Brazil: CSN’s Cement Director Edvaldo Rabelo has said his company is ‘attentive to opportunities’ in a call with analysts that discussed LafargeHolcim’s rumoured exit from the Brazilian cement market, according to Reuters. Rabelo said that the move had been expected, while CSN’s chief executive officer Benjamin Steinbruch reportedly added that the company was interested in ‘potential merger and acquisition activity’ in its cement business.

Spain: Cementos Molins has reported its third consecutive quarter with a rising profit, having made Euro33m in the first quarter of 2021, some 39% higher year-on-year than in the same period of 2020. Its revenues came to Euro223m, an increase of 16%.

The quarterly performance of revenues was similar to that of the fourth quarter of 2020, with strong activity in all markets except for Spain. Cementos Molins’ earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) for the first quarter came to Euro62m, 30% higher than the same period in 2020. It said that this was achieved due to the positive contributions of the higher cement sales volumes, rising sales prices and the results of efficiency plans that off-set increases in energy costs.

Russia: Cemix, a subsidiary of the Austrian firm Lasselsberger, is preparing to open its new white cement plant to open in Abzelilovsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Volga. The first batch of cement will be manufactured in May 2021, with the plant expected to be fully commissioned in August 2021. The design capacity is 700t/day of cement, with plans to increase to 1000t/day in the future, depending on demand.

Kenya: Athi River Mining (ARM) Cement is preparing for liquidation and delisting from the Nairobi exchange following the failure of its administrators to revive operations. The East African newspaper has reported that PricewaterhouseCoopers advised liquidation in a letter of 19 April 2021. The joint administrators reached their conclusion based on the understanding the producer will not otherwise be able to settle in full with its creditors. The company plans to liquidate on 30 September 2021.

ARM Cement went into administration in August 2018 following a default on a loan. Its operations in Kenya were sold to National Cement in October 2019. China-based Huaxin Cement acquired its Tanzanian subsidiary Maweni Limestone in May 2020. In 2019 ARM Cement’s administrators fought an attempt by minority shareholders to buy out its majority stake in South Africa-based Mafeking Cement. In January 2021 the administrators received approval from the Rwanda Development Board’s Registrar-General to commence the liquidation of Kigali Cement.

Thailand: Siam Cement Group’s first-quarter consolidated net revenue was US$3.91bn, up by 15% year-on-year from US$3.39bn. Its earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) rose by 68% year-on-year to US$758m from US$452m. Net profit more than doubled to US$478m from US$223m. It attributed the profit growth to its cement and chemical businesses.

The group’s cement and building materials segment recorded an EBITDA of US$211m, down by 2% from US$216m. Its revenue remained stable. Demand for cement in Thailand grew by 3% in the quarter.

Turkey: The Turkish competition authority Rekabat Kurumu has launched a probe into alleged collusion by nine cement producers. The authority said that it is investigating AS Çimento, Bastas Baskent Çimento, Çimsa, Golas Goller Bolgesi Çimento, Konya Çimento, Kupeliler Endustri, Limak Çimento, Oyak Çimento and Brazil-based Votorantim Cimentos.

Switzerland: The Swiss cement association Cemsuisse has published Roadmap 2050, a plan for the achievement of net carbon neutrality by 2050. As part of the plan, the association says that Swiss cement producers will launch carbon capture and storage (CCS) installations at their plants from 2030. Individual companies’ plans also involve the reduction of products’ clinker factors and alteration of cement kiln fuel mixes.

Cemsuisse lobbied the government to approve producers’ mining permits in order to prevent an increase in imports from 686,000t in 2020. The figure corresponds to 15% of the nation’s 4.70Mt consumption.

Vietnam: Data from the General Statistics Office shows that cement companies produced 32.4Mt of cement in the first four months of 2020, up by 7% year-on-year. Projected April 2021 cement production is 9.40Mt, up by 17% year-on-year. The Viet Nam News newspaper has reported that the country produced 100Mt of cement in 2020.

Argentina: Holcim Argentina, part of Switzerland-based LafargeHolcim, has announced plans to open 1000 new branches of its Disensa retail chain by 2024. The Diario Financiero newspaper has reported that the chain opened 40 new locations during 2020.

General manager Natalia Soler said, "Being considered an essential sector, builders merchants continued to operate during quarantine. This scenario benefited us, coupled with the number of customers who took advantage of the context and their savings to make repairs to their homes."

For those not following the news in Nigeria, a nationwide row has broken out about the cost of cement in the country. Two of the three main local producers have been forced to publicly defend their pricing. Alongside this, the Senate of Nigeria has implored the federal government to encourage further local investment in cement production with the goal of keeping the end price down.

The current debacle started to take form in the autumn of 2020 when the price of cement leapt up by 35%. Builders and those immediately affected started complaining then but the argument really heated up in April 2021 when the local press started comparing the price of cement in Nigeria unfavourably against neighbouring countries. Dangote Cement, one of Africa’s largest cement producing companies and a Nigerian-based one at that, immediately defended itself by pointing out that its ex-factory price was the same or lower than in other African countries. It added that it could not control the price of cement between its factory and the end-consumer with dealers and middlemen benefiting from the gap. A week later the Senate of Nigeria intervened with its members discussing the issue in relation to a bill intended to liberalise the sector. This week, BUA Cement said publicly that it had no plans to raise the ex-factory price of its cement at the present time or in the future, “…barring any material, unforeseen circumstances.”

The roots of the current crisis go back to the mid-2010s when Nigeria declared itself ‘self-sufficient’ in cement after building up its domestic production capacity. At the same time it discouraged imports and embraced exports. Today, the country’s cement production capacity is around 49Mt/yr and annual demand is around 21Mt. This self-sufficiency path reached one milestone for Dangote Cement in 2020 with clinker exports starting from its Apapa terminal and the commissioning of its Onne Export Terminal in Port Harcourt. Under the old narrative for the sector this was a moment for congratulation. Suddenly though, instead of being seen as the saviour of the industry, members of the legislature were asking whether it was a good thing for Dangote Cement to hold a 60% share of the local market with most of the rest shared between Lafarge Africa and BUA Cement.

The price row has seen Dangote Cement promptly suspend exports from those new terminals. It also said it had reactivated its 4.5Mt/yr Gboko plant in Benue State, which was reportedly mothballed in 2018. It is worth noting here that the Gboko plant was part of that national capacity total above despite being mothballed until fairly recently. Aside from the middleman argument, the producer said that its production costs had risen over the past 15 months due to negative currency effects but that it hadn’t increased its ex-factory prices since December 2019.

A survey by the News Agency of Nigeria in the north-east of the country revealed all sorts of speculation about why the price was so high but few facts. Some of the opinions expressed included: the coronavirus outbreak; low production rates at the plants; market middlemen; and transport costs. What is clearer is that the country’s cement production capacity is more than double that of its demand. On paper at least the nation should be able to satisfy its own needs and then export the same again with plenty spare. Yet somehow this isn’t happening. If the government really believes in self-sufficiency it may be time to take another look at the cement sector, the challenges it faces and the needs of the end consumers.