Global Cement News

Afghanistan: Ghori Cement says that its Baghlan cement plants currently produce 600t/day of cement, corresponding to annual production of 0.22Mt/yr. The producer states that production is restricted by shortages of electricity and vehicles. With regular supply of these, it would increase its production by 33% to 800t/day (0.29Mt/yr), according to the company.

Production at the Baghlan cement plants was previously suspended for four months in mid-2022 due to high coal prices. This was resolved when the government began supplying the plants with coal at a pre-agreed price. The plants then reopened with a daily production of 520t/day (0.19Mt/yr), up by 49% from 350t/yr (0.13Mt/yr).

The provincial government said that an upgrade with equipment from China and Iran since increased production by 15% to its present 600t/day (0.22Mt/yr).

France: Ratings agency EthiFinance has certified Hoffmann Green Cement Technologies' operations as 100% in the line with the EU's Green Taxonomy. The Green Taxonomy measures the sustainability of companies' activities against the European Green Deal's objective of net zero by 2050.

Hoffmann Green Cement Technologies said that it is Europe's first cement producer to achieve the recognition of conformity.

India: Adani Group told investors that it repaid a US$500m bridge loan for its acquisition of ACC and Ambuja Cements on 7 March 2023. The deal was completed in September 2022, and payment on the loan was due by 9 March 2023 at the latest. UK-based Barclays and Standard Chartered and Germany-based Deutsche Bank underwrote the loan.

Business Today Online News has reported that Adani Group is seeking to pre-pay its loans in order to allay investor concerns about its debt.

India: India's 'core industries,' including cement, steel and fossil fuels, employ just 8% women across the total workforce. The Free Press Journal has reported that gender equality body UN Women found the proportion of women to be as low as 3.9% at UltraTech Cement. JSW Cement owner JSW Group employs 5.3% women. Meanwhile, Holcim, which left the Indian market in September 2022, operates with a 13% female global workforce.

Cement companies joined in celebrations of International Women's Day on 8 March 2023.

National Cement is preparing to open its new integrated West Pokot plant in September 2023. Readers may recall that the long-running project was taken over by Devki Group from Cemtech and Sanghi Industries after the Competition Authority of Kenya (CAK) gave it permission to do so in 2019. The original feasibility report by the Kerio Valley Development Authority dates back to 2010. The new plant will have a production capacity of 2.5Mt/yr.

However, this isn’t the only new clinker production capacity that Devki Group, which sells cement under the Simba Cement brand, is preparing to commission. Local media also reports that the company is also preparing to restart the former Athi River Mining Cement integrated plant at Bondora in Kaloleni, Kilifi County. After five months of trial runs the unit should be ready for full operation from April 2023. Devki Group also picked up this plant in 2019 following the long breakup of ARM Cement, after the latter producer entered financial administration back in mid-2018.

Devki Group started out in the steel sector but it has been steadily carving out a presence in the cement industry. The group opened its first cement grinding plant in 2013 and then built a 1.95Mt/yr integrated plant in Kajiado County, south of Nairobi, in 2018. Once the West Pokot plant is commissioned, the company will reportedly have a clinker production capacity of 7.5Mt/yr from three plants.

This kind of growth is making waves in the local cement sector. Since Global Cement Weekly covered the situation in September 2022 (GCW576), an argument has been brewing in Kenya over whether the country should import clinker or manufacture more of its own. This has moved to lobbying the government on whether the duty on imports of clinker should rise from 10% to 25%. Unsurprisingly, the country’s largest clinker producer, National Cement, even before the new plants are operational, has been a major advocate for putting up the import tariff. This carried over into 2023, when local press revealed the minutes of a meeting between the State Department of Industry and the Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM), with input from the cement producers. Rai Cement, Bamburi Cement, Savannah Cement, Ndovu Cement and Riftcot were all against raising the tariff, saying that it would enable the largest clinker producers, National Cement and Mombasa Cement, to dominate the market. However, unlike the last such meeting, Mombasa Cement was said to be non-committal on the proposal to increase the duty. Despite the disagreement over the tariff, all of the cement companies imported clinker in 2021.

Graph 1: Rolling annual cement production in Kenya, 2019 - October 2022. Source: Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS).

Rolling annual cement production in Kenya peaked at just over 10Mt in May and June 2022. Data from the Kenya National Bureau of Statistics (KNBS) shows that monthly production started to fall on a year-on-year basis from July 2022. This is likely to be connected to the elections that took place in August 2022, although wider economic trends such as inflation and high input material prices may not have helped either. Despite this, cement production rose by 5% year-on-year to 8.02Mt in the first 10 months of 2022 from 7.65Mt in the same period in 2021.

Other recent news of note in Kenya includes the restart of clinker production at East African Portland Cement’s (EAPC) Athi River Plant in mid-2022. The upgrade was conducted as part of a general five-year upgrade and expansion campaign by the company. The next steps were announced in January 2023 with a stated intention to consider entering markets in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda. The other story of note was in December 2022, when China-based Sinoma International Engineering announced that it had signed a deal with Savannah Cement to build a new 8000t/day clinker production line with a 2400t/day cement grinding unit, a 35MW captive power unit and a 13MW waste heat recovery unit. As is standard for Sinoma’s new contract releases, it said that the contract would become active once an “advance payment guarantee” had been received. Later in December 2022 the Kenya High Court intervened to stop two creditors from seizing assets from Savannah Cement and putting it into administration, although the court did acknowledge the company’s debts and a loan repayment default. In January 2023 Mauritius-based Barak Asset Recovery, another related creditor, was approved by the competition regulator to buy a majority stake in Savannah Cement. The current state of that new production line is unknown.

As the two stories above show, it is not just National Cement that is trying to move towards increased clinker production in Kenya. The whole situation is reminiscent of the time before Nigeria declared itself self-sufficient in cement in the early 2010s. Local producers became prominent and the market battle between producers and importers became public. Kenya’s range of different cement companies seem to be more diverse than Nigeria’s were, but a similar type of national interest argument may be rolled out by one side. The other parallel to note with Nigeria is that Dangote Cement is said to have attempted to buy National Cement previously and has also been trying to build its own plant in the country since the mid-2010s. Kenya’s demographics and location make it a prime place for this kind of producer-importer tussle. Let’s wait and see how much the situation has changed when the new plants open over the next six months.