Global Cement News

Two news stories to note this week concerning climate legislation in eastern Asia. First, the Indonesian government announced plans to create a mandatory carbon emissions trading scheme (ETS) for key industries including cement. Second, an initiative to set up a carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) in Taiwan emerged.

The proposal in Indonesia has been expected by the local cement sector and the wider market. Back in November 2024 at the ASEAN Federation of Cement Manufacturers (AFCM) event, an Indonesian Cement Association (ASI) speaker said that a preparation period for carbon trading by industrial sectors was expected from 2025 to 2027 followed by an easing-in period and then full implementation from 2031 onwards. This latest announcement appears to confirm the planned roll-out of the country’s cap-and-trade system. So far the government has set up a carbon tax, a voluntary carbon trading scheme (IDX Carbon) and a mandatory carbon trading scheme for part of the power sector. Notably, the local carbon price for that last one is low compared to other schemes elsewhere around the world. In 2024 the World Bank reported a price of US$0.61/t of CO₂. Since it only started in 2023 it is still early days yet though.

The new information confirms that the cement, fertiliser, steel and paper industries will be added to the mandatory emissions trading scheme. As per other cap-and-trade schemes, low emitters should be able to sell spare credits. However, comments made by Apit Pria Nugraha, Head of the Center for Green Industry, Ministry of Industry, at a recent trade event in Jakarta suggested that companies that emit more than their allowance would have to pay a 5% levy on the excess and buy credits for the rest. This seems to be different from the EU Emissions Trading Scheme, where companies are fined only if they go above their allowance and they do not buy sufficient credits to cover themselves. However, we’ll have to wait to confirm this and other details.

Meanwhile in Taiwan, Peng Chi-ming, the Minister of Environment, announced that a bill establishing a local CBAM could be prepared in the second half of 2025. What is telling though is how the local press coverage of this story framed the trade policy aspects of such a scheme. Peng questioned how the EU CBAM might fare in response to the protectionist and pro-tariff administration in the US. He also noted that importers of cement and steel didn’t have to disclose their carbon emissions compared to local producers. Vietnam, unsurprisingly, was singled out as a likely target of a CBAM given that one third of Taiwan’s imports of cement come from there. Lastly, Peng also said that Taiwan would have to apply to the World Trade Organization for approval if or when it did set up its own CBAM.

Taiwan introduced a carbon tax at the start of 2025 with a standard price of US$9.16/t of CO₂ and lower prices for companies using approved reduction plans or meeting technology benchmarks. Research by Reccessary indicated that Taiwan Cement might face a carbon tax bill of US$41m and Asia Cement could be looking at US$28m based on 2023 data. These additional costs will increase operating costs and reduce profits.

All of this may sound familiar because it has already happened in Europe. Some form of carbon trading or taxation is introduced and then the debate moves on to carbon leakage via imports. The cement industries in Indonesia and Taiwan are unlikely to be aggravated directly by the EU CBAM but the wider economies of both countries are reacting to secure access to export markets. This, in turn, has implications for a heavy CO₂-emitting sector like cement. For example, if a CBAM isn’t already being considered in Indonesia, local heavy industry is likely to start lobbying for one, if the new ETS starts affecting import rates.

The Minister of Environment in Taiwan and others before him have identified that climate policies can be protectionist. As more countries regulate local carbon emissions, more trade disputes look likely. The big one right now might be the growing argument between the US Trump administration and the EU. Yet, every time a country sets up a new carbon scheme, a potential new argument over trade is brewing. And cement producers in Indonesia, Taiwan and everywhere else are stuck in the middle of all of this.

Egypt: Sinai Cement has appointed Wael Abdrabbou as Head of Finance.

Abdrabbou has worked in financial management roles at the subsidiary of France-based Vicat since 2020. Before this he held accounting roles for the bags unit of Lafarge Egypt from 2004. He eventually became the division’s Chief Accountant from 2014 to 2020. Abdrabbou holds an accounting degree from Mansoura University and a master of business administration from the Arab Academy For Banking And Financial Science.

Türkiye: Medcem Cement has appointed Emre Karabulut as Group Manager of Information Technologies and Digitalisation. He has worked in information management roles at Medcem Cement for over a decade. Prior to this he held software engineering positions with chemicals manufacturer Organik Kimya and various software companies.

France: Vicat recorded consolidated sales of €3.9bn, a year-on-year decrease of 1%, in 2024. It cited negative exchange rates, including for the Turkish Lira and Egyptian Pound. €1.16bn in sales came from its operations in France and €1bn from its US operations. It also reported earnings before interest, taxation, depreciation and amortisation (EBITDA) of €783m, up by 6% year-on-year. Its Cement business underwent a 3% decline in volumes during the year, driven by declines in France and India. Demand in France reportedly reached a 25-year low. The company noted an increase in the use of alternative fuels to 36% and has set itself the target of lowering its direct specific emissions to 497kg of CO₂ per tonne of cement equivalent and to 430kg CO₂ per tonne of cement equivalent in Europe by 2030. At the end of 2024, these figures stood at 576kg and 497kg respectively.

At the end of 2024, the Group's financial structure remains ‘solid,’ with net debt down by €185m over 2024. In 2025, it will aim for an increase in sales on a like-for-like basis and ‘low single-digit’ EBITDA growth.

Guy Sidos, chair and CEO of Vicat, said "In a deteriorated environment in Europe, the group has delivered historic results. We have witnessed strong growth in the US and progress in the Mediterranean region. I am confident that 2025 will be another successful year for Vicat, thanks to continued momentum in the US, stabilisation in Europe and the first contribution from our investment in Senegal.”

Türkiye: Titan Cement has agreed to sell its 75% stake in Adocim Cimento Beton to Mugla Cimento (50%) and Yurt Cimento (25%) for US$87.5m. The assets include a cement plant, terminal and related infrastructure in eastern Türkiye.

The transaction is expected to close in the second quarter of 2025, subject to regulatory approval. Titan Cement will retain its grinding and supplementary cementitious materials assets in other parts of the country.