairobi to Mombasa, East Africa's biggest port. It is scheduled to be completed by 2017. Kenya's Treasury is pinning its 7% growth target for 2015 partly on activities generated during construction of the 609km link. In June 2015, treasury secretary Henry Rotich allocated US$1.46bn to the project for the 2015 - 2016 financial year.

The SGR project requires 1Mt of cement, all to be sourced in Kenya, according to a master list of supplies that the manufacturers' association was given by CRBC. Kenya is a higher cost producer of cement than China and imports for the project are duty-free, according to Paunrana. Kenya Railways spokeswoman Mary Oyuke has said that the company isn't importing cement because the material is available locally and ARM and Bamburi are already supplying the project.

ARM and other producers, including Lafarge's unit Bamburi Cement, have upgraded their plants to produce the 52.5 grade cement required by the contractors. The enhancements cost 'several million dollars' and were commissioned on the understanding that CRBC would buy the cement from domestic manufacturers. "We undertook significant investments in an endeavour to seamlessly supply cement to the project, including long-term agreements with transport companies to make deliveries," said Bamburi CEO Bruno Pescheux. "It is our hope that the project will continue to purchase cement locally rather than import, in light of the above investments." Bamburi supplied 20,000t of cement in April 2015.

US: Lafarge North America has signed a deal to build a cement trans-loading facility in Williston, North Dakota. According to local press, the storage facility and terminal will be located on a new rail spur on the east side of the town. Lafarge North America says that it will allow the company to better serve its customers amid growing demand for construction materials in North Dakota and South Dakota

Roy Sander, general manager of Lafarge Dakotas, noted that the new rail line will remove the company's existing truck traffic from US Highway 2.

North and South Dakota are growing states for cement consumption. As well as traditional construction cements for standard applications, the presence of the Bakken oil field means that the states also require oil well cements and products for soil stabilisation.

India: Sagar Cements expects to commission its US$18.7m, 7km private railway line in July 2015.

"The company had already received its first train and full commercial operations will begin after safety checks by the end of July 2015," said executive director S Sreekanth Reddy. The railway line is likely to boost the company's market reach and slash its freight costs.

The line will connect Sagar's cement plant near Matampally in Nalgonda, Andhra Pradesh, with the main railway line. It will provide cheaper inward and outward freight. "We expect to save US$1.56 – 1.87m/yr with the inward freight," said Reddy.

India: The manufacturing cost for cement is likely to go up by US$0.11 – 0.16/bag due to the proposed freight hike on various inputs and the cement itself. "The cost of production will go up in the range between US$0.11 – 0.16/bag," said a cement company spokesperson. He added that cement producers would most likely pass on the costs to their customers.

The Railway Budget proposals plan to increase freight rates of coal and slag, used in the manufacturing of cement, by US$0.74/t and by US$0.34/t respectively. A hike in cement freight rates of US$0.34/t has also been proposed, however, a reduced freight on limestone, by US$0.04/t, is also in the proposal.

"The freight rate hike is likely to increase our cost of production in the range between US$0.03 – 0.06/t. However, price is determined by demand and supply," said Mahendra Singhi, whole-time director of Dalmia Bharat Cement. Jaypee Cement's whole-time director Shiva Dixit said that although the freight rate hike would have an impact on input prices, they would wait for the main Budget to see the cost implication.

India: The Cement Manufacturers Association of India has asked the Railway Board to withdraw a 6.5% rise in freight rates that is due to start on 25 June 2014 on the basis that the cement industry cannot absorb the cost. A note to the board said that the increase would further discourage the movement of cement and input materials by rail for an already beleaguered industry.

"In the last two and a half-years, the overall transportation cost of cement has gone up by 40%. With the current 6.5% increase in the freight rates. The cement industry, reeling under tremendous price pressure with around 100Mt of idle excess capacity, cannot absorb this increase," said the note.

The prospects for the East African cement industry have risen this week following the formal agreement to build a new railway line linking the port city of Mombasa and Nairobi in Kenya. The US$3.8bn project will replace the existing 100 year old narrow gauge track with work scheduled to start in October 2014 and a completion date in 2018. The second phase of the project is then intended to extend the line to neighbouring inland countries including Uganda, South Sudan and Rwanda among others.

