Global Cement News

Spain: Cement consumption in Spain will close 2012 with a drop of 33% year-on-year, the fifth double-digit decline in a row, according to data from the country's association of cement producers Oficemen.

Oficemen expects that the demand will also shrink by 20% in 2013, until it reaches the levels similar to those in Morocco and Ecuador. Spanish cement consumption was at a 48-year low after the first half of 2012.

Meanwhile, the Spanish cement and building materials producer Sociedad de Cementos y Materiales de Construccion de Andalucia, controlled by Portuguese cement group Cimpor, is negotiating the lay-off of 35 staff with its employees and trade unions. The proposed move will affect 25 staff at its plant in Cordoba and 10 employees at a factory in Niebla.

Switzerland: As part of its on-going 'Leadership Journey' Swiss multinational cement producer Holcim has announced that it will be reducing its management structure in Europe to cope with lower levels of construction activity in the region. The group says that proposed measures evaluated and existing ones will lead to annual cost savings of at least Euro99m, a better utilisation rate of capacity and a more efficient allocation of capital expenditure.

The additional cash costs for restructuring in the fourth quarter of 2012 will amount to approximately Euro83.8m including site restoration costs. Write-offs of property, plant and equipment will total Euro339m and will be charged in the fourth quarter of 2012. Consultation procedures with regards to impact on personnel have been initiated in some group companies.

The restructuring accelerates the implementation of the Holcim Leadership Journey. The major part of the anticipated cash costs of Euro166m to realise the Holcim Leadership Journey will be incurred in 2012. The group's payout potential for the 2012 financial year (pre-write-offs) remains. The board of directors will propose the level of the payout at the end of February 2013, as part of the year-end financial statement to be submitted to the annual general meeting.

Italy: The Italian cement maker Italcementi has prepared a plan to reorganise its activities in Italy, to be implemented in 2013 and 2014. It envisages layoff schemes for up to 665 employees.

At present the company employs 2500 staff, of whom two-thirds are employed at its production sites. The remainder work at the company's headquarters in Bergamo.

The plan, dubbed 'Project 2015,' aims to rationalise the industrial and distribution structure of the group and reorganise the central structures and commercial network. The plan targets to reduce costs by around Euro40m/yr.

Rwanda/South Africa: The major South African cement producer PPC (Pretoria Portland Cement) has purchased a 51% stake in the Rwandan firm Cimerwa for US$69.4m in cash. The deal is in line with PPC's vision of making 50% of its revenue outside South Africa itself in the coming years. The deal comes after a similar deal between PPC and Ethiopia's Habesha Cement, of which it has bought a 27% stake.

"This transaction is a further step in our commitment to invest in sub-Saharan Africa and we are very confident about Rwanda," said PPC's CEO Paul Stuiver. "The Cimerwa plant is located in a challenging but very strategic region in East Africa, which currently lacks significant cement production capacity."

Cimerwa, in south-west Rwanda, has been the only cement producer in the country for 28 years. It has the capacity to make 0.1Mt/yr of cement but is currently undergoing a 0.6Mt/yr expansion project that is due to be commissioned in 2014.

Cement demand in Rwanda is estimated at 0.35Mt/yr but, based on the region's positive economic outlook, regional cement demand is projected to increase to 1Mt/yr in the next decade. "Combined with our recent investment in Ethiopia, the Cimerwa transaction will increase PPC's revenue outside of South Africa to more than 30% by 2015-16," added Stuiver.

"Rwanda looks like an attractive market to build capacity, with robust gross domestic product growth expectations, a large supply deficit in the cement market and challenging logistics for importing cement," said Ross Heyns, an equity analyst at Kagiso Asset Management. However, Heyns said that it appeared that PPC had paid a fairly hefty price for the asset. "After raising the additional US$104m of debt and expanding the plant's capacity to 0.7Mt/yr, the US$69.4m that they are paying for 51% of Cimerwa implies a total valuation for the business (including debt) of US$400/t of cement capacity," he said.

PPC's desire to expand to more locations outside of South Africa is in part due to the current overcapacity in that market. The country has a capacity of 16Mt/yr but is only likely to produce 11Mt in 2012. This overcapacity will not be helped when the 2.6Mt/yr Sephaku Cement plant, backed by Nigeria's Dangote Group, comes online in 2013.

As 2012 draws to a close the challenges posed by the Australian carbon tax to the Australian cement industry are starting to show. First, Holcim Australia announced it was to lay off 150 staff. Then Boral released the news that it was planning to cut 90 jobs at its Waurn Ponds cement plant.

Following years of debate the Gillard government introduced the Clean Energy Act in July 2012. Heavy polluters were initially charged US$23/t of CO₂ emitted, more than twice the cost of similar schemes in Europe where it is US$10/t. A key criticism of the scheme was that it would damage the Australian domestic cement industry with cheap imports. However the Australian government cushioned the move with compensation packages for major polluters, including cement producers, currently set to last five years.

Although the Australian cement industry hasn't totally collapsed, with the loss of 1800 jobs as the Australian Federal Opposition warned of in 2011, imports have been favoured in recent months. Boral's suspension of clinker production at Waurn Ponds will increase imports. The change will result in 25-30% of Boral's clinker being imported. It's worth noting that Boral pointed out in its press release that this was 'in-line' with the Australian industry.

Adelaide Brighton, the country's third biggest producer after Holcim and Boral, may not have laid anybody off but it has secured a 10-year supply of foreign clinker. On 5 December 2012 the building materials producer announced that it was going to a buy a 30% stake in Malaysian white clinker and white cement producer, Aalborg Portland Malaysia. In the accompanying press statement the company's chief financial officer explicitly blamed the carbon tax as one of the reasons for the acquisition.

Whether the job losses at Boral and Holcim can be totally blamed on the carbon tax remains to be seen. Boral's second-half profit for the year ending 30 June 2012 suffered a fall of 59% to US$35.7m. Holcim noted weaker demand outside of mining regions for the third quarter of 2012. By contrast, Adelaide Brighton reported steady gains in its half-year report for 2012 although cement sales only increased 'marginally'. Elsewhere in its report Adelaide Brighton stated that it would cope with the impact of the carbon tax by reducing reliance on domestic manufacturing. These can hardly be comforting words for the Australian cement industry.