Displaying items by tag: coronavirus

France: Vicat says it offset rising energy costs by raising its prices in 2021. It reported growth in most places as markets recovered from the start of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020. It also noted a particular improvement in Egypt as government-mandated changes came into force in July 2021. The group’s consolidated sales rose by 11.3% year-on-year to Euro3.12bn in 2021 from Euro2.81bn in 2020. Cement and concrete volumes increased by 12.4% to 28.1Mt and 12.5% to 10.5Mm³ respectively. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) grew by 11.1% to Euro619m from Euro557m.

“Conditions in our markets remained dynamic, supported by favourable pricing trends in a context of sustained demand. This offsets the sharp rise in energy costs and wage increases,” said Vicat group chairman Guy Sidos.

Thailand: Sales from Siam Cement Group’s (SCG) cement business rose by 6% year-on-year to US$5.61bn in 2021. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) fell by 13% to US$145m. The company said that demand for cement improved gradually in the fourth quarter of 2021 following Covid-19 related shutdowns in the third quarter. Overall group sales were US$16.5bn in 2021, up by 33%, and net profit rose by 38% to US$1.4bn, boosted by the company chemicals division performance.

President and chief executive officer Roongrote Rangsiyopash said that its integration of environmental and social governance, along with a digital transformation, during the year contributed towards growth, along with a demand rise in line with the decline in Covid-19’s ongoing impacts.

Thailand: Siam City Cement's (SCC) sales, volumes and earnings picked up in the second half of 2021 following the easing of Covid-19-related lockdown measures in Thailand and Vietnam. Price rises, especially outside of Thailand, also reportedly helped to compensate for higher raw material, energy and transportation costs.

The group’s full-year consolidated sales fell slightly to US$1.28bn in 2021 from US$1.29bn in 2020. Sales revenue from its cement division rose by 3% year-on-year to US$842m but dropped by 19% to US$166m from its concrete division. Its overall earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) dropped by 6.8% to US$289m from US$310m. Net profit rose by 15.4% to US$131m from US$113m.

The data on cement consumption for 2021 in Spain is out this week and it looks promising. As the national cement association Oficemen explained, last year was the sector’s best for over a decade, nearly reaching 15Mt consumption and exceeding the figure in 2019 before the Covid-19 pandemic started. Oficemen also singled out particular strong performance in December 2021. It now expects this growth trend to continue into 2022 with a forecast of 5% to 15.6Mt predicted based on both domestic and infrastructure segments.

Graph 1: Cement consumption in Spain, 2012 – 2021. Source: Oficemen.

The Spanish cement industry reached a peak consumption of over 50Mt in the late 2000s before hitting a near-50 year low in the 2010s in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis. The market then started to recover in the second half of the 2010s until Covid-19 came along. A report on the Spanish cement market to the start of 2021 that lays out the situation can be found in the February 2021 issue of Global Cement Magazine. The larger news stories since then have been Votorantim Cimentos’ growth in the market through its acquisitions of FYM and Cementos Balboa, and Çimsa Çimento’s final completion of its deal to buy the Buñol white cement plant from Cemex. Each of these stories involve an integrated cement plant changing ownership.

Looking back at Oficemen’s summary describing 2012 depicts a much different dwindling market. However, one commonality it shares with the association’s roundup for 2021 is that it complains about the country’s disadvantage in electricity costs compared to its neighbours. Back in 2012 this was framed as holding back exports. As Oficemen noted at the time it exported 5.9Mt of cement in 2012, less than half the 13Mt it exported in 1983. Jump forward to 2021 and exports are now 6.8Mt. Energy is still a key issue though. Now Oficemen’s president, José Manuel Cascajero Rodríguez, says that the sector’s production costs have increased by 25% since the latest round of electricity price rises began. He then compares the cost of energy intensive industry in Spain unfavourably against France and Germany and calls for a structural change in the Spanish electricity market to make prices more predictable. Cement producers elsewhere in Europe and beyond may share Oficemen’s concerns regard unpredictable energy prices over the last six months but electricity has been a particular issue for Spain for a long time. To take one recent local example, in November 2021 Cementos Cosmos said it was planning to scale down the production of clinker at its Córdoba cement plant as a result of the high cost of electricity.

The other issue that gets raised in Oficemen’s 2021 summary is competition from cement importers outside the European Union (EU) and the necessity of a border carbon adjustment mechanism (CBAM) to take in account carbon taxation for producers within Europe. To jump back a bit, back in May 2021 the EU Emissions trading Scheme (ETS) reached Euro50/t. Then in December 2021 Cembureau, the European cement association, published a calculation predicting that if the EU ETS CO₂ cost made it to Euro90/t then this could represent 12 - 15% of the production costs of cement producers. Well, as readers will have guessed, the EU ETS beat Euro90/t on 2 February 2022 and then rose to Euro96.7/t on 7 February 2022. Answers in an email for when readers think the EU ETS price will top Euro100/t.

All of the above feeds neatly into the week’s other big Spanish news story: Cemex and Synhelion have successfully produced clinker from concentrated solar radiation at a pilot unit at the Very High Concentration Solar Tower of IMDEA Energy near Madrid. It’s early days yet as the process needs to be scaled up but, make no mistake, this is a big story. An interview with the team behind Cemex and Synhelion’s solar concentration project can be found in the December 2020 issue of Global Cement Magazine for more information. The SOLPART (Solar-Heated Reactors for Industrials Production of Reactive Particulates) project in France did similar research a few years ago but it didn’t reach the 1500°C target required to reach the sintering phase where clumps of clinker form. US-based Heliogen has been trying to industrialise concentrated solar energy but not much has been heard about its cement-industry ambitions since it said it reached temperatures of about 1000°C in 2019.