The bottom line here from Reuters' reporting is that the new line will cut freight costs by more than half to US$0.08/t per km from US$0.20/t per km. Anybody considering sending freight along the 610km line could see their costs drop from US$122/t to US$49/t. With the average cement price in Kenya reported at US$75/t at the start of 2014, these kind of prices seem unlikely to throw the market to the mercy of overseas imports. Moving one tonne of cement along the full length of the line would cost more than half of the selling price. Yet the effect on input costs or transport over smaller distances may have an effect, especially if the inland extension actually gets built.

Kenya has four integrated cement plants with a production capacity of 3.4Mt/yr. Of these three - ARM Cement, Bamburi Cement (Lafarge) and Mombasa Cements are on the coast – and only one plant, the East African Portland Cement Company, is based inland in Nairobi. In addition National Cement and Savannah Cement both run clinker grinding plants near Nairobi.

A number of plants are being built. Most recently, Savannah Cement announced plans in April 2014 to build a clinker production plant. The East Africa Portland Cement Company plans to build a plant in Kajiado for operation by 2016. Nigeria's Dangote Cement has a 1.5Mt/yr cement plant planned to start operation in 2016 in Kitui, between Nairobi and the coast with ARM seeking funding to build a 2.5Mt/yr cement plant in the same region. Cemtech, a company owned by India's Sanghi Group, has plans to build a plant in West Pokot County in western Kenya but the project has been delayed due to issues with land acquisition.

Despite all this development activity Kenyan Bureau of Statistics figures suggest that more cement is being produced in the country than is officially being consumed. In 2013, 4.8Mt of cement was produced but only 3.94Mt was consumed. Yet both production and consumption have more than doubled since 2004 from 1.87Mt and 1.27Mt respectively. With the Kenyan construction sector averaging a growth rate of 6.45%/yr between 2004 and 2012, it looks likely that consumption will continue to rise and all these new cement plants are poised to benefit form this.

The old Ugandan railway, which the new railway seeks to replace, started construction in 1896 and was backed by the British government. It was nicknamed the 'Lunatic Line' given the harsh terrain and the high worker fatalities. The perils facing the project were capped by a pair of man-eating lions who attacked workers as depicted in the book 'The Man-Eaters of Tsavo' and eventually made into a film called 'The Ghost and the Darkness' starring Michael Douglass. Then as today the potential benefits of connecting the African coast to the interior were seen as high.

Belarus/Kazakhstan: Kazakhstan is interested in buying a 'large' batch of Belarus-built wagons for cement transportation, according to Nigmatzhan Isingarin, President of the Association of National Forwarding Agencies of Kazakhstan and the Kazakhstani Association of Freight Carriers and Wagon (Container) Operators. Isingarin met with the Prime Minister of Belarus, Mikhail Myasnikovich, on 31 October 2013. The wagons will be manufactured by the Mogilev railway car building plant.

In addition to negotiating a purchase, Isingarin and Myasnikovich discussed a contract for manufacturing and supplying wagons via international leasing. Isingarin said he was satisfied with the progress in the project's implementation. So far 425 wagons have been delivered.

Brazil: América Latina Logística (ALL) plans to increase the volume of clinker and cement it transports for Votorantim Cimentos in the south of Brazil by over 30% before the end of 2013. The Brazilian logistics firm intends to increase its shipments for Votorantim to 1Mt/yr from 0.75Mt/yr, according to Brazilian news service Agência Estado.

ALL recently invested US$3.4m in trains and improving unloading bays in the southern state of Paraná and has borrowed a total of US$771m from the Brazilian Development Bank so far in 2013. The construction market represents 15% of its client portfolio in the industrial products sector.

India: Indian Railways has raised a freight tariff of 15% on all commodities, including cement, from 1 October 2013. Designated a busy season charge in a railway notification, the tariff is due to run until June 2014. The charge precedes a review of the fuel adjustment component (FAC), applicable after every six months to adjust fuel prices, that was also due on 1 October 2013.

India: Sagar Cements has prepared a US$20m plan to build a 7km-long railway line connecting its cement plant at Matampally in the Nalgonda district of Andhra Pradesh. Executive Director Sreekanth Reddy said that the proposed line is expected to be complete by 2015 and dispatches by rail are expected to rise by 20% subsequently.

In Sagar Cement's last financial year, which ended on 31 March 2013, it dispatched 1.55Mt of which 39,500t were transported by rail. Sales of Sagar's products outside Andhra Pradesh have been steadily increasing and accounted for 46% of total sales in the last financial year, according to an official spokesperson.