The relevance of an eventual full-scale concentrated solar unit for the entire production line or just the preheater and/or calciner at a cement plant in Spain makes considerable sense. At a stroke energy costs are reduced, diverted to a renewable source and any desired CO₂ capture becomes, in theory, easier and cheaper. Cemex said in the interview with Global Cement Magazine that the tentative next step would be a pilot unit at a cement plant, although, candidate plants could be in the US or Mexico, as well as Spain. Another side of the drive to cut energy and carbon costs can also be seen in a couple of photovoltaic solar projects supplying cement plants that were announced in 2021 for Spanish plants run by Cemex and Cementos Cosmos.

We leave the Spanish cement sector in a growth phase but with plenty of challenges ahead, not least from electricity costs and the mounting cost of carbon. Yet in common with other countries in Europe the industry faces a high-wire balancing act between staying economically viable and inching towards net zero. It’s conceivable that an industrial scale concentrated solar unit at a cement plant in Spain by 2030 might steady the wobbles along the way.

US: Eagle Materials’ consolidated sales rose by 13% year-on-year to US$1.45bn in the third quarter of the 2022 financial year from US$1.28bn in the corresponding quarter of the 2021 financial year. Its sales of cement rose by 12% year-on-year to US$261m, while its earnings from the segment were US$79.8m, up by 13%. Cement volumes totalled 2Mt, up by 7% from third-quarter 2021 financial year levels.

Chief executive officer and president Michael Haack said that the results reflected both continued strength in US construction activity and excellent execution by Eagle Materials as Covid-19-related supply chain challenges continued. He said “We continue to see positive demand trends across our geographic footprint, driven by increased residential construction activity and expanded infrastructure investment. These trends should support growing construction activity and contribute to attractive pricing across our heavy and light materials businesses. We enter the last quarter of our fiscal year in a position of strength, with an excellent balance sheet enabling us to continue to execute on our core strategies.”

Haack added “I’m also proud to share that, during the first nine months of our fiscal year, we achieved the best safety performance in our history, demonstrating our deep commitment to our people and their wellbeing. During the quarter, we also continued to make strides towards our environmental stewardship goals. We are now producing and selling our eco-friendly Portland limestone cement (PLC) from four Eagle cement facilities.”

Germany: The PowTech powder and bulk solids processing and analytics trade fair in Nuremberg, Bavaria, will now take place on 27 – 29 September 2022, in conjunction with the FachPack packaging trade fair. The organiser decided to postpone the event once again due to continued pandemic-related disruption.

India: Birla Corporation has started the kiln at its new 3.9Mt/yr Mukutban cement plant at Nagpur in Maharashtra. The project had an investment of around US$370m and the plant will be run by subsidiary RCCPL. Birla Corporation said that the new plant is the group’s fourth integrated plant and the biggest single cement production line in Maharashtra by capacity. It will be powered by two 20MW captive power plants that use air-cooled condenser technology to reduce water consumption by 90%. The plant was partly built using the group’s MP Birla Cement Perfect Plus product, a Portland Pozzolana Cement, composed of 30 - 35% fly ash, itself a by-product of thermal power plants. Use of fly ash and slag will be scaled up at the site as production ramps up.

“It is no mean feat to complete such a large project under such challenging circumstances with major disruptions on account of Covid-19 which led to several logistical challenges, stoppage of work and a flight of labour from the project site on several occasions,” said Harsh V Lodha, the chair of Birla Group. “Moreover, to achieve 10m man hours of construction with zero accidents and completion of the entire project without a single major accident or fatality, I am told, is a unique achievement in the cement industry.”

Peru: Cement production grew by 41% year-on-year to 12.9Mt in 2021 from 9.14Mt in 2020. Data from the Association of Cement Producers (ASOCEM) shows that cement and clinker exports increased by 43% to 205,000t and by 128% to 707,000t respectively. Cement and clinker imports rose by 23% to 884,000t and 131% to 1.55Mt respectively. In December 2021 94% of cement imports came from Vietnam and the majority of clinker imports came from South Korea. ASOCEM added that the recovery of local cement despatch levels from July 2020 was a sign that the market had recovered after the start of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Ghana: The Ministry of Health has responded to criticism from the Chamber of Cement Manufacturers (COCMAG) about disinfection measures being used at ports. It said that it was being used to on the exterior of imported goods and cargo to control or kill infectious agents. It added that the procedure was being implemented on any vehicle that crossed designated biosecurity zones without exception.

“It is obvious that COCMAG, of which you are the executive secretary, does not have much information about the disinfection health service, its applications and the benefits of such a service,” said the ministry in a statement in response to comments in the local press by COCMAG’s leader George Dawson-Ahmoah. It added that the fee for the service was to protect the local economy from the effects of diseases such as Ebola and Covid-19 and that sea ports were, “one of the most infected areas in the country.”

COCMAG has lobbied the government to scrap the disinfection or fumigation levy on cement imports at the country’s ports. It argues that such measures are unnecessary for dry cargo such as clinker, limestone, and other cement raw materials, according to the Ghana News Agency. The levy adds a reported US$0.50/t of cement.

Taiwan: Zhang Anping, the chair of Taiwan Cement, has expressed doubts about the strength of the Chinese market in the short term. Whilst being interviewed by the state-owned Central News Agency at a community event, he said that increased raw material and energy prices looked set to remain high until at least mid-2022. The price of coal in China had more than tripled in 2021 before easing somewhat. He also raised the risks of growing global market uncertainty from an anticipated rise in interest rates in the US by the Federal Reserve and the spread of the Omicron variant of Covid-19